servitium

Latin

Etymology

From servus, -itia and -ium.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [sɛrˈwɪ.ti.ũː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [serˈvit.t͡si.um]

Noun

servitium n (genitive servitiī or servitī); second declension

1. slavery, servitude

   Synonyms: servitūs, servitūdō

   Antonym: lībertās

2. slaves (collectively)
3. service
   • et idem Comes de rege per servitium militare
     • And the same Count of the king for military service

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

	singular	plural
nominative	servitium	servitia
genitive	servitiī servitī1	servitiōrum
dative	servitiō	servitiīs
accusative	servitium	servitia
ablative	servitiō	servitiīs
vocative	servitium	servitia

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Descendants

• → Albanian: shërbesë
• Catalan: servici
• Galician: servizo
• Italian: servigio, servizio
• Occitan: servici
• → Old French: servise
  • → Old English: serfis
    • Middle English: servise, cervice, serves, serveys, serveyse, service, serviz, servyce, servys, servyse, serwyse
      • English: service (see there for further descendants)
      • Scots: service
  • French: service
    • → German: Service
    • → Austrian German: Servis
      • → Hungarian: szerviz
  • → Middle Irish: seirbís
    • Irish: seirbhís
    • Scottish Gaelic: seirbheis
  • Norman: service
• Piedmontese: servissi
• Portuguese: serviço
• Romanian: serviciu
• Sicilian: sirbizzu (mostly used at plural)
• Spanish: servicio

References

• “servitium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “servitium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "servitium", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “servitium”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “servitium”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly