tuberculosis

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:

tuberculosis

Wikipedia

Etymology

To international scientific vocabulary from New Latin tūberculōsis, from Latin tūberculum (diminutive of tūber (“lump”)) +‎ Latin -ōsis (“diseased condition”); by surface analysis, tubercul(um) +‎ -osis; named for the encapsulated colonies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis within the lungs in pulmonary tuberculosis, which can look like small tubers (tubercles) on gross pathology. The disease has existed throughout human experience and had other names for millennia before scientific medicine renamed it with a New Latin term in the mid-19th century (1840s); in English it was called consumption because of the wasting away that consumed health and seemed even to consume flesh in some cases (for example, causing fistulas and tissue breakdown).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /tʃuːˌbɜː(ɹ)kjʊˈləʊsɪs/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /tjuːˌbɜː(ɹ)kjʊˈləʊsɪs/

  • Audio (Southern England):

    (file)

• (General American) IPA^(key): /tuˌbɚkjʊˈloʊsɪs/
• Rhymes: -əʊsɪs

Noun

tuberculosis (countable and uncountable, plural tuberculoses)

2. (pathology) An infectious disease of humans and animals caused by a species of mycobacterium, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis, mainly infecting the lungs where it causes tubercles characterized by the expectoration of mucus and sputum, fever, weight loss, and chest pain, and transmitted through inhalation or ingestion of bacteria. [from 1839]
   • 2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan (2020), page 380:

     With smallpox gone, tuberculosis is today the deadliest infectious disease on the planet.

Synonyms

• consumption
• phthisic
• TB (abbreviation)
• white death
• white man's plague
• white plague

Derived terms

• antituberculosis
• epituberculosis
• MDR-TB
• miliary tuberculosis
• neurotuberculosis
• nontuberculosis
• paratuberculosis
• pseudotuberculosis
• pulmonary tuberculosis
• silicotuberculosis
• tuberculostatic
• tuberculotic
• XDR-TB

