Etymology
Calque of Japanese 武術 (bujutsu), which is itself borrowed from Chinese 武術 / 武术 (wǔshù).
However this term has been already mentioned in Pope's Iliad (1715, 4.360), and in Sotheby's Iliad (1831, book 6).
Noun
martial art (plural martial arts)
- Any of several fighting styles which contain systematized methods of training for combat, both armed and unarmed; often practiced as a sport, e.g. boxing, karate, judo, silat, wrestling, or Muay Thai.
- Military skills, proficiency in military strategy, prowess in warfare.
- 1832, Richard Chenevix, An Essay Upon National Character: 4. On patriotism, p. 481:
- […] of all the modes by which the advantage of his country may be secured, the martial arts and valour are those by which a Swiss the most hopes to promote it.
Translations
fighting style
- Albanian: arti luftarak
- Arabic: فَنٌّ قِتَالِيّ m (fannun qitāliyy), الفُنُون القِتَالِيَّة m pl (al-funūn al-qitāliyya)
- Armenian: մարտարվեստ (hy) (martarvest)
- Asturian: arte marcial
- Azerbaijani: döyüş sənəti
- Belarusian: баяво́е маста́цтва n (bajavóje mastáctva)
- Bulgarian: бо́йно изку́ство n (bójno izkústvo)
- Catalan: art marcial
- Chinese:
- Cantonese: 武術 / 武术 (mou5 seot6)
- Mandarin: 武術 / 武术 (zh) (wǔshù), 武藝 / 武艺 (zh) (wǔyì)
- Czech: bojové umění n
- Danish: kampsport
- Dutch: vechtsport (nl) f, vechtkunst (nl) f, gevechtssport f, gevechtskunst f, krijgskunst (nl) f
- Esperanto: luktarto, luktosporto
- Estonian: võitluskunst
- Finnish: kamppailulaji (fi)
- French: art martial (fr) m
- Galician: arte marcial (gl)
- Georgian: საბრძოლო ხელოვნება (sabrʒolo xelovneba)
- German: Kampfkunst (de) f, Kampfsport (de) m
- Greek: πολεμικές τέχνες (el) f pl (polemikés téchnes)
- Hebrew: אמנות לחימה (he)
- Hindi: युद्ध कलाएँ f pl (yuddh kalāẽ)
- Hungarian: harcművészet (hu)
- Icelandic: bardagaíþrótt (is)
- Indonesian: seni bela diri
- Irish: ealaín oscartha
- Italian: arti marziali
- Japanese: 武術 (ja) (ぶじゅつ, bujutsu), 武道 (ja) (ぶどう, budō), 武芸 (ja) (ぶげい, bugei)
- Khmer: គុន (km) (kun), គុនក្បាច់ (kun kbac)
- Korean: 무예(武藝) (ko) (muye), 무술(武術) (ko) (musul)
- Latvian: cīņas māksla f
- Lithuanian: kovos menas m
- Macedonian: боречка вештина f (borečka veština)
- Malay: seni mempertahankan diri
- Malayalam: ആയോധനകല (āyōdhanakala)
- Maltese: arti marzjali
- Norwegian: kampsport, kampaktivitet, kampkunst
- Persian: هنر رزمی (honar-e razmi)
- Polish: sztuka walki (pl) f
- Portuguese: arte marcial (pt) f
- Romanian: artă marțială f
- Russian: боево́е иску́сство (ru) n (bojevóje iskússtvo), единобо́рства (ru) n pl (jedinobórstva)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: борилачка вештина f, борилачка вјештина f
- Roman: borilačka veština f, borilačka vještina f
- Slovak: bojové umenie n
- Slovene: borilna veščina f, umetnost bojevanja f
- Spanish: arte marcial (es)
- Swedish: kampsport (sv)
- Thai: ศิลปะการต่อสู้ (sĭnlábpà gaan dtòr sôo)
- Turkish: dövüş sanatı
- Ukrainian: бойове́ мисте́цтво n (bojové mystéctvo)
- Uyghur: چامباشچىلىق (chambashchiliq)
- Vietnamese: môn võ, môn võ thuật, võ thuật (vi) (武術), vũ thuật (vi)
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