nḏs

See also: nds, nDs, NDs, and -nds

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈnaːcʼas/ → /ˈnaːtʼas/ → /ˈnaːtʼəs/ → /ˈnoːtʼəs/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈnaːcʼas/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈnaːtʼas/
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈnaːtʼəs/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈnoːtʼəs/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /nɛd͡ʒɛs/
  • Conventional anglicization: nedjes

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (intransitive) to be(come) small or little in size
2. (intransitive) to be(come) lesser in rank or degree
3. (intransitive, of the function of body parts) to be(come) feeble or faint

Inflection

Conjugation of nḏs (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: nḏs, geminated stem: nḏss

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural nḏs nḏsw, nḏs nḏst nḏs nḏs ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 nḏs ḥr nḏs m nḏs r nḏs suffix conjugation aspect / mood active contingent aspect / mood active perfect nḏs.n consecutive nḏs.jn terminative nḏst perfective3 nḏs obligative1 nḏs.ḫr imperfective nḏs prospective3 nḏs potentialis1 nḏs.kꜣ subjunctive nḏs verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active active passive perfect nḏs.n — — perfective nḏs nḏs nḏs, nḏsw5, nḏsy5 imperfective nḏs, nḏsy, nḏsw5 nḏs, nḏsj6, nḏsy6 nḏs, nḏsw5 prospective nḏs, nḏstj7 nḏstj4, nḏst4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine.

Derived terms

• rkḥ-nḏs

Adjective

1. perfective active participle of nḏs: small, feeble

Inflection

Declension of nḏs (perfective active participle)

	masculine	feminine
singular	nḏs	nḏst
dual	nḏswj	nḏstj
plural	nḏsw	nḏswt1, nḏst2

¹ Archaic in Middle Egyptian when modifying a noun.
² From Middle Egyptian, this feminine singular form was generally used for the plural.
In Late Egyptian, the masculine singular form was used with all nouns.

Noun

 m

1. person physically small in size
2. commoner, poor or lowly person
3. (by extension) person, individual
   • Reign of Amenemhat II or Senusret II, c. 1929–1878 BCE, Stela of Hekaib (Rijksmuseum van Oudheden, AP 78):

     jnk nḏs jqr ḏd m r(ꜣ).f

     I was an excellent individual, one who spoke with his [own] mouth.

Inflection

Declension of nḏs (masculine)

singular	nḏs
dual	nḏswj
plural	nḏsw

References

• Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1928), Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 2, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 384.8–385.13
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962), A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 145
• Hoch, James (1997), Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 104