Anexo:Estrellas más cercanas
artículo de lista de Wikimedia / De Wikipedia, la enciclopedia encyclopedia
Esta lista de las estrellas más cercanas a la Tierra está ordenada por distancia creciente hasta un máximo de 5 pársecs (16,3 años luz). Hay que tener en cuenta que, a medida que observamos estrellas más lejanas, los márgenes de error se incrementan. Lo normal es que el error relativo supere el 2 %. Incluyendo al Sol, se conocen actualmente 66 estrellas que conforman 50 sistemas estelares dentro del volumen considerado.
Las estrellas con magnitud aparente mayor que aproximadamente 6,5 no pueden ser vistas sin ayuda instrumental, y son las que en la tabla tienen fondo de color gris oscuro. El tipo espectral de cada estrella clase estelar se muestra con un fondo de color apropiado en la columna encabezada «clase estelar». Los datos de paralaje con fondo rojo significa que son solo mediciones preliminares.
# | Designación | Clase estelar[1]** | m | M | Teff | AR | Dec | Paralaje (arcsec) | Distancia años luz (± error)[2] | Fuentes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sistema | Estrella | ||||||||||
1 | Sol | G2V | −26.72 | 4.85 | 5785 | – | – | 180° | 0.0000158125 (8 minutos luz y 19.005 segundos luz) |
||
2 | Alfa Centauri | Próxima Centauri (V645 Centauri) | M5.5Ve | 11.01 | 15.53 | 2670 | 14 h 29 m 43 s | −62°40′46″ | 0.768 9(0 3)″ | 4.2420(16) | [3][4][5] |
Alfa Centauri A (Rigil Kentaurus; Toliman) | G2V | −0.01 | 4.38 | 5800 | 14 h 39 m 37 s | −60°50′2″ | 0.747 2(1 2)″ | 4.3649(69) | [6][4] | ||
Alfa Centauri B (HD 128621) | K0V | 1.35 | 5.71 | 5300 | 14 h 39 m 35 s | −60°50′14″ | |||||
3 | Estrella de Barnard (BD+04°3561a) | M4.0Ve | 9.53 | 13.22 | 3134 | 17 h 57 m 48 s | +04°41′36″ | 0.547 0(1 0)″ | 5.9629(110) | [3][4] | |
4 | Luhman 16 | Luhman 16A | L8±1[7] | 10.7 J | - | 10 h 49 m 15.57 s | −53°19′06″ | 0.495 (5)[8] | 6.59(7) | ||
Luhman 16B | T1±2[7] | – | |||||||||
5 | WISE 0855-0714 | Y | – | – | – | 08 h 55 m 10.83 s | -07°14′42.5″ | – | 7.2(6) | [9] | |
6 | Wolf 359 (CN Leonis) | M6.0V | 13.44 | 16.55 | 3500 | 10 h 56 m 28 s | +07°00′42″ | 0.419 1(2 1)″ | 7.7823(390) | [4] | |
7 | Lalande 21185 (BD+36°2147) | M2.0V | 7.47 | 10.44 | 3400 | 11 h 00 m 37 s | +36°18′20″ | 0.393 4(0 7)″ | 8.2903(148) | [3][4] | |
8 | Sirio | Sirio A (α Canis Majoris) | A1V | −1.47 | 1.48 | 9900 | 06 h 45 m 09 s | −16°42′58″ | 0.380 0(1 3)″ | 8.5826(290) | [3][4] |
Sirio B | DA2 | 8.44 | 11.34 | 25200 | |||||||
9 | Luyten 726-8 | UV Ceti (L 726-8 B) | M5.5Ve | 12.54 | 15.40 | ~2700 | 01 h 39 m 01 s | −17°57′00″ | 0.373 7(2 7)″ | 8.7278(631) | [4] |
BL Ceti (L 726-8 A) | M6.0Ve | 12.99 | 15.85 | ~2600 | |||||||
10 | Ross 154 (V1216 Sagittarii) | M3.5Ve | 10.43 | 13.07 | ~2700 | 18 h 49 m 49 s | −23°50′11″ | 0.336 9(1 8)″ | 9.6811(512) | [3][4] | |
11 | Ross 248 (HH Andromedae) | M5.5Ve | 12.29 | 14.79 | - | 23 h 41 m 54 s | +44°09′32″ | 0.316 0(1 1)″ | 10.321(36) | [4] | |
12 | Ran (Épsilon Eridani) | K2V | 3.73 | 6.19 | 5100 | 03 h 32 m 56 s | −09°27′30″ | 0.310 0(0 8)″ | 10.522(27) | [3][4] | |
