Cape Colony

The Cape Colony (Dutch: Kaapkolonie) was the name of a colony based around the Cape of Good Hope, in southern Africa. It was first established in 1652 by Jan van Riebeeck as a governorate of the Dutch East India Company. It was captured by the British in 1795 and returned to the Dutch in 1802. In 1806 it was again captured by the British. It united with three other British colonies in 1910 to form the Union of South Africa when it was renamed the "Cape Province". Its capital was Cape Town, the modern-day legislative capital of the Republic of South Africa.

Cape Colony Kaapkolonie
1795–1910
Flag
Anthem: God Save the King (God Save the Queen 1837–1901)
The Cape Colony ca. 1890 with Griqualand East and Griqualand West annexed and Stellaland/Goshen (in light red) claimed
Status	British colony
Capital	Cape Town
Common languages	English, Dutch ¹
Religion	Dutch Reformed Church, Anglican
Government	Constitutional monarchy
Historical era	Scramble for Africa
• Established	1795
• Dutch colony	1803–1806
• Anglo-Dutch treaty	1814
• Disestablished	1910
Area
1822[1]	331,900 km2 (128,100 sq mi)
1910	569,020 km2 (219,700 sq mi)
Population
• 1822[1]	110380
• 1865 census[2]	496381
• 1910	2564965
Currency	Pound sterling
Preceded by Succeeded by Dutch Cape Colony British Bechuanaland Union of South Africa
Today part of	South Africa ²
¹ Dutch was the sole official language until 1806, when the British officially replaced Dutch with English. Dutch was reincluded as a second official language in 1882. ² Except for the exclave of Walvis Bay, which is now part of Namibia.

Lists of Leaders

King/Queen[3]
1795–1820	George III
1820–1830	George IV
1830–1837	William IV
1837–1901	Queen Victoria
1901–1910	Edward VII
1910	George V

Governors[3][n1 1]
1797–1798	George Macartney
1799-1801	George Younge
1803-1806	Lieut-Gen Jan Willems Jansen[n1 2]
1807-1811	Earl of Caledon
1811-1814	Francis Cradock
1814-1826	Lord Charles Somerset
1828-1833	Galbraith Cole
1834-1838	Benjamin D'Urban
1834-1844	Thomas Napier
1847	Henry Pottinger
1847-1852	Henry Smith
1852-1854	George Cathcart
1854-1861	Sir George Grey
1862-1870	Philip Wodehouse
1870-1877	Henry Barkly
1877-1880	Bartle Frere
1881-1889	Hercules Robinson
1889-1895	Henry Loch
1895-1897	Hercules Robinson (Lord Rosemead)
1897-1901	Alfred Milner
1901–1910	Walter Hely-Hutchinson

Notes

1. Acting governors and lieutenant governors are not in this list
2. Under Dutch Government

Prime Ministers[3]
1872–1878	John Charles Molteno
1872-1878	John Gordon Sprigg
1881-1884	Thomas Charles Scanlen
1884-1886	Thomas Uppington
1886-1890	Gordon Sprigg
1890-1896	Cecil John Rhodes
1896-1896	Gordon Sprigg
1898-1900	William Philip Schreiner
1900-1904	Gordon Sprigg
1904-1908	Leander Starr Jameson
1908–1910	John X. Merriman