Related terms

• DR-TB
• DS-TB
• MDR-TB
• Mtb
• XDR-TB

Descendants

• Tok Pisin: tubakulosis

Translations

infectious disease

Albanian: ndishk (sq) m, tuberkuloz (sq) m Arabic: سُلّ (ar) m (sull) Egyptian Arabic: سل m (sill) Aramaic: Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: שַׁחְפּוּתָא f (šaḥpūṯā) Jewish Palestinian Aramaic: שחפיתה Samaritan Aramaic: ࠔࠇࠐࠄ (šḥfh) Armenian: թոքախտ (tʻokʻaxt), տուբերկուլյոզ (hy) (tuberkulyoz), պալարախտ (hy) (palaraxt) Asturian: tuberculosis f Azerbaijani: vərəm Belarusian: сухо́ты f pl (suxóty), туберкулёз m (tubjerkuljóz) Bulgarian: туберкуло́за f (tuberkulóza) Catalan: tuberculosi (ca) f Cebuano: tuberkulosis, itika Central Atlas Tamazight: ⵜⵓⵔⵉⵏ (turin) Cherokee: ᎤᎬᎲᎣᎵᏗ (ugvhvolidi) Chinese: Cantonese: 肺癆 / 肺痨 (fai3 lou4) Mandarin: 結核 / 结核 (zh) (jiéhé), 肺結核 / 肺结核 (zh) (fèijiéhé), 結核病 / 结核病 (zh) (jiéhébìng) Classical Syriac: ܫܢܵܩܵܐ m (šənāqā) Cornish: pla gwynn m Czech: tuberkulóza (cs) f, souchotiny (cs) f pl, úbytě (cs) f pl Danish: tuberkulose c Dutch: tuberculose (nl), tering (nl), tbc (nl) Esperanto: tuberkulozo (eo) Faroese: tuberklar m pl, tuberklasjúka f, bróstsjúka f Finnish: tuberkuloosi (fi), keuhkotuberkuloosi French: tuberculose (fr) f Galician: tuberculose (gl) f German: Tuberkulose (de) f Greek: φυματίωση (el) f (fymatíosi) Gujarati: ક્ષયરોગ m (kṣayarog), ઘાસણી f (ghāsṇī), યક્ષ્મા m (yakṣmā), ક્ષય (gu) m (kṣaya) Hebrew: שחפת (he) f (shakhéfet) Hindi: यक्ष्मा (hi) f (yakṣmā), क्षयी (hi) f (kṣayī), तपेदिक (hi) m (tapedik), तपेदिक़ m (tapediq), काली खाँसी f (kālī khā̃sī) Hungarian: tuberkulózis (hu) Icelandic: berklar (is) m pl Ilocano: sarut, daig Indonesian: tuberkulosis (id) Interlingua: tuberculose, tuberculosis Irish: créachta f, an eitinn f Italian: tubercolosi (it) f Japanese: 結核 (ja) (けっかく, kekkaku) Kalmyk: садв (sadv) Kannada: ಕ್ಷಯ (kn) (kṣaya) Kashubian: sëchòtë f pl, płëcnô żaba f (regional) Kazakh: туберкулёз (tuberkulez) Khmer: របេង (km) (rɔbeeng) Korean: 결핵 (ko) (gyeolhaek) Kurdish: Central Kurdish: دەردەباریکە (derdebarîke), بِنێس (binês), سیل (sîl) Northern Kurdish: êşa zirav (ku) f, êşa zirav (ku), jana zirav (ku) Southern Kurdish: دەردەباریکە (derdebarîke), باریکی (ku) (barîkî), سڵ (sill) Latin: phthisis f, (New Latin) tūberculōsis f Lithuanian: tuberkuliozė f, džiova f Macedonian: туберкулоза f (tuberkuloza) Malay: batuk kering (ms), tuberkulosis Malayalam: ക്ഷയം (ml) (kṣayaṁ) Maori: mate kohi Mokilese: limengmeng Mongolian: Cyrillic: сүръеэ (sürʺjee) Mongolian: ᠰᠦᠷᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ (süriy-e) Navajo: jéíʼádįįh Nepali: क्षयरोग (ne) (kṣayarog) Newar: गंल्वय् (gaṃlwaê) Norman: conseunmtion f Occitan: tuberculòsi (oc) f Ottoman Turkish: ورم (verem) Palauan: haibio Persian: سل (fa) (sell), تب دق sg (tab-e deq), رنج باریک sg (ranj-e bārīk) (archaic), تب لازم sg (tab-e lāzem), تب استخوانی sg (tab-e ostoxānī) Piedmontese: tubercolòsi f Plautdietsch: Schwindsucht f Polish: gruźlica (pl) f, tuberkuloza (pl) f, suchoty (pl) pl Portuguese: tuberculose (pt) f Romanian: tuberculoză (ro) f Russian: туберкулёз (ru) m (tuberkuljóz), чахо́тка (ru) f (čaxótka) (dated) Samogitian: džiuova f Sanskrit: क्षयरोग (sa) (kṣayaroga), यक्ष्मा (sa) f (yakṣmā) Santali: ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱸᱥ (sahãs) Scottish Gaelic: a' chaitheamh f Serbo-Croatian: Cyrillic: туберкулоза f, грудобоља f, сушица f Roman: tuberkuloza (sh) f, grudobolja (sh) f, sušica (sh) f, jektika (sh) f Slovak: tuberkulóza (sk) f, suchoty (sk) f pl, ftíza f Slovene: jetika (sl) f, tuberkuloza (sl) f Sorbian: Lower Sorbian: tuberkuloza f Upper Sorbian: tuberkuloza f Spanish: tuberculosis (es) f Swahili: kifua kikuu (sw) Swedish: tuberkulos (sv) Tagalog: tuberkulosis, sigam, pagkatuyo, tuyo Tamil: காச நோய் (kāca nōy), காசம் (ta) (kācam), என்புருக்கி (ta) (eṉpurukki), எலும்புருக்கி (ta) (elumpurukki) Telugu: క్షయ (te) (kṣaya) Thai: วัณโรค (th) (wan-ná-rôok) Tibetan: གློ་ནད (glo nad) Tocharian B: kṣai Tok Pisin: tibi, tubakulosis Turkish: tüberküloz (tr), verem (tr) Ukrainian: туберкульо́з (uk) m (tuberkulʹóz) Urdu: یکشما (yakṣmā) Vietnamese: bệnh lao Volapük: ftisid (vo) Welsh: twbercwlosis m, diciâu m Yiddish: טובערקולאָז m (tuberkuloz), סוכאָטע f (sukhote), דער f (der)

See also

• Burkholderia gladioli

Asturian

Noun

tuberculosis f (uncountable)

1. (pathology) tuberculosis (infectious disease)

Interlingua

Noun

tuberculosis (uncountable)

1. alternative form of tuberculose

Latin

Etymology 1

tūberculum +‎ -ōsis

Noun

tūberculōsis f (genitive tūberculōsis or tūberculōseōs or tūberculōsios); third declension

1. (New Latin, pathology) tuberculosis

Declension

Third-declension noun (Greek-type, i-stem).

	singular	plural
nominative	tūberculōsis	tūberculōsēs tūberculōseis
genitive	tūberculōsis tūberculōseōs tūberculōsios	tūberculōsium
dative	tūberculōsī	tūberculōsibus
accusative	tūberculōsim tūberculōsin tūberculōsem1	tūberculōsēs tūberculōsīs
ablative	tūberculōsī tūberculōse1	tūberculōsibus
vocative	tūberculōsis tūberculōsi	tūberculōsēs tūberculōseis

¹Found sometimes in Medieval and New Latin.

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective

tūberculōsīs

1. dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of tūberculōsus