13 | Lacaille 9352 (CD-36°15693) | M1.5Ve | 7.34 | 9.75 | 3340 | 23 h 05 m 42 s | −35°51′11″ | 0.303 6(0 9)″ | 10.742(31) | [3][4] | |
14 | Ross 128 (FI Virginis) | M4.0Vn | 11.13 | 13.51 | - | 11 h 47 m 45 s | +00°48′17″ | 0.298 7(1 4)″ | 10.918(50) | [3][4] | |
15 | EZ Aquarii | EZ Aquarii (L 0789-006) | M5.0Ve | 13.33 | 15.64 | - | 22 h 38 m 34 s | −15°18′02″ | 0.289 5(4 4)″ | 11.266(172) | [4] |
Gl 866 B | M? | 13.27 | 15.58 | - | |||||||
Gl 866 C | M? | 14.03 | 16.34 | - | |||||||
16 | Procyon | Procyon A (α Canis Minoris) | F5V-IV | 0.38 | 2.66 | - | 07 h 39 m 18 s | +05°13′30″ | 0.286 1(0 9)″ | 11.402(33) | [3][4] |
Procyon B | DA | 10.7 | 12.98 | - | |||||||
17 | 61 Cygni | 61 Cygni A (BD+38°4343) | K5.0V | 5.21 | 7.49 | - | 21 h 08 m 52 s | +38°56′51″ | 0.286 0(0 6)″ | 11.402(23) | [3][4] |
61 Cygni B (BD+38°4344) | K7.0V | 6.03 | 8.31 | - | |||||||
18 | Struve 2398 | Struve 2398 A (GJ 725 A, BD+59°1915) | M3.0V | 8.90 | 11.16 | - | 18 h 42 m 47 s | +59°37′50″ | 0.283 0(1 7)″ | 11.525(69) | [3][4] |
Struve 2398 B (HD 173740) | M3.5V | 9.69 | 11.95 | - | |||||||
19 | Groombridge 34 | Gl 15 A (GX Andromedae) | M1.5V | 8.08 | 10.32 | - | 0 h 18 m 24 s | +44°1′24″ | 0.280 6(1 0)″ | 11.624(40) | [3][4] |
Gl 15 B (GQ Andromedae) | M3.5V | 11.06 | 13.30 | - | |||||||
20 | Épsilon Indi (CP−57°10015) | K5Ve | 4.69 | 6.89 | - | 22 h 03 m 22 s | −56°47′10″ | 0.275 8(0 7)″ | 11.824(30) | [3][4] | |
21 | DX Cancri (G051-015) | M6.5Ve | 14.78 | 16.98 | - | 08 h 29 m 50 s | +26°46′37″ | 0.275 8(3 0)″ | 11.826(129) | [4] | |
22 | Tau Ceti (BD−16°295) | G8Vp | 3.49 | 5.68 | - | 01 h 44 m 04 s | −15°56′15″ | 0.274 4(0 8)″ | 11.887(33) | [3][4] | |
23 | GJ 1061 (LHS 1565) | M5.5V | 13.03 | 15.19 | - | 03 h 35 m 57 s | −44°30′46″ | 0.272 0(1 3)″ | 11.991(58) | ||
24 | YZ Ceti (LHS 138) | M4.5V | 12.02 | 14.17 | - | 01 h 12 m 31 s | −16°59′57″ | 0.268 8(3 0)″ | 12.132(14) | [3][4] | |
25 | Estrella de Luyten (BD+05°1668) | M3.5Vn | 9.86 | 11.97 | - | 07 h 27 m 25 s | +05°13′33″ | 0.263 8(1 3)″ | 12.366(59) | [3][4] | |
26 | Estrella de Teegarden (SO025300.5+165258) | M6.5V | 15.40 | 18.50 | - | 02 h 53 m 01 s | +16°52′58″ | 0.260 6(2 7)″ | 12.514(130) | [10] | |
27 | SCR 1845-6357 | M8.5V | 17.39 | 19.41 | - | 18 h 45 m 03 s | −63°57′48″ | 0.259 5(1 2)″ | 12.571(54) | [10] | |
28 | Estrella de Kapteyn (CD−45°1841) | M1.5V | 8.84 | 10.87 | - | 05 h 11 m 41 s | −45°01′06″ | 0.255 3(0 9)″ | 12.777(44) | [3][4] | |
29 | Lacaille 8760 (AX Microscopii) | M0.0V | 6.67 | 8.69 | - | 21 h 17 m 15 s | −38°52′03″ | 0.253 4(1 2)″ | 12.870(57) | [3][4] | |
30 | Kruger 60 | Kruger 60 A (BD+56°2783) | M3.0V | 9.79 | 11.76 | - | 22 h 28 m 00 s | +57°41′45″ | 0.248 1(1 4)″ | 13.148(74) | [6][4] |
Kruger 60 B (DO Cephei) | M4.0V | 11.41 | 13.38 | - | |||||||
31 | DEN 1048-3956 | M8.5 V | 17.39 | 19.37 | - | 10 h 48 m 15 s | −39°56′06″ | 0.247 7(1 6)″ | 13.167(83) | [10] | |
32 | Ross 614 | Ross 614 (LHS 1849) | M4.5V | 11.15 | 13.09 | - | 06 h 29 m 23 s | −02°48′50″ | 0.244 3(2 1)″ | 13.348(110) | [6][4] |
