엘살바도르의 대통령

엘살바도르의 대통령(스페인어: Presidente de El Salvador)은 엘살바도르의 국가원수이자 정부수반이다. 또한 헌법에 따라 엘살바도르 국군의 총사령관이기도 하다. 이 직위는 1841년 헌법에 따라 창설되었다. 1821년부터 1841년까지 엘살바도르 국가 원수는 단순히 국가 원수(Jefe de Estado)라는 스타일로 지정되었다.

엘살바도르 공화국 대통령은 선출된 해 6월 1일부터 직무를 시작하며 부통령이 동행한다.

선거법에 따르면, 공화국의 대통령 당선인으로 선출되기 위해서는 대통령 선거에서 선거에서 얻은 득표수의 50%에 1표를 더 얻어야 한다. 후보자 중 어느 누구도 해당 결과를 얻지 못하면 1차 투표에서 가장 많은 선거인단 표를 얻은 2명의 후보자가 참가하는 2차 투표가 진행된다.

대통령 임기는 5년이며, 2021년부터 1회 연임할 수 있다.

매년 6월 1일, 대통령은 대통령 임기 초기부터 대통령, 부통령, 각료회의가 발전시킨 기여와 정부 발전에 대해 입법부에 책임을 진다.

List of presidents

No.	Name (Birth–Death)	Elected	Term of office			Political party		Vice President
1	Doctor Pedro Barriere (1768–1827)	—	21 September 1821	28 November 1821	68일		Independent	Office not established
2	Doctor José Matías Delgado (1767–1832)	—	28 November 1821	9 February 1823	1년 73일		Independent
3	Brigadier General Vicente Filísola (1789–1850)	—	9 February 1823	7 May 1823	87일		Military
4	Brigadier General Felipe Codallos (1790–1849)	—	7 May 1823	25 May 1823	18일		Military
–	Consultive Junta	—	25 May 1823	17 June 1823	23일		Military
–	Mariano Prado (1776–1837) Provisional Political Chief	—	17 June 1823	22 April 1824	310일		Liberal
틀:나라자료 El Salvador Governor of the State of El Salvador (1824–1841) 틀:나라자료 El Salvador
5	Juan Manuel Rodríguez (1771–1847)	—	22 April 1824	1 October 1824	162일		Independent	Office not established
6	Mariano Prado (1776–1837)	—	1 October 1824	13 December 1824	73일		Liberal
7	Juan Vicente Villacorta Díaz (1764–1828)	—	13 December 1824	1 November 1826	1년 323일		Liberal		Mariano Prado
–	Mariano Prado (1776–1837) Acting Governor	—	1 November 1826	30 January 1829	2년 90일		Liberal
8	José María Cornejo (1788–1864)	1829	30 January 1829	16 February 1830	1년 17일		Conservative		Brigadier General Nicolás Espinoza
9	José Damián Villacorta (1796–1860)	—	16 February 1830	4 December 1830	291일		Independent
10	José María Cornejo (1788–1864)	—	4 December 1830	3 April 1832	1년 121일		Conservative
–	Brigadier General Francisco Morazán (1792–1842) Provisional Governor	—	3 April 1832	13 May 1832	40일		Liberal/Military		Colonel Joaquín de San Martín
11	Colonel Joaquín de San Martín (1770–1854)	—	13 May 1832	25 July 1832	73일		Liberal/Military	Office vacant
12	Mariano Prado (1776–1837)	—	25 July 1832	1 July 1833	341일		Liberal		Colonel Joaquín de San Martín
13	Colonel Joaquín de San Martín (1770–1854)	1833	1 July 1833	23 June 1834	357일		Liberal/Military		Colonel Lorenzo González
–	Brigadier General Carlos Salazar Castro (1800–1867) Provisional Governor	—	23 June 1834	13 July 1834	20일		Military	Office vacant
–	José Gregorio Salazar (1773–1838) Provisional Governor	—	13 July 1834	30 September 1834	79일		Independent
–	Joaquín Escolán y Balibrera (?–?) Provisional Governor	—	30 September 1834	14 October 1834	14일		Independent		José María Silva
–	José María Silva (1804–1876) Acting Governor	—	14 October 1834	2 March 1835	139일		Independent
–	Joaquín Escolán y Balibrera (?–?) Acting Governor	—	2 March 1835	10 April 1835	39일		Independent	Office vacant
14	Brigadier General Nicolás Espinoza (1795–1845)	1835	10 April 1835	15 November 1835	219일		Liberal/Military		José María Silva
–	Colonel Francisco Gómez (1796–1838) Acting Governor	—	15 November 1835	1 February 1836	78일		Independent/Military	Office vacant
15	Diego Vigil (1799–1845)	—	1 February 1836	23 May 1837	1년 111일		Liberal		Timoteo Menéndez
–	Timoteo Menéndez (?–?) Acting Governor	—	23 May 1837	7 June 1837	15일		Independent
16	Diego Vigil (1799–1845)	—	7 June 1837	6 January 1838	213일		Liberal
