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In optics, orange has a wavelength between approximately 585 and 620 nm and a hue of 30° in HSV color space. In the RGB color space it is a secondary color numerically halfway between gamma-compressed red and yellow, as can be seen in the RGB color wheel. The complementary color of orange is azure. Orange pigments are largely in the ochre or cadmium families, and absorb mostly blue light.
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Varieties of the color orange may differ in hue, chroma (also called saturation, intensity, or colorfulness) or lightness (or value, tone, or brightness), or in two or three of these qualities. Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being an orange or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black. A large selection of these various colors is shown below.
In a color proximity sense, a primary color has a color range of 120° (60° on each side of the color's hue) and any color has to be within that range to be considered a variation of that color. Secondary colors have a color range of 60° (30°), tertiary colors have a color range of 30° (15°), quaternary colors have a color range of 15° (7.5°), quinary colors have a color range of 7.5° (3.75°), and so on. Because orange is located at a hue angle of 30°, it has a tertiary color range of 15° and 45°, and any color out of this range is more related to yellow or red than orange. If the visible spectrum is wrapped to form a color wheel, orange appears midway between rose and chartreuse, or between red and yellow::
chartreuse |
yellow |
orange |
red |
rose |
At right is the color orange, also known as color wheel orange. This is the tone of orange that is a pure chroma on the HSV color wheel, the expression of which is known as the RGB color wheel, exactly halfway between red and yellow. The complementary color of orange is azure.
At right is the web color called orange. It is defined in CSS as the hex triplet FFA500.
The web color called dark orange is at the right.
Safety Orange#FF7900
#FF7900
Safety orange (also known as blaze orange, and a number of other names) was defined in ANSI standard Z535.1–1998 and is commonly used in a wide variety of contexts to warn of hazards, including: high-viz clothing, road cones, and as the background color in safety warning notices.
International Orange
(Aerospace)#FF4F00
#FF4F00
A shade of orange known as International orange is used in the aerospace industry to set objects apart from their surroundings, similar to Safety orange, but deeper and with a more reddish tone. It was the color used for the Space Shuttle pressure suits.
The tone of international orange used to paint the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, California is slightly lighter than the standard International orange used by military contractors and in engineering (shown below), thus increasing its visibility to ships. The 25 de Abril Bridge in Lisbon, Portugal also uses this color.[2]
At right is displayed the color that is called orange in Pantone.
The source of this color is the "Pantone Textile Paper eXtended (TPX)" color list, color #021 TPX—Orange.[5]
At right is displayed the color that is called orange by Crayola.
Orange was one of the original colors formulated by Crayola in 1903.
Displayed at right is the web color papaya whip, a pale tint of orange.
Papaya whip is a representation of the color that would result if mashed papayas were blended with vanilla ice cream, whipped cream, or yogurt.[butuh rujukan]
At right is displayed the color peach.
The first recorded use of peach as a color name in English was in 1588.[8]
Displayed at right is the color light orange.
This color was formulated for Crayola colored pencils.
At right is displayed the color apricot.
Apricot has been in use as a color name since 1851.[11]
Displayed at right is the color atomic tangerine.
This color was formulated by Crayola in 1990.
Atomic tangerine is supposed to be a fluorescent color, but there is no mechanism for showing fluorescence on a flat computer screen.
The color xanthous is shown at right.
The color "xanthous" is derived from "xantho" (meaning yellow or golden), from the Ancient Greek ξανθός and "ous" (meaning full of), from the Latin adjectival suffix -ōsus.
Carrot orange is a tint of orange that is a representation of the color of the raw carrot vegetable.
The first recorded use of carrot orange as a color name in English was in 1684.[12]
Displayed at right is the color orange peel.
A discussion of the difference between the color orange (the color halfway between red and yellow, shown below as color wheel orange) and the color orange peel (the actual color of the outer skin of an orange), may be found in Maerz and Paul.[13] Orange peel is the color halfway between orange (color wheel) and amber on the color wheel.