Gl 234 B (V577 Monocerotis) | M5.5V | 14.23 | 16.17 | - | |||||||
33 | Gl 628 (Wolf 1061, BD−12°4523) | M3.0V | 10.07 | 11.93 | - | 16 h 30 m 18 s | −12°39′45″ | 0.236 0(1 7)″ | 13.820(98) | [3][4] | |
34 | Estrella de Van Maanen (Gl 35, LHS 7) | DZ7 | 12.38 | 14.21 | - | 00 h 49 m 10 s | +05°23′19″ | 0.231 9(1 8)″ | 14.066(109) | [3][4] | |
35 | Gl 1 (CD−37°15492) | M3.0V | 8.55 | 10.35 | - | 00 h 05 m 24 s | −37°21′27″ | 0.229 2(1 1)″ | 14.230(67) | [3][4] | |
36 | Wolf 424 | Wolf 424 A (LHS 333) | M5.5Ve | 13.18 | 14.97 | - | 17 h 33 m 17 s | +09°01′15″ | 0.227 9(4 6)″ | 14.311(289) | [4] |
Gl 473 B (FL Virginis) | M7Ve | 13.17 | 14.96 | - | |||||||
37 | TZ Arietis (GJ 83.1, Luyten 1159-16) | M4.5V | 12.27 | 14.03 | - | 02 h 00 m 13 s | +13°03′08″ | 0.224 8(2 9)″ | 14.509(188) | [4] | |
38 | Gl 687 (LHS 450, BD+68°946) | M3.0V | 9.17 | 10.89 | - | 17 h 36 m 26 s | +68°20′21″ | 0.220 5(0 9)″ | 14.792(55) | [3][4] | |
39 | LHS 292 (LP 731-58) | M6.5V | 15.60 | 17.32 | - | 10 h 48 m 13 s | −11°20′02″ | 0.220 3(3 6)″ | 14.805(243) | [4] | |
40 | Gl 674 (LHS 449) | M3.0V | 9.38 | 11.09 | - | 17 h 28 m 40 s | −46°53′43″ | 0.220 3(1 6)″ | 14.808(107) | [3][4] | |
41 | GJ 1245 (V1581 Cygni) | GJ 1245 A | M5.5V | 13.46 | 15.17 | - | 19 h 53 m 54 s | −44°24′55″ | 0.220 2(1 0)″ | 14.812(68) | [4] |
GJ 1245 B | M6.0V | 14.01 | 15.72 | - | 19 h 53 m 55 s | −44°24′56″ | |||||
GJ 1245 C | M? | 16.75 | 18.46 | - | 19 h 53 m 54 s | −44°24′55″ | |||||
42 | GJ 440 (WD 1142-645) | DQ6 | 11.50 | 13.18 | - | 11 h 45 m 43 s | −64°50′29″ | 0.216 6(2 1)″ | 15.060(140) | [3][4] | |
43 | GJ 1002 | M5.5V | 13.76 | 15.40 | - | 00 h 06 m 44 s | −07°32′22″ | 0.213 0(3 6)″ | 15.313(259) | [4] | |
44 | Ross 780 (GJ 876) | M3.5V | 10.17 | 11.81 | - | 22 h 53 m 17 s | −14°15′49″ | 0.212 6(2 0)″ | 15.342(142) | [3][4] | |
45 | LHS 288 (Luyten 143-23) | M5.5V | 13.92 | 15.66 | - | 10 h 44 m 32 s | −61°11′38″ | 0.209 0(2 8)″ | 15.609(204) | ||
46 | GJ 412 | GJ 412 A | M1.0V | 8.77 | 10.34 | - | 11 h 05 m 29 s | +43°31′36″ | 0.206 0(1 1)″ | 15.831(83) | [3][4] |
WX Ursae Majoris | M5.5V | 14.48 | 16.05 | - | 11 h 05 m 30 s | +43°31′18″ | |||||
47 | Groombridge 1618 (GJ 380) | K7.0V | 6.59 | 8.16 | - | 10 h 11 m 22 s | +49°27′15″ | 0.205 8(0 7)″ | 15.847(52) | [3][4] | |
48 | GJ 388 | M3.0V | 9.32 | 10.87 | - | 10 h 19 m 36 s | +19°52′10″ | 0.204 6(2 8)″ | 15.941(219) | [4] | |
49 | GJ 832 | M3.0V | 8.66 | 10.20 | - | 21 h 33 m 34 s | −49°00′32″ | 0.202 8(1 4)″ | 16.084(105) | [3][4] | |
50 | LP 944-020 | M9.0V | 18.50 | 20.02 | - | 03 h 39 m 35 s | −35°25′41″ | 0.201 4(4 2)″ | 16.194(338) | [11] | |
51 | DEN 0255-4700 | L7.5V | 22.92 | 24.44 | - | 02 h 55 m 3.7 s | −47°00′52″ | 0.201 4(3 9)″ | 16.197(314) | [10] | |
52 | GJ 682 | M4.5V | 10.95 | 12.45 | - | 17 h 37 m 04 s | −44°19′09″ | 0.199 7(2 3)″ | 16.336(189) | [3][4] | |
# | Designación | Clase estelar[1] | m | M | Teff | AR | Dec | Paralaje (arcsec) | Distancia (años luz)[2] | Fuentes | |
Sistema | Estrella |