–	Timoteo Menéndez (?–?) Acting Governor	—	6 January 1838	23 May 1839	1년 137일		Independent
–	Colonel Antonio José Cañas (1785–1844) Acting Governor	—	23 May 1839	11 July 1839	49일		Military	Office vacant
17	Brigadier General Francisco Morazán (1792–1842)	—	11 July 1839	16 February 1840	40일		Liberal/Military		José María Silva
–	José María Silva (1804–1876) Acting Governor	—	16 February 1840	5 April 1840	49일		Independent
–	Municipal Council of San Salvador	—	5 April 1840	7 April 1840	2일		Independent	Office vacant
–	Colonel Antonio José Cañas (1785–1844) Acting Governor	—	7 April 1840	20 September 1840	166일		Military
–	Norberto Ramírez (1802–1856) Acting Governor	—	20 September 1840	7 January 1841	109일		Independent
–	Juan Lindo (1790–1857) Provisional Governor	—	7 January 1841	30 January 1841	23일		Conservative		Pedro José Arce
틀:나라자료 El Salvador President of the Republic of El Salvador (1841–present) 틀:나라자료 El Salvador
–	Juan Lindo (1790–1857) Provisional President	—	30 January 1841	20 June 1841	141일		Conservative		Pedro José Arce([[:es:{{{3}}}|스페인어판]])
–	Pedro José Arce([[:es:{{{3}}}|스페인어판]]) (1801–1871) Acting President	—	20 June 1841	28 June 1841	8일		Independent
18	Juan Lindo (1790–1857)	—	28 June 1841	1 February 1842	218일		Conservative
–	Brigadier General José Escolástico Marín (?–1846) Acting President	—	1 February 1842	12 April 1842	70일		Military	Office vacant
19	Brigadier General Juan José Guzmán (1797–1847)	—	12 April 1842	30 June 1842	79일		Conservative/Military		Pedro José Arce([[:es:{{{3}}}|스페인어판]])
–	Dionisio Villacorta([[:es:{{{3}}}|스페인어판]]) (?–1846) Acting President	—	30 June 1842	19 July 1842	19일		Independent
–	Brigadier General José Escolástico Marín (?–1846) Acting President	—	19 July 1842	26 September 1842	69일		Military
20	Brigadier General Juan José Guzmán (1797–1847)	—	26 September 1842	26 January 1843	122일		Conservative/Military
–	Pedro José Arce([[:es:{{{3}}}|스페인어판]]) (1801–1871) Acting President	—	26 January 1843	8 March 1843	41일		Independent
21	Brigadier General Juan José Guzmán (1797–1847)	—	8 March 1843	31 January 1844	329일		Conservative/Military
–	Fermín Palacios (?–?) Acting President	—	1 February 1844	7 February 1844	6일		Independent	Office vacant
22	Brigadier General Francisco Malespín (1806–1846)	1844	7 February 1844	9 May 1844	92일		Conservative/Military		Luis Ayala
									Brigadier General Joaquín Eufrasio Guzmán
–	Brigadier General Joaquín Eufrasio Guzmán (1801–1875) Acting President	—	9 May 1844	16 June 1844	38일		Conservative
23	Brigadier General Francisco Malespín (1806–1846)	—	16 June 1844	25 October 1844	131일		Conservative/Military
–	Brigadier General Joaquín Eufrasio Guzmán (1801–1875) Acting President	—	25 October 1844	16 February 1845	114일		Conservative
–	Fermín Palacios (?–?) Acting President	—	16 February 1845	25 April 1845	68일		Independent
–	Brigadier General Joaquín Eufrasio Guzmán (1801–1875) Acting President	—	25 April 1845	1 February 1846	282일		Conservative
–	Fermín Palacios (?–?) Acting President	—	1 February 1846	21 February 1846	20일		Independent	Office vacant
24	Doctor Eugenio Aguilar (1804–1879)	1846	21 February 1846	12 July 1846	141일		Liberal		José Campo
–	Fermín Palacios (?–?) Acting President	—	12 July 1846	21 July 1846	9일		Independent
25	Doctor Eugenio Aguilar (1804–1879)	—	21 July 1846	1 February 1848	1년 195일		Liberal
–	Tomás Medina (1803–1884) Acting President	—	1 February 1848	3 February 1848	2일		Independent	Office vacant
–	José Félix Quirós (1811–1883) Acting President	—	3 February 1848	7 February 1848	4일		Independent		José Félix Quirós
