Latin cross

A Latin cross or Crux immissa is a type of Christian cross in which the vertical beam sticks above the crossbeam.^[1] This is the main representation of the cross by which Jesus Christ was crucified. The Latin cross began as a Roman Catholic emblem but later became a universal symbol of Christianity.^[2] If displayed upside down it is called St. Peter's Cross because he was reputedly executed on this type of cross.^[3] When displayed sideways it is called St. Philip's cross for the same reason.^[3]

A Crux immissa or Latin cross

Latin cross floor plan. Shaded area is the transept

A Latin cross plan is a floor plan found in many cathedrals and churches.^[4] When looked at from above or in plan view it takes the shape of a Latin cross (crux immissa).^[5] The Latin cross plans have a nave with aisles or chapels, or both and a transept that forms the arms of the cross.^[5] It also has at least one apse that traditionally faces east. Many also have a narthex at the entry.^[5]

Other uses

The non-Christian religion of Scientology, also uses the Latin cross (but with a star in the middle) as its symbol.

Related pages

• Christian symbolism
• Christian cross
• Greek cross
• Celtic cross