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summa

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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See also: Summa, summą, and šumma

English

Etymology

From Latin summa.

Noun

summa (plural summas or summae)

  1. A comprehensive summary of, or treatise on a subject, especially theology or philosophy.
  2. (figuratively) A culmination or archetypal example.
    • 1987, Svetlana Alpers, “The Mapping Impulse in Dutch Art”, in David Woodward, editor, Art and Cartography: Six Historical Essays, page 57:
      In size, scope, and graphic ambition [the map] is a summa of the mapping art of the day, represented in paint by Vermeer.
    • 1993, Franca Falletti, The David and the Accademia Gallery, page 6:
      The painting is a “summa” of the various trends that intertwined and developed during those crucial years of the early sixteenth century in Florence.
    • 1999, Eric Nash, Manhattan Skyscrapers, page 93:
      Rockefeller Center is at once a summa of the Art Deco style, and a look ahead to the Internationalist style that dominated after World War II.

Anagrams

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Estonian

Etymology

From Latin summa.

Noun

summa (genitive summa, partitive summat)

  1. sum

Declension

Declension of summa (type pere)
More information singular, plural ...

Further reading

  • “summa”, in [PSV] Eesti keele põhisõnavara sõnastik [Dictionary of Estonian Basic Vocabulary] (in Estonian) (online version, not updated), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2014
  • “summa”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
  • “summa”, in [ÕS] Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018 [Estonian Spelling Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2018, →ISBN
  • summa in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
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Finnish

Etymology

Ultimately from Latin summa, probably through Swedish summa.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsumːɑ/, [ˈs̠umːɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -umːɑ
  • Syllabification(key): sum‧ma
  • Hyphenation(key): sum‧ma

Noun

summa

  1. sum (result of addition)
  2. (in particular) sum, amount (especially of money)
    Synonyms: rahasumma, potti
  3. (mathematics, uncommon) addition
    Synonyms: yhteenlasku, pluslasku, summaus

Declension

More information nominative, genitive ...
More information first-person singular possessor, singular ...

Derived terms

adjectives
adverbs
verbs
compounds
idioms

Further reading

Anagrams

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Icelandic

Icelandic Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia is

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin summa (“sum, summary, total”).

Pronunciation

Noun

summa f (genitive singular summu, nominative plural summur)

  1. (arithmetic) a sum; (a quantity obtained by addition or aggregation)

Declension

More information singular, plural ...

Derived terms

  • bein summa (“direct sum”)
  • dálksamtala (“column total”)
  • dálksumma (“column total”)
  • deilasumma (“divisor sum”)
  • dulritunargátsumma (“cryptographic checksum”)
  • dulritunarprófsumma (“cryptographic checksum”)
  • ferningasumma (“sum of squares”)
  • ferningssumma frávika (“deviance”)
  • gátsumma (“checksum”)
  • heildarsumma (“grand total, total, total sum”)
  • hjátrefjasumma (“cofibred sum”)
  • hlutsumma (“partial sum”)
  • hornasumma (“angle sum”)
  • liðun í beina summu (“direct decomposition”)
  • línusamtala (“row total”)
  • línusumma (“row total”)
  • lokasumma (“total, total sum”)
  • núllsummuleikur (“zero-sum game”)
  • prófsumma (“checksum”)
  • summuaðferð (“method of summation”)
  • summuferill (“ogive”)
  • summumyndum (“summation”)
  • summumyndunaraðferð (“method of summation”)
  • summustúfur (“partial sum”)
  • summutákn (“summation sign”)
  • trefjasumma (“cofibred sum”)
  • tvíveldasumma (“sum of squares”)
  • tætisumma (“hash total”)
  • undirsumma (“lower sum”)
  • vigursumma (“resultant vector, vectorial sum”)
  • víxlmerkjasumma (“alternating sum”)
  • yfirsumma (“upper sum”)
  • þversumma (“digit sum, transverse sum”)
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Ingrian

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian сумма (summa).

Pronunciation

Noun

summa

  1. sum, amount
  2. (arithmetic) sum (result of an addition)
    • 1937, N. S. Popova, translated by Mihailov and D. I. Efimov, Arifmetiikan oppikirja alkușkouluja vart (kolmas osa), Leningrad: Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 8:
      Cislaa 132 kutsutaa summaks, a cisloja 38, 36, 32 ja 26 — lisättäviks.
      The number 132 is called the sum, and the numbers 38, 36, 32 and 26 are called the summands.

Declension

More information Declension of (type 3/koira, no gradation), singular ...

Derived terms

References

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 550
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Latin

Etymology 1

From summus, superlative of superus (“upper, higher”).

