1291

1291 (MCCXCI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar, the 1291st year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 291st year of the 2nd millennium, the 91st year of the 13th century, and the 2nd year of the 1290s decade. As of the start of 1291, the Gregorian calendar was 7 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was the dominant calendar of the time.

1291 in other calendars

Gregorian calendar	1291 MCCXCI
Ab urbe condita	2044
Armenian calendar	740 ԹՎ ՉԽ
Assyrian calendar	6041
Balinese saka calendar	1212–1213
Bengali calendar	698
Berber calendar	2241
English Regnal year	19 Edw. 1 – 20 Edw. 1
Buddhist calendar	1835
Burmese calendar	653
Byzantine calendar	6799–6800
Chinese calendar	庚寅年 (Metal Tiger) 3987 or 3927     — to — 辛卯年 (Metal Rabbit) 3988 or 3928
Coptic calendar	1007–1008
Discordian calendar	2457
Ethiopian calendar	1283–1284
Hebrew calendar	5051–5052
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1347–1348
- Shaka Samvat	1212–1213
- Kali Yuga	4391–4392
Holocene calendar	11291
Igbo calendar	291–292
Iranian calendar	669–670
Islamic calendar	689–691
Japanese calendar	Shōō 4 (正応４年)
Javanese calendar	1201–1202
Julian calendar	1291 MCCXCI
Korean calendar	3624
Minguo calendar	621 before ROC 民前621年
Nanakshahi calendar	−177
Thai solar calendar	1833–1834
Tibetan calendar	ལྕགས་ཕོ་སྟག་ལོ་ (male Iron-Tiger) 1417 or 1036 or 264     — to — ལྕགས་མོ་ཡོས་ལོ་ (female Iron-Hare) 1418 or 1037 or 265

Events

• The Crusades end.
• Switzerland was founded.

Births

• February 8 – King Afonso IV of Portugal (d. 1357)
• October 31 – Philippe de Vitry, French composer (d. 1361)
• Pope Clement VI (d. 1352)
• Theodore I of Montferrat (d. 1338)
• Aimone of Savoy (d. 1343)

Deaths

• March 10 – Arghun, Mongol ruler
• June 18 – King Alfonso III of Aragon (b. 1265)
• June 26 – Eleanor of Provence, queen of Henry III of England
• July 15 – Rudolph I of Germany, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1218)
• Hong Dagu, Korean military leader (b. 1244)
• Talabuga, khan of the Blue Horde