英语不规则动词

英语中有大约 200 个不规则动词，如果把前缀派生词也计算在内的话，则会更多。在大多数情况下，不规则动词的不规则性体现在过去式和过去分词上。

本条目包含了英语中常用的不规则动词。完整的不规则动词表可参见英语不规则动词列表。

通常来说，不规则动词的第三人称单数和现在分词的屈折变化（分别是加 -[e]s 或 -ing 后缀）是规则的，但也有一些例外：如动词 be, have, do, go, say 等。有些情态动词则没有部分屈折形态。

英语中的不规则动词包含了日常生活中最常用的动词。英语中的新词（如外来词）往往遵循一般的屈折变化，除非它们的词根是一个不规则动词（如 housesit 遵循和 sit 一样的不规则屈折变化）。

现代英语中的大部分的不规则动词由日耳曼语强变化动词派生而来，这些动词往往通过元音变换来体现屈折形式，比如现代英语中 sing-sang-sung。相对的，规则动词在词尾加 -ed 的屈折变化，则是来源于日耳曼语弱变化动词在词尾加齿音（-t 或 -d）的习惯。^[1]

有关动词英语中规则动词变位的信息，可参见英语动词条目。

列表

本列表包含184个现代英语中常用的不规则动词。罕用、仅在方言中使用、现今不再使用、透过给基础动词加上前缀形成的动词（如 unbend、 understand,、mistak等，收录在第二个表格中）不包含在内。不收录非限定动词（如 clad, sodden 等）

以下列表中，加底线的变体代表其为较少使用的变体。

过去式/过去分词不规则

• B
• be (am、is、are) – was (were) – been
• bear – bore – borne/bore
• beat – beat – beaten
• begin – began – begun
• bend – bent – bent
• bet – bet – bet
• bid – bade/bid – bidden/bid
• bide – bided/bode – bided
• bind – bound – bound
• bite – bit – bitten
• bleed – bled – bled
• blend – blended/blent – blended/blent
• blow – blew – blown
• break – broke – broken
• breed – bred – bred
• bring – brought – brought
• build – built – built
• burn – burnt/burned – burnt/burned
• burst – burst – burst
• buy – bought – bought
• C
• can – could/canned– canned
• cast – cast – cast
• catch – caught – caught
• chide – chided/chid – chided/chid/chidden
• choose – chose – chosen
• clad – clad/cladded – clad/cladded
• cleave – clove/cleft/cleaved – cloven/cleft/cleaved
• cling – clung – clung
• clothe – clothed/clad – clothed/clad
• come – came – come
• cost – cost – cost
• creep – crept/creeped – crept/creeped
• crow – crowed/crew – crowed
• cut – cut – cut
• D
• deal – dealt – dealt
• dig – dug – dug
• dive – dived/dove – dived/dove
• do (does）– did – done
• draw – drew – drawn
• dream – dreamed/dreamt – dreamed/dreamt
• drink – drank – drunk
• drive – drove – driven
• dwell – dwelt/dwelled – dwelt/dwelled
• E
• eat – ate – eaten
• F
• fall – fell – fallen
• feed – fed – fed
• feel – felt – felt
• fight – fought – fought
• find – found – found
• fit – fit/fitted – fit/fitted
• flee – fled – fled
• fling – flung – flung
• fly – flew – flown
• forsake – forsook – forsaken
• freeze – froze – frozen
• G
• get – got – gotten/got
• gild – gilded/gilt – gilded/gilt
• give – gave – given
• go – went – gone
• grind – ground – ground
• grow – grew – grown
• H
• hang – hung/hanged – hung/hanged
• have (has) – had – had
• hear – heard – heard
• hew – hewed – hewn/hewed
• hide – hid – hidden
• hit – hit – hit
• hold – held – held
• hurt – hurt – hurt
• K
• keep – kept – kept
• kneel – knelt/kneeled – knelt/kneeled
• knit – knit/knitted – knit/knitted
• know – knew – known
• L
• lay – laid – laid
• lead – led – led
• lean – leaned/leant – leaned/leant
• leap – leaped/leapt – leaped/leapt
• learn – learned/learnt – learned/learnt
• leave – left – left
• lend – lent – lent
• let – let – let
• lie – lay/lied – lain/lied
• light – lit/lighted – lit/lighted
• lose – lost – lost
• M
• make – made – made
• may – might – 缺
• mean – meant – meant
• meet – met – met
• mow – mowed – mowed/mown
• P
• pay – paid – paid
• plead – pleaded/pled – pleaded/pled
• prove – proved – proved/proven
• put – put – put
• Q
• quit – quit – quit
• R
• read（ /riːd/ ）– read（ /rɛd/ ）– read（ /rɛd/）
• rend – rent – rent
• rid – rid/ridded – rid/ridded
• ride – rode – ridden
• ring – rang – rung
• rise – rose – risen
• run – ran – run
• S
• saw – sawed – sawn/sawed
• say (says /sɛz/) – said – said
• see – saw – seen
• seek – sought – sought
• sell – sold – sold
• send – sent – sent
• set – set – set
• sew – sewed – sewn/sewed
• shake – shook – shaken
• shall – should – 缺
• shear – sheared – shorn/sheared
• shed – shed – shed
• shine – shone/shined – shone/shined
• shit – shat/shit/shitted – shat/shit/shitted
• shoe – shoed/shod – shoed/shod
• shoot – shot – shot
• show – showed – shown/showed
• shrink – shrank/shrunk – shrunk
• shrive – shrove – shriven
• shut – shut – shut
• sing – sang – sung
• sink – sank – sunk
• sit – sat – sat
• slay – slew/slayed – slain/slayed
• sleep – slept – slept
• slide – slid – slid
• sling – slung – slung
• slink – slunk – slunk
• slit – slit – slit
• smell – smelled/smelt – smelled/smelt
• smite – smote – smitten
• sneak – sneaked/snuck – sneaked/snuck
• sow – sowed – sown/sowed
• speak – spoke – spoken
• speed – sped/speeded – sped/speeded
• spell – spelled/spelt – spelled/spelt
• spend – spent – spent
• spill – spilled/spilt – spilled/spilt
• spin – spun – spun
• spit – spat/spitted/spit – spat/spitted/spit
• split – split – split
• spoil – spoiled/spoilt – spoiled/spoilt
• spread – spread – spread
• spring – sprang/sprung – sprung
• stay – stayed/staid – stayed/staid
• stand – stood – stood
• stave – staved/stove – staved/stove
• steal – stole – stolen
• stick – stuck – stuck
• sting – stung – stung
• stink – stank – stunk
• strew – strewed – strewn/strewed
• stride – strode – stridden
• strike – struck – struck/stricken
• string – strung – strung
• strive – strove/strived – striven/strived
• swear – swore – sworn
• sweat – sweated/sweat – sweated/sweat
• sweep – swept – swept
• swell – swelled – swollen/swelled
• swim – swam – swum
• swing – swung – swung
• T
• take – took – taken
• teach – taught – taught
• tear – tore/teared– torn/teared
• tell – told – told
• text – texted/text – texted/text
• think – thought – thought
• thrive – thrived/throve – thrived/thriven
• throw – threw – thrown
• thrust – thrust – thrust
• tread – trod/treaded – trodden/trod/treaded
• W
• wake – woke – woken
• wear – wore – worn
• weave – wove/weaved –wove/woven/weaved
• wed – wed/wedded – wed/wedded
• weep – wept – wept
• wet – wet/wetted – wet/wetted
• will – would – 缺
• win – won – won
• wind – wound – wound
• wring – wrung – wrung
• write – wrote – written

