v.

See also: Appendix:Variations of "v"

Translingual

Alternative forms

• V.

Etymology

Abbreviation of Latin vēna (“vein”).

Noun

v. (plural vv.)

1. (anatomy) vein

English

Etymology 1

Abbreviations.

Adverb

v. (not comparable)

1. Abbreviation of very.

Noun

v. (uncountable)

1. Abbreviation of version.
2. Abbreviation of verb.
3. Abbreviation of verst.
   • 1868, “Route 25: London to Pekin […] ”, in Handbook for Travellers in Russia, Poland, and Finland, 2nd edition, London: John Murray, page 329:

     Three stages beyond Irkutsk is Listvenitchnaya, the place of embarkation for the lake of Baikal (112 v. wide and 1800 v. long), which is crossed in a steamer, and from which passengers are landed in small boats. Fare, 8 rs. In winter the lake is crossed over the ice.

4. Abbreviation of victim.

Preposition

v.

1. (law, sports) Abbreviation of versus.

   Synonyms: vs., (law) v

   Brown v. Board of Education

   • 2025 March 4, John Fritze, “Supreme Court wades into decades-old impasse over how to store nuclear waste”, in CNN‎:

     Two questions are at issue in the case, NRC v. Texas.

Usage notes

• In legal contexts, usage is typically restricted to case citations, and the pronunciation may be as versus, vee, against, or and, depending on the region and nature of the case.

Verb

v.

1. (uncommon, imperative) See. vide(te)

Etymology 2

From Latin versus (“verse”).

Noun

v. (plural vv.)

1. verse

See also

• v. a.

Albanian

Noun

v.

1. abbreviation of vit (“year”)

Dutch

Adjective

v.

1. (grammar) abbreviation of vrouwelijk (“feminine”)

Preposition

v.

1. abbreviation of van, in surnames

Finnish

Noun

v.

1. abbreviation of vuosi (“year”)
2. abbreviation of vuotta (“(of the) year”)
3. abbreviation of vuonna (“in/during the year”)
4. abbreviation of vuosina (“during the years”)

   Synonym: (dated) vv.

Adjective

v.

1. abbreviation of vuotias (“year-old”)

Usage notes

Only the final abbreviation (of vuotias) can be pronounced as vee (“(the letter) V”), but even then only colloquially. All other abbreviations are always pronounced as the full word.

German

Pronunciation

• Audio (Germany (Berlin)):

  (file)

Preposition

v.

1. abbreviation of von
2. abbreviation of vom
3. abbreviation of vor

Romanian

Verb

v.

1. abbreviation of vezi (“see”)

Serbo-Croatian

Verb

v. (Cyrillic spelling в.)

1. abbreviation of vidi (“see”)

Noun

v. (Cyrillic spelling в.)

1. abbreviation of vek/vijek (“century”)

Swedish

Noun

v. c or n

1. (common) abbreviation of vecka (“week, calendar week”)

   Meny v. 43

   Menu week 43

2. (common) abbreviation of version (“version”)

   v. 1.02.3

   Version 1.02.3

3. (neuter) abbreviation of verb (“verb”)

   springa (v.), röra sig snabbt

   run (verb), to move quickly

4. (common) abbreviation of väg (“road”) or vägen (“the [...] road”)

   K. Erikssons v.

   K. Eriksson's Road

   Söderbrov.

   The South Bridge Road

Usage notes

• Regarding väg and vägen: generally, road names can be assumed to use the definite form (vägen (“the [...] road”)). An exception usually occurs when the name includes a genitive modifier (e.g. K. Erikssons), in which case the indefinite form (väg (“road”)) is typically used.

Preposition

v.

1. abbreviation of vid (“by”)

   finns v. S:a Vrå k:a

   found by South Vrå church

2. abbreviation of von (“von”)

   Carl v. Linné

   Carl von Linné

Adjective

v. (not comparable)

1. abbreviation of vice (“vice-”)

   v. VD

   vice-president