Yahwe

Yahwe^[2] (bahasa Ibrani: יהוה, translit. yhw‎, Yehuwa)^[3] adalah istilah atau nama ilahiah dalam Yahudi, meskipun Yahwe tidak pernah disembah secara eksklusif oleh bangsa Israel.^[4] Namanya mungkin dimulai sebagai julukan kepada El, Dewa tertinggi dalam Panteon Kanaan,^[5] Referensi terawal yang menyebut nama Yahweh didapat dari catatan Mesir Kuno yang menempatkannya sebagai sesembahan di antara kaum nomad di kawasan selatan Transjordan.^[6] Dalam literatur alkitab tertua, dia digambarkan sebagai "prajurit ilahi" yang memimpin tentara surgawi melawan semua musuh Israel;^[7] ia kemudian menjadi pemimpin utama dari kerajaan Samaria dan Yehuda,^[8] dan dalam kurun waktu tertentu, kerajaan menyatakan bahwa Yahweh sebagai pencipta seluruh alam semesta dan memiliki keilahian yang tak dapat disangkal.^[9][10] Pada masa akhir pembuangan ke Babilonia (abad ke-6 SM), keberadaan ilah-ilah lain disangkal, dan Yahweh dicanangkan sebagai pencipta alam semesta, sebagai Tuhan satu-satunya yang menjadi pemilik sejati seluruh alam semesta.^[10]

Artikel ini mengenai Tuhan Bangsa Israel dan Yehuda. Lihat juga: Tetragrammaton.

Sekeping koin drachma (seperempat shekel) dari provinsi Persia Yehud, menampilkan Yahweh (dewa bulan) digambarkan sebagai laki-laki berjanggut duduk di atas takhta beroda dan bersayap.^[1]

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Mazhab Ortodoks (Haredi Hasidik Modern) Konservatif Reformasi (Klasik) Karaite Rekonstruksionis Pembaharuan Humanistik Haymanot
Filsafat Prinsip kepercayaan Kabbalah Mesias Etik Bangsa pilihan Nama-nama Tuhan Gerakan Musar
Pustaka Tanakh (Torah Nevi'im Ketuvim) Ḥumash Siddur Piyutim Zohar Rabbinik (Talmud Midrash Tosefta)
Syariat Taurat Mishneh Tur Shulchan Aruch Mishnah Berurah Aruch HaShulchan Kashrut Tzniut Tzedakah Niddah Hukum Noahide
Kota / tempat suci Yerusalem Safed Hebron Tiberias Sinagoge Beth midrash Mikveh Sukkah Chevra kadisha Bait Allah Tabernacle
Tokoh Abraham Ishak Yakub Musa Aaron Daud Salomo Sarah Ribka Rachel Leah Rabi Chazal (Tannaim Amoraim Savoraim) Geonim Rishonim Acharonim
Peran keagamaan Rabbi Rebbe Posek Hazzan Dayan Rosh yeshiva Mohel Kohen
Budaya Pendidikan Brit Pidyon haben Bar dan Bat Mitzvah Pernikahan Bereavement Yeshiva Kollel Cheder
Sarana Ibadat Sefer Torah Tallit Tefillin Tzitzit Kippah Mezuzah Menorah Shofar Four species Etrog Lulav Hadass Arava Kittel Gartel
Doa Shema (Sh'ma) Amidah Aleinu Kaddish Minyan Birkat Hamazon Shehecheyanu Hallel Havdalah Tachanun Kol Nidre Selichot (S'lichot)
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Referensi

Catatan kaki

1. Edelman 1995, hlm. 190Yahweh.
2. "Cari "Yahwe" dalam Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI)". Badan Pengembangan Bahasa dan Perbukuan. Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia.
3. "Cari "Yehuwa" dalam Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI)". Badan Pengembangan Bahasa dan Perbukuan. Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia.
4. Miller 1986, hlm. 110.
5. Dijkstra 2001, hlm. 92.
6. Dever 2003b, hlm. 128.
7. Hackett 2001, hlm. 158–159.
8. Smith 2002, hlm. 72.
9. Wyatt 2010, hlm. 69–70.
10. Betz 2000, hlm. 917.

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