Indie
kintra in Sooth Asie From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Indie (Hindi: भारत, bhārat), offeecially the Republic o Indie (Hindi: भारत गणराज्य, bhārat gaṇrājya; Inglish: Republic of India), is a kintra in Sooth Asie. It is the seivent-lairgest kintra bi geographical aurie, the maist populous kintra wi ower 1.2 billion fowk, an the maist populous democracy in the warld. Mainland Indie is boondit bi the Indie Ocean on the sooth, the Arabie Sea on the wast, an the Bay o Bengal on the east; an it is bordered bi Pakistan tae the wast;[note] Bhutan, the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae an Nepal tae the north; an Bangladesh an Burma tae the east. In the Indie Ocean, mainland Indie an the Lakshadweep Islands are in the vicinity o Sri Lanka an the Maldives, while Indie's Andaman an Nicobar Islands share maritime mairch wi Thailand an the Indonesian island o Sumatra in the Andaman Sea.[13] Indie haes a coastline o 7,517 kilometres (4,700 mi).[14]
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Hame tae the auncient Indus Valley Ceevilisation an a region o historic tred routes an vast empires, the Indie subcontinent wis identified wi its commercial an cultural wealth for muckle o its lang history.[15] Fower o the warld's major releegions—Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism an Sikhism—oreeginatit here, while Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity an Islam arrived in the first millennium CE an shapit the region's diverse cultur. Gradually annexed bi the Breetish East Indie Company frae the early 18t century an colonised bi the Unitit Kinrick frae the mid-19t century, Indie became an independent naition in 1947 efter a struggle for unthirldom which wis merked bi a non-violent resistance led bi Mahatma Gandhi.
Indie is a federal constitutional republic wi a pairlamentary democracy consistin o 28 states an seiven union territories. A pluralistic, multilingual an multiethnic society whaur mair nor 300[16] leids are spoken, Indie is an aa hame tae a diversity o wildlife in a variety o pertected habitats. The Indian economy is the warld's eleivent lairgest economy bi nominal GDP an the fowert lairgest bi purchasin pouer parity. Syne the introduction of mercatt-based economic reforms in 1991, Indie haes acome ane o the fastest growin major economies in the warld;[17] housomeivver, the kintra continues tae face several poverty, illiteracy, corruption an public heal relatit challenges. Indie is clessifee'd as a newly industrialised kintra an is ane o the fower BRIC naitions.[18][19] It is the warld's saxt de facto recognised nuclear weapons state an haes the third-lairgest staundin airmed force in the warld, while its military expenditure ranks tent in the warld.[20] Indie is a regional pouer in Sooth Asie.[21]
It is a foondin member o the Unitit Naitions, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Warld Tred Organisation, the Sooth Asian Association for Regional Cooperation, the East Asie Summit, the G20 an the G8+5; a member o the Commonweel o Naitions; an an observer state in the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation.
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Etymologie
The name Indie is derivit frae Indus, which is derivit frae the Auld Persian wird Hindu, frae Sanskrit सिन्धु Sindhu, the historic local appellation for the Indus River.[22] The auncient Greeks referred tae the Indians as Indoi (Ινδοί), the fowk o the Indus.[23] The Constitution o Indie an common uisage in various Indian leids an aa recognise Bharat (pronoonced [ˈbʱaːrət̪] (
listen)) as an offeecial name o equal status.[24] The name Bharat is derivit frae the name o the legendary king Bharata in Hindu scriptures. Hindustan ([ɦɪnd̪ʊˈst̪aːn] ( listen)), oreeginally a Persian wird for “Land o the Hindus” referrin tae northren Indie, is an aa occasionally uised as a synonym for aw o Indie.[25]
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Notes
- "[...] Jana Gana Mana is the National Anthem of India, subject to such alterations in the words as the Government may authorise as occasion arises; and the song Vande Mataram, which has played a historic part in the struggle for Indian freedom, shall be honoured equally with Jana Gana Mana and shall have equal status with it." (Constituent Assembly of India 1950).
- "The country's exact size is subject to debate because some borders are disputed. The Indian government lists the total area as 3,287,260 km2 (1,269,220 sq mi) and the total land area as 3,060,500 km2 (1,181,700 sq mi); the United Nations lists the total area as 3,287,263 km2 (1,269,219 sq mi) and total land area as 2,973,190 km2 (1,147,960 sq mi)." (Library of Congress 2004).
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References
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