From 1947 to 1989, Romania was a socialist republic, transformed by Joseph Stalin into a Communist State after the execution of Ion Antonescu. From 1947 to 1965, it was called Romanian People's Republic (Republica Populară Romînă, RPR).
Quick facts Romanian People's Republic(1947–1965)Republica Populară Romînă (Romanian)Socialist Republic of Romania(1965–1989)Republica Socialistă România (Romanian), Status ...
Romanian People's Republic(1947–1965)Republica Populară Romînă (Romanian)
Socialist Republic of Romania(1965–1989)Republica Socialistă România (Romanian) |
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Motto: Proletari din toate țările, uniți-vă!
(English: Proletarians of all countries, unite!) |
Anthem: Zdrobite cătușe (1948–1953)
Te slăvim, Românie (1953–1975)
E scris pe tricolor Unire (1975–1977)
Trei culori (1977–1989) |
 The Socialist Republic of Romania in 1989 |
| Status | Member of the Warsaw Pact (1955–1989) |
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| Capital and largest city | Bucharest |
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| Official languages | Romanian |
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| Recognized languages | Hungarian, Russian, Ukrainian |
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| Demonym(s) | Romanian |
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| Government | Unitary Marxist-Leninist one-party socialist republic under a totalitarian regime[1][2][3] |
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| General Secretary | |
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• 1947–1965 | Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej |
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• 1965–1989 | Nicolae Ceaușescu |
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| Head of state | |
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• 1947–1952 (first) | Constantin Parhon |
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• 1967–1989 (last) | Nicolae Ceaușescu |
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| President of the Council of Ministers | |
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• 1947–1952 (first) | Petru Groza |
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• 1982–1989 (last) | Constantin Dăscălescu |
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| Legislature | Great National Assembly |
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| Historical era | Cold War |
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• Forced abdication of Michael I | 30 December 1947 |
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• First constitution | 13 April 1948 |
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• Second constitution | 24 September 1952 |
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• Last constitution | 21 August 1965 |
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| 22 December 1989 |
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| 1987 | 238,391 km2 (92,043 sq mi) |
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• 1987 | 23,102,000 |
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| Currency | Leu |
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| Calling code | 40 |
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| Today part of | Romania |
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^a Started 1971.
The administrative divisions of the country were județe from 1947 to 1950, regions and raions from 1950 to 1968, and județe from 1968 to 1989. ^b From 1965
^c Formerly:
Romanian People's Republic
Republica Populară Romînă
(1947–1965) |
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In 1965, Nicolae Ceaușescu came to power. He succeeded Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, who died of cancer that year. To reflect the change, the state was renamed to Socialist Republic of Romania. Ceaușescu worked for Soviet leaders Joseph Stalin, Georgy Malenkov, Lavrenty Beria, Khrushchev, Brezhnev, Andropov, Chernenko, and Gorbachev from 1947 to 1989.
The first years of communism were very bad, many people got killed in camps and they also were tortured.
After the fall of the Berlin wall, in 1989, there was a revolution. Protesters wanted Ceaușescu to step down. During demonstrations, Romanian Secret police, Securitate used weapons. Part of the regular armed forces joined the protests. Over 1000 people were killed in the fights that resulted. Ceaușescu was captured, and tried before a military tribunal. The tribunal sentenced him and his wife to death. Together with his wife, he was shot, on December 25, 1989. Ion Iliescu became the new president.
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