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巧言虫
叶须虫科巧言虫属环节动物 来自维基百科，自由的百科全书
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绿巧言虫（学名：Eulalia viridis）是叶须虫目叶须虫科巧言虫属之下的一个多毛纲物种[4]，有着亮绿色的外表。本物种长约5至15 cm（2至6英寸）。在北大西洋海域，见于欧洲的挪威、英国及爱尔兰[1]的浅海或贻贝床[5][6]。
其种加词“viridis”意为“绿色的”。
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形态描述
巧言虫是一种背部扁平又纤细的蠕虫，有体节高达200节。蠕虫最长可以生长至15 cm（6英寸），颜色从中绿色到亮绿色。头部有五条触角、两只眼及四对tentacular cirri；the eversible proboscis is cylindrical and dotted with rounded papillae. Each body segment has a pair of parapodia, and the cirri on these are long, thin and pointed. They project outwards, forming a fringe down each side of the body.[7]
分布及栖息地
1990年代以前，巧言虫被认为遍布东北大西洋，包括环绕英国的水域[1]，但形态学及生物化学研究表明在分布于南部的物种应属另一物种，即Eulalia clavigera；而这两个物种形成了一个生物复合种[8]。
As now recognised, E. viridis is native to the northeastern Atlantic Ocean where it is found in the waters off Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Germany, as well as the 法罗群岛, Iceland and 迪斯科岛 at depths from the mid-shore down to about 150米（500英尺）. It is typically found on rocky coasts and on shelly gravel,[9] in rock crevices and 无孔贻贝 beds.[7]
主要分布于在中国分布于山东半岛、辽东半岛[10][11]、黄海、东海、南中国海[1]，还有白海、新西伯利亚群岛、白令海、千岛群岛、勘察加半岛、鄂霍次克海、日本海等海域[1]。 一般栖息于北方和亚热带水域以及主要栖息于潮间带和潮下带海藻、藤壶、牡蛎及海鞘等附着动物和岩石下[1][5][6]。其生存的海拔下限为-2400米[1]。
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生物学
Although many worms in this family are 捕食 and actively hunt prey, E. viridis seems to be more selective in its diet, and researchers found that it only consumed moribund or dead animal tissue. Breeding does not take place until the worms are at least two years old, and they are not thought to form swarms as do some other related species.[12] The greenish gelatinous egg mass is attached to 褐藻纲, but some populations seem not to have egg masses. The larvae pass through one or two 担轮幼虫 stages and two other stages before settling on the sea bed as a five- to nine-segmented larva, after up to nine weeks.[12]
参考文献
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