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Template:DiseaseDisorder infobox La Leucemia mieloide acuta (AML), nota anche con il nome di leucemia mielogena acuta, è un cancro of the myeloid line of blood cells, caratterizzato dalla rapida crescita di globuli bianchi anormali che si accumulano nel midollo osseo ed interferiscono con l' la produzione delle normali cellule sanguigne. L'AML è la forma più comune di leucemia acuta che interessa gli adulti, e la sua incidenza aumenta con l'età. Although AML is a relatively rare disease, accounting for approximately 1.2% of cancer deaths in the United States,[1] its incidence is expected to increase as the population ages.
The symptoms of AML are caused by replacement of normal bone marrow with leukemic cells, which causes a drop in red blood cells, platelets, and normal white blood cells. These symptoms include fatigue, shortness of breath, easy bruising and bleeding, and increased risk of infection. Although several risk factors for AML have been identified, the specific cause of the disease remains unclear. As an acute leukemia, AML progresses rapidly and is typically fatal within weeks or months if left untreated.
AML has several subtypes; treatment and prognosis varies among subtypes. Five-year survival varies from 15–70%, and relapse rate varies from 78–33%, depending on subtype. AML is treated initially with chemotherapy aimed at inducing a remission; patients may go on to receive additional chemotherapy or a hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Recent research into the genetics of AML has developed tests that better predict how long a patient is likely to survive and whether a drug is likely to be effective.