Pelalawan is a regency (kabupaten) of Riau Province, Indonesia. It is located on the island of Sumatra. The regency was created on 4 October 1999 as a result of the division of Kampar Regency, of which it was previously the eastern 43%. It now has an area of 13,408.72 km2 and had a population of 301,829 at the 2010 Census and 390,046 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 434,590. The administrative centre is in the large town of Pangkalan Kerinci.