Pronunciation

Noun

summa f (genitive summae); first declension

  1. top, summit, highest point or place
  2. the principal or main thing
  3. (also mathematics) sum, summary, total
  4. (Medieval Latin) the quarter, an English unit of weight and volume equal to ¼ ton or tun or 8 bushels
    • c. 1300, Tractatus de Ponderibus et Mensuris:
      Saccus lane debet ponderare viginti & octo petras & solebat ponderare unam summam frumenti
      A sack of wool ought to weigh twenty & eight stone & is accustomed to weigh one quarter of wheat.
Declension

First-declension noun.

More information singular, plural ...
Derived terms
Descendants

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Adjective

summa

  1. inflection of summus:
    1. nominative/vocative feminine singular
    2. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural

Adjective

summā

  1. ablative feminine singular of summus

Etymology 3

From summum (“highest place”), from summus, superlative of superus (“upper, higher”).

Pronunciation

Noun

summa

  1. nominative/accusative/vocative plural of summum

References

  • “summa”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “summa”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • "summa", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • “summa”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to live to a very great age: ad summam senectutem pervenire
    • to be reduced to (abject) poverty: ad egestatem, ad inopiam (summam omnium rerum) redigi
    • to attain to the highest eminence: ad summam auctoritatem pervenire
    • to become famous, distinguish oneself: gloriam colligere, in summam gloriam venire
    • to dwell only on the main points: res summas attingere
    • to be plunged into the depths of despair: ad (summam) desperationem pervenire, adduci (B. C. 2. 42)
    • to rouse a person's expectation, curiosity to the highest pitch: aliquem in summam exspectationem adducere (Tusc. 1. 17. 39)
    • to compute the total of anything: summam facere alicuius rei
    • to elevate to the highest dignity: aliquem ad summam dignitatem perducere (B. G. 7. 39)
    • to confer supreme power on a person: imperium, rerum summam deferre alicui
    • to be commander-in-chief: imperii summam tenere (Rep. 2. 28)
    • to be commander-in-chief: imperii summae praeesse
    • to appoint some one commander-in-chief: imperii summam deferre alicui or ad aliquem, tradere alicui
    • to sum up..: ut eorum, quae dixi, summam faciam
    • (ambiguous) the surface of the water: summa aqua
    • (ambiguous) in the height of summer, depth of winter: summa aestate, hieme
    • (ambiguous) to be entirely destitute; to be a beggar: in summa egestate or mendicitate esse
    • (ambiguous) to be bound by the closest ties of friendship: artissimo amicitiae vinculo or summa familiaritate cum aliquo coniunctum esse
    • (ambiguous) to be in a dignified position: dignitas est summa in aliquo
    • (ambiguous) to be in a dignified position: summa dignitate praeditum esse
    • (ambiguous) to praise, extol, commend a person: (maximis, summis) laudibus efferre aliquem or aliquid
    • (ambiguous) to have reached the highest pinnacle of eminence: summa gloria florere
    • (ambiguous) ideal perfection: absolutio et perfectio (not summa perfectio)
    • (ambiguous) the learned men are most unanimous in..: summa est virorum doctissimorum consensio (opp. dissensio)
    • (ambiguous) to honour the gods with all due ceremonial (very devoutly): deum rite (summa religione) colere
    • (ambiguous) to stand in very intimate relations to some one: summa necessitudine aliquem contingere
    • (ambiguous) to be in severe pecuniary straits: in summa difficultate nummaria versari (Verr. 2. 28. 69)
    • (ambiguous) the welfare of the state: summa res publica (or summa rei publicae)
    • (ambiguous) to proceed against some one with the utmost rigour of the law; to strain the law in one's favour: summo iure agere cum aliquo (cf. summum ius, summa iniuria)
    • (ambiguous) the command-in-chief: summa belli, imperii (B. G. 2. 4. 7)
    • (ambiguous) deep peace: summa pax
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Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

Verb

summa

  1. inflection of summe:
    1. simple past
    2. past participle

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin summa.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsum.ma/
  • Rhymes: -umma
  • Syllabification: sum‧ma

Noun

summa f

  1. (historical) summa (medieval didactics literary genre written in Latin, born during the 12th century, and popularized in 13th century Europe)
  2. summa (comprehensive summary of, or treatise on a subject, especially theology or philosophy)
    Synonym: podsumowanie
  3. summa (culmination or archetypal example)

Declension

Declension of summa
More information singular, plural ...

Further reading

  • summa in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • summa in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • summa in PWN's encyclopedia
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Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin summa.

Pronunciation

  • Audio:(file)

Noun

summa c

  1. sum, result of addition
  2. amount of money

Declension

More information nominative, genitive ...

Derived terms

Further reading

Anagrams

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