26	Doroteo Vasconcelos (1803–1883)	1848	7 February 1848	26 January 1850	1년 353일		Liberal
–	Ramón Rodríguez (1803–1884) Acting President	—	26 January 1850	1 February 1850	6일		Independent
–	José Félix Quirós (1811–1883) Acting President	—	1 February 1850	4 February 1850	3일		Independent
27	Doroteo Vasconcelos (1803–1883)	1850	4 February 1850	12 January 1851	342일		Liberal
–	Francisco Dueñas (1810–1884) Acting President	—	12 January 1851	19 March 1851	66일		Conservative
–	José Félix Quirós (1811–1883) Acting President	—	19 March 1851	3 May 1851	45일		Independent
–	Francisco Dueñas (1810–1884) Acting President	—	3 May 1851	30 January 1852	272일		Conservative
–	Colonel José María San Martín (1811–1857) Acting President	—	30 January 1852	1 February 1852	2일		Conservative/Military
28	Francisco Dueñas (1810–1884)	1852	1 February 1852	1 February 1854	2년 0일		Conservative		Tomás Medina
–	Vicente Gómez (?–?) Acting President	—	1 February 1854	15 February 1854	14일		Independent		Brigadier General José Mariano Hernández
29	Colonel José María San Martín (1811–1857)	1854	15 February 1854	26 September 1854	223일		Conservative/Military
–	Brigadier General José Mariano Hernández (1786–1864) Acting President	—	26 September 1854	13 November 1854	48일		Conservative/Military
30	Colonel José María San Martín (1811–1857)	—	13 November 1854	1 February 1856	1년 80일		Conservative/Military
–	Francisco Dueñas (1810–1884) Acting President	—	1 February 1856	12 February 1856	11일		Conservative		Francisco Dueñas
31	Rafael Campo (1813–1890)	1856	12 February 1856	12 May 1856	90일		Conservative
–	Francisco Dueñas (1810–1884) Acting President	—	12 May 1856	19 July 1856	68일		Conservative
32	Rafael Campo (1813–1890)	—	19 July 1856	1 February 1858	1년 197일		Conservative
–	Lorenzo Zepeda (?–?) Acting President	—	1 February 1858	7 February 1858	6일		Independent	Office vacant
33	Brigadier General Miguel Santín del Castillo (1830–1880)	1858	7 February 1858	24 June 1858	137일		Conservative		Brigadier General Joaquín Eufrasio Guzmán
–	Captain General Gerardo Barrios (1813–1865) Acting President	—	24 June 1858	16 September 1858	84일		Liberal
34	Brigadier General Miguel Santín del Castillo (1830–1880)	—	16 September 1858	19 January 1859	125일		Conservative
–	Brigadier General Joaquín Eufrasio Guzmán (1801–1875) Acting President	—	19 January 1859	15 February 1859	27일		Conservative
–	José María Peralta (1807–1883) Acting President	—	15 February 1859	12 March 1859	25일		Independent	Office vacant
–	Captain General Gerardo Barrios (1813–1865) Acting President	—	12 March 1859	1 February 1860	326일		Liberal
35	Captain General Gerardo Barrios (1813–1865)	1859	1 February 1860	16 December 1860	319일		Liberal		José Félix Quirós
–	José María Peralta (1807–1883) Acting President	—	16 December 1860	7 February 1861	53일		Independent
36	Captain General Gerardo Barrios (1813–1865)	—	7 February 1861	26 October 1863	2년 261일		Liberal
–	Francisco Dueñas (1810–1884) Provisional President	—	26 October 1863	1 February 1865	1년 98일		Conservative	Office vacant
37	Francisco Dueñas (1810–1884)	1864 1869	1 February 1865	12 April 1871	6년 70일		Conservative		Gregorio Arbizú
									José María Parrilla
–	Marshal Santiago González (1818–1887) Provisional President	—	12 April 1871	1 February 1872	295일		Liberal/Military	Office vacant
38	Marshal Santiago González (1818–1887)	1872	1 February 1872	10 May 1872	99일		Liberal/Military		Manuel Méndez
–	Manuel Méndez (?–1872) Acting President	—	10 May 1872	9 July 1872	122일		Independent
