1728
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1728 (MDCCXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar, the 1728th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 728th year of the 2nd millennium, the 28th year of the 18th century, and the 9th year of the 1720s decade. As of the start of 1728, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

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Events
- Astronomical aberration found by the astronomer James Bradley
- Swedish academy of sciences made at Uppsala
- The making of the University of Havana (Universidad de la Habana Archived 2004-11-03 at the Wayback Machine), Cuba's most set university.
Births
- January 9 – Thomas Warton, English poet (d. 1790)
- February 21 – Emperor Peter III of Russia, husband of Catherine the Great (d. 1762)
- April 16 – Joseph Black, Scottish scientist (d. 1799)
- August 26 – Johann Heinrich Lambert, Swiss mathematician, physicist and astronomer (d. 1777)
- August 28 – John Stark, American general (d. 1822)
- September 3 – Matthew Boulton, English metal-worker, inventor and partner of James Watt (d. 1809)
- September 14 – Mercy Otis Warren, American writer (d. 1814)
- October 7 – Caesar Rodney, American lawyer who signed the Declaration of Independence (d. 1784)
- October 27 – James Cook, British captain and explorer (d. 1779)
- November 10 – Oliver Goldsmith, Irish writer (d. 1774)
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Deaths
- February 12 – Agostino Steffani, Italian diplomat and composer (b. 1654)
- February 13 – Cotton Mather, Puritan minister (b. 1663)
- March 4 – Anna Petrovna of Russia, oldest daughter of Peter the Great (b. 1708)
- April 3 – James Anderson, Scottish historian (b. 1662)
- August 15 – Marin Marais, French musician (b. 1656)
- September 23 – Christian Thomasius, German jurist (b. 1655)
- November 19 – Leopold of Anhalt-Cöthen, German Prince (b. 1694)
- date unknown – Serfoji I, Indian Ruler (b. 1675)
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