在中医学，胃为六腑之一，和五脏中的脾为表里。功能主要是受纳和腐熟水谷，因此有“水谷之海”(《灵枢·海论》)之称；饮食物经过胃而下送小肠，故胃以通降为顺；人体的气血、津液等为食物中营养物质所化生，首先依靠胃的受纳，故胃气的强弱对保持人体健康和疾病的预后有重要关系。
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