39	Marshal Santiago González (1818–1887)	—	9 July 1872	1 February 1876	3년 145일		Liberal/Military	Office vacant
40	Andrés del Valle (1833–1888)	Jan. 1876	1 February 1876	1 May 1876	90일		Liberal		Santiago González
–	Doctor Rafael Zaldívar (1834–1903) Provisional President	—	1 May 1876	1 February 1880	3년 276일		Liberal	Office vacant
41	Doctor Rafael Zaldívar (1834–1903)	Jun. 1876	1 February 1880	6 April 1884	4년 65일		Liberal
–	Ángel Guirola (1826–1910) Acting President	—	6 April 1884	21 August 1884	4년 202일		Independent
42	Doctor Rafael Zaldívar (1834–1903)	—	21 August 1884	14 May 1885	266일		Liberal
–	Divisional General Fernando Figueroa (1849–1919)	—	14 May 1885	18 June 1885	35일		Liberal/Military
–	José Rosales Herrador (1827–1891) Provisional President	—	18 June 1885	22 June 1885	4일		Independent
–	Brigadier General Francisco Menéndez (1830–1890) Provisional President	—	22 June 1885	1 March 1887	1년 252일		Liberal/Military
43	Brigadier General Francisco Menéndez (1830–1890)	1887	1 March 1887	22 June 1890	3년 113일		Liberal/Military
–	Brigadier General Carlos Ezeta (1852–1903) Provisional President	—	22 June 1890	1 March 1891	252일		Liberal/Military
44	Brigadier General Carlos Ezeta (1852–1903)	1891	1 March 1891	10 June 1894	3년 101일		Liberal/Military		Brigadier General Antonio Ezeta
–	Brigadier General Rafael Antonio Gutiérrez (1845–1921) Provisional President	—	10 June 1894	1 March 1895	264일		Liberal/Military	Office vacant
45	Brigadier General Rafael Antonio Gutiérrez (1845–1921)	1895	1 March 1895	14 November 1898	3년 258일		Liberal/Military		Prudencio Alfaro
–	Brigadier General Tomás Regalado (1861–1906) Provisional President	—	14 November 1898	1 March 1899	107일		Liberal/Military	Office vacant
46	Brigadier General Tomás Regalado (1861–1906)	1899	1 March 1899	1 March 1903	4년 0일		Liberal/Military		Francisco Reyes
47	Brigadier General Pedro José Escalón (1847–1923)	1903	1 March 1903	1 March 1907	4년 0일		Conservative/Military		Calixto Velado Eduardo
48	Divisional General Fernando Figueroa (1849–1919)	1907	1 March 1907	1 March 1911	4년 0일		Liberal/Military		Manuel Enrique Araujo
49	Doctor Manuel Enrique Araujo (1865–1913)	1911	1 March 1911	9 February 1913	1년 345일		Liberal		Onofre Durán Santillana
–	Carlos Meléndez (1861–1919) Provisional President	—	9 February 1913	29 August 1914	1년 201일		Liberal	Office vacant
–	Doctor Alfonso Quiñónez Molina (1874–1950) Provisional President	—	29 August 1914	1 March 1915	184일		Liberal
50	Carlos Meléndez (1861–1919)	1915	1 March 1915	21 December 1918	3년 295일		Liberal		Alfonso Quiñónez Molina
–	Doctor Alfonso Quiñónez Molina (1874–1950) Provisional President	—	21 December 1918	1 March 1919	70일		National Democratic Party	Office vacant
51	Jorge Meléndez (1871–1953)	1919	1 March 1919	1 March 1923	4년 0일		National Democratic Party		Alfonso Quiñónez Molina
52	Doctor Alfonso Quiñónez Molina (1874–1950)	1923	1 March 1923	1 March 1927	4년 0일		National Democratic Party		Pío Romero Bosque
53	Doctor Pío Romero Bosque (1860–1935)	1927	1 March 1927	1 March 1931	4년 0일		National Democratic Party		Gustavo Vides
54	Arturo Araujo (1878–1967)	1931	1 March 1931	2 December 1931	276일		Salvadoran Laborist Party		Brigadier General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez
–	Civic Directory	—	2 December 1931	4 December 1931	2일		Military
–	Brigadier General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez (1882–1966) Provisional President	—	4 December 1931	28 August 1934	2년 267일		Military
–	Brigadier General Andrés Ignacio Menéndez (1879–1962) Provisional President	—	28 August 1934	1 March 1935	185일		National Pro Patria Party/Military	Office vacant
