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硬脊膜外麻醉
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硬脊膜外麻醉(英语:epidura、epidural analgesia/epidural anaesthesial),是局部麻醉的一种。透过导管,将药物注射在硬脊膜外间隙。注射药物阻隔附近脊髓神经传送讯息,从而可以使到失去感觉(麻醉),或只达至失去痛楚(止痛)。人体的“硬脊膜外间隙”是脊椎的一部分。硬脊膜外间隙位置在骨质的椎管内,硬脊膜以外 。硬脊膜内为蛛网膜。蛛网膜包著脑脊液,脑脊液围绕著脊髓。

脊椎麻醉是另一种不同的局部麻醉方法,将麻醉药直接注射到脑脊液。这方法与硬脊膜外麻醉有相类似之处,二者不相同,但亦有时会同用。 硬脊膜外止痛是分娩时常用的止痛方法。在自然分娩过程中使用的硬脊膜外止痛的用药,一般只会消除痛楚,但不足以令肌肉力量减少;而经过医师的指导下用力(子宫收缩时),不会因为失去感觉而影响生产进度,亦不足以用作施行手术。
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延伸阅读
- Boqing Chen and Patrick M. Foye, UMDNJ: New Jersey Medical School, Epidural Steroid Injections: Non-surgical Treatment of Spine Pain, eMedicine: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PM&R), August 2005. Also available online (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).
- LEIGHTON, B. The effects of epidural analgesia on labor, maternal, and neonatal outcomes: A systematic review*1. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2002-05, 186 (5): S67-S77. ISSN 0002-9378. PMID 12011873. doi:10.1067/mob.2002.121813.
- Zhang, Jun; Yancey, Michael K.; Klebanoff, Mark A.; Schwarz, Jenifer; Schweitzer, Dina. Does epidural analgesia prolong labor and increase risk of cesarean delivery? A natural experiment. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology. 2001-07-01, 185 (1): 128-134. ISSN 0002-9378. PMID 11483916. doi:10.1067/mob.2001.113874 (英语).
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外部链接
- Epidurals for pain relief in labour (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) Comprehensive information with women's stories - informedhealthonline.org
- Epidural and nerve root injections pain treatment explained
- What Is An Epidural Headache? - Epidural Headaches Explained
- MedlinePlus Encyclopedia (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
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