Phonofilm

Phonofilm je sistem za snimanje i reprodukciju filmskog zvuka koji je početkom 1920-ih razvio američki pronalazač Lee De Forest. Phonofilm je zvučni zapis bilježio direktno na filmsku vrpcu. Prvi put je demonstriran 12. marta 1923. Tehnička ograničenja su omogućavala jedino snimanje kratkih filmova. De Forest je sistem razvijao sa fizičarem Theodoreom Caseom. Nakon što su se posvađali, Case je razvio vlastiti, poboljšani sistem Movietone, koga je 1926. otkupio William Fox, vlasnik studija Fox Film Corporation. Njega, kao i Vitaphone, su preuzeli i drugi hollywoodski studiji. Do kraja 1920-ih Phonofilm se primjenjivao u nekoliko država, ali je i tamo napušten u korist naprednijih formata.

Vanjske veze

• List of DeForest Phonofilm titles at IMDB
• List of Cinephone films (includes earlier Cinephone system not related to Powers Cinephone) at IMDB
• List of DeForest Phonofilm titles at BFI Database Arhivirano 2009-09-09 na Wayback Machine-u
• History of DeForest inventions including Phonofilm^{[mrtav link]}
• Copy of DeForest Phonofilm Corporation stock certificate with section of film from The Covered Wagon (1923) showing soundtrack Arhivirano 2007-10-05 na Wayback Machine-u
• Australian National Film Archive website Arhivirano 2010-08-19 na Wayback Machine-u
• Ben Bernie and All the Lads (1924) led by Ben Bernie with Oscar Levant on piano, made in Phonofilm Arhivirano 2012-10-16 na Wayback Machine-u
• President Coolidge, Taken on the White House Lawn (filmed on 11 August 1924) at Archive.org
• A Few Moments With Eddie Cantor, Star of "Kid Boots" (premiere of Broadway show Kid Boots in late 1923 or early 1924 in NYC) at Archive.org
• Sissle and Blake Sing Snappy Songs (1923)
• The Victoria Girls (1928) performing "The Doll Dance" at YouTube (clip has incorrect date of 1930) filmed at Phonofilm Clapham Studios in London
• Mark Griver and His Scottish Revellers (1927) filmed at the Phonofilm Clapham Studios in London
• Dick Henderson Sings I Love Her All the More (1926) filmed at the Phonofilm Clapham Studios in London
• Billy Merson Sings Desdemona (1927) filmed at Clapham Studios in London
• List of Early Sound Films 1894-1929 at Silent Era website