The Jaff tribe, is one of the largest Kurdish tribal confederation, The Jaf tribes of Iraq were used to be called Muradi while those of Iran where called Javānrudi. Their heartland is between Sulaymaniyah to Sanandaj. The Jaff tribes predominantly adheres to the Shafi'i school with many Naqshbandi and Qadiriyya followers. It is a dynasty, that originated in the year 1114 by Zaher Beg Jaff, other important leaders were Mohamed Pasha Jaff, Lady Adela, Osman Pasha Jaff and Mahmud Pasha Jaff, their ancestral home is Sherwana Castle. The Ottoman Empire bestowed on them the name Pasha, a noble title, in the 1700s. They are the biggest Kurdish tribe in the Middle East with approximately 4 million people and they speak Babani Sorani.