The first recorded use of orange peel as a color name in English was in 1839.[14]
The first recorded use of Princeton orange as a color name in English was in 1928.[15]
The color symbolizes Princeton University and is defined as Pantone 158.[16] The equivalent RGB values vary among sources. One such color, closely matching that used on the defining pages at Princeton, is shown at right.
This shade of orange is unique to the University of Tennessee (UT), defined by the institution as Pantone 151, and is called UT orange.[butuh klarifikasi] It is offered for sale by The Home Depot and licensed by the university. According to the university, this shade of orange is derived from the American daisy, which grew in profusion on the oldest part of the campus, The Hill. The University of Tennessee colors are UT orange and white, and are used across its various sports teams, advertising, and merchandise.
Spanish orange is the color that is called anaranjado (the Spanish word for the colour "orange") in the Guía de coloraciones (Guide to colorations) by Rosa Gallego and Juan Carlos Sanz, a color dictionary published in 2005 that is widely popular in the Hispanophone realm.
The first recorded use of tangerine as a color name in English was in 1899.[20]
The web color coral is a shade of orange. It is displayed at the upper right.
The first recorded use of coral as a color name in English was in 1513.[23]
Pumpkin is a color that resembles pumpkins.
The first recorded use of pumpkin as a color name in English was in 1922.[25]
Pumpkin or orange is used with black for Halloween decorations.
The first recorded use of saffron as a color name in English was in 1200.[27] It is considered as the most important colour in Hinduism. It is worn by the monks of the Theravada tradition.
Displayed at right is the web color goldenrod.
The color goldenrod is a representation of the color of some of the deeper gold colored goldenrod flowers.
The first recorded use of goldenrod as a color name in English was in 1915.[28]
Displayed at right is the web color Hunyadi yellow or Pear gold. It is represented on the Hunyadi coat of arms.
The color Giants orange is displayed at right.
This is the color that symbolizes, along with black and cream, the San Francisco Giants baseball team.
Persimmon is a color that resembles persimmons.
The first recorded use of persimmon as a color name in English was in 1922.[32]
Butterscotch is a color that resembles butterscotch.
Persian orange is a color used in pottery and Persian carpets in Iran.
The first recorded use of Persian orange as a color name in English was in 1892.[34]
Orange pudding (milk added to pureed oranges that is mixed in a blender with flour and slowly boiled on a stovetop) is colored Persian orange, assuming no food coloring is added. Allis-Chalmers tractors have been colored Persian orange since 1928 so that, even when caked with dirt, they could still be distinguished from landscape features.[35]
Displayed at right is the color alloy orange.
Alloy orange is one of the colors in the special set of metallic Crayola crayons called Metallic FX, the colors of which were formulated by Crayola in 2001.
Although this is supposed to be a metallic color, there is no mechanism for displaying metallic colors on a computer.
Templat:Globalize section
Burnt orange has been used as a color name for this medium dark shade of orange since 1915.[38]
This color is one variation that is used as a school color of The University of Texas at Austin, Auburn University, and Virginia Tech.
Burnt orange is not a standard color; for example, it is defined differently by Auburn University[39][40] and the University of Texas at Austin.[37][41] The National Hockey League's San Jose Sharks use burnt orange as a secondary color,[42] and it is one of three colors of the National Football League's Cleveland Browns.[43][44] The Chicago Bears also use it as an alternate color.
Burnt orange was used by the University of Montana prior to 1996[45] and Oklahoma State University for its football uniforms from 1973 through 1983.[46]
Burnt orange was popular in interior design in the 1970s.
Burnt orange is also used to colour cylinders filled with the refrigerant R407C.[butuh rujukan]
At right is the color tiger’s eye.
It is named for the tiger’s eye gemstone, so named because its banding resembles the eye of a tiger. This color was formulated by Crayola in 1994 as part of the Gem Tones set.
Brown, although an independent color term, actually combines the orange hue (or close to orange) with low brightness. It can be described as an especially dark orange or, in painters' terminology, a deep shade of orange.
The first recorded use of brown as a color name in English was in about 1000 AD in the Metres of Boethius.[47][48]
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