55	Brigadier General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez (1882–1966)	1935 1939 1944	1 March 1935	9 May 1944	9년 69일		National Pro Patria Party/Military
–	Brigadier General Andrés Ignacio Menéndez (1879–1962) Provisional President	—	9 May 1944	21 October 1944	165일		National Pro Patria Party/Military
–	Colonel Osmín Aguirre y Salinas (1889–1977) Provisional President	—	21 October 1944	1 March 1945	131일		Military
56	Brigadier General Salvador Castaneda Castro (1888–1965)	1945	1 March 1945	14 December 1948	3년 288일		Unification Social Democratic Party/Military		Manuel Adriano Vilanova
–	Revolutionary Council of Government(스페인어판)	—	14 December 1948	14 September 1950	1년 274일		Military	Office vacant
57	Lieutenant Colonel Óscar Osorio (1910–1969)	1950	14 September 1950	14 September 1956	6년 0일		Revolutionary Party of Democratic Unification/Military		José María Peralta
58	Lieutenant Colonel José María Lemus (1911–1993)	1956	14 September 1956	26 October 1960	4년 42일		Revolutionary Party of Democratic Unification/Military		Humberto Costa
–	Junta of Government	—	26 October 1960	25 January 1961	91일		Military	Office vacant
–	Civic-Military Directory	—	25 January 1961	25 January 1962	1년 0일		Military
–	Doctor Eusebio Rodolfo Cordón Cea (1899–1966) Provisional President	—	25 January 1962	1 July 1962	157일		Independent
59	Lieutenant Colonel Julio Adalberto Rivera (1921–1973)	1962	1 July 1962	1 July 1967	5년 0일		National Conciliation Party/Military		Francisco Roberto Lima
60	Brigadier General Fidel Sánchez Hernández (1917–2003)	1967	1 July 1967	1 July 1972	5년 0일		National Conciliation Party/Military		Humberto Guillermo Cuestas
61	Colonel Arturo Armando Molina (1927–2021)	1972	1 July 1972	1 July 1977	5년 0일		National Conciliation Party/Military		Enrique Mayorga Rivas
62	Brigadier General Carlos Humberto Romero (1924–2017)	1977	1 July 1977	15 October 1979	2년 106일		National Conciliation Party/Military		Julio Astacio
–	Revolutionary Government Junta	—	15 October 1979	2 May 1982	2년 199일		Military	Office vacant
63	Doctor Álvaro Magaña (1925–2001)	1982	2 May 1982	1 June 1984	2년 30일		Independent		Raúl Molina Martínez
									Mauricio Gutiérrez Castro
									Pablo Mauricio Alvergue
64	José Napoleón Duarte (1925–1990)	1984	1 June 1984	1 June 1989	5년 0일		Christian Democratic Party		Rodolfo Castillo
65	Alfredo Cristiani (born 1947)	1989	1 June 1989	1 June 1994	5년 0일		Nationalist Republican Alliance		José Francisco Merino
66	Doctor Armando Calderón Sol (1948–2017)	1994	1 June 1994	1 June 1999	5년 0일		Nationalist Republican Alliance		Enrique Borgo Bustamante
67	Francisco Flores Pérez (1959–2016)	1999	1 June 1999	1 June 2004	5년 0일		Nationalist Republican Alliance		Carlos Quintanilla Schmidt
68	Antonio Saca (born 1965)	2004	1 June 2004	1 June 2009	5년 0일		Nationalist Republican Alliance		Ana Vilma de Escobar
69	Mauricio Funes (1959–2025)	2009	1 June 2009	1 June 2014	5년 0일		Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front		Salvador Sánchez Cerén
70	Salvador Sánchez Cerén (born 1944)	2014	1 June 2014	1 June 2019	5년 0일		Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front		Óscar Ortiz
71	Nayib Bukele (born 1981)	2019 2024	1 June 2019	Incumbent	6년 82일		Grand Alliance for National Unity		Félix Ulloa
							Nuevas Ideas
–	Claudia Rodríguez de Guevara (born 1980/1981) Acting President	—	1 December 2023	1 June 2024	183일		Nuevas Ideas

같이 보기

• 엘살바도르

외부 링크

• El Presidencia de El Salvador (스페인어)