现在式不规则

• B
• be – am/are/is
• D
• do – does
• G
• go – goes（实为规则变化）
• H
• have – has
• S
• say ( /se/ ) – says ( /sɛz/ )

下表为标准英语所规范的207个（包含37个派生动词）个不规则动词。

过去式/过去分词不规则

• A
• a：
  • arise – arose – arisen
  • awake – awoke – awoken
• B
• be：
  • become – became – become
  • befall – befell – befallen
  • beget – begot – begotten
  • behold – beheld – beheld
  • beset – beset – beset
• be (am、is、are) – was (were) – been
• bear – bore – borne
• beat – beat – beaten
• begin – began – begun
• bend – bent – bent
• beseech – besought – besought
• bet – bet – bet
• beware – 缺 – 缺
• bid – bid – bid
• bind – bound – bound
• bite – bit – bitten
• bleed – bled – bled
• blow – blew – blown
• break – broke – broken
• breed – bred – bred
• bring – brought – brought
• build – built – built
• burst – burst – burst
• buy – bought – bought
• C
• can – could/canned– canned
• cast – cast – cast
• catch – caught – caught
• chide – chided – chidden
• choose – chose – chosen
• cleave – clove/cleaved – cloven/cleaved
• cling – clung – clung
• come – came – come
• cost – cost – cost
• creep – crept – crept
• cut – cut – cut
• D
• dare – 缺 – 缺
• deal – dealt – dealt
• dig – dug – dug
• do (does）– did – done
• draw – drew – drawn
• drink – drank – drunk
• drive – drove – driven
• dwell – dwelt – dwelt
• E
• eat – ate – eaten
• F
• for(e)：
  • forbear – forbore – forborne
  • foretell – foretold – foretold
  • forgo – forwent – forgone
  • foresee – forsaw – forseen
  • foreshow – foreshowed – foreshown
• fall – fell – fallen
• feed – fed – fed
• feel – felt – felt
• fight – fought – fought
• find – found – found
• flee – fled – fled
• fling – flung – flung
• fly – flew – flown
• forsake – forsook – forsaken
• freeze – froze – frozen
• G
• get – got – got
• give – gave – given
• gird – girded – girt/girded
• go – went – gone
• grind – ground – ground
• grow – grew – grown
• H
• hang – hung – hung
• have (has) – had – had
• hear – heard – heard
• hew – hewed – hewn
• hide – hid – hidden
• hit – hit – hit
• hold – held – held
• hurt – hurt – hurt
• I
• in：
  • inlay – inlaid – inlaid
  • input – input – input
• inter：
  • interlay – interlaid – interlaid
  • interweave – interwove – interwoven
• K
• keep – kept – kept
• kneel – knelt – knelt
• know – knew – known
• L
• lade – laded – laden
• lay – laid – laid
• lead – led – led
• leave – left – left
• lend – lent – lent
• let – let – let
• lie – lay – lain
• light – lit – lit
• lose – lost – lost
• M
• mis：
  • mislead – misled – misled
  • misspeak – misspoke – misspoken
  • mistake – mistook – mistaken
  • misunderstand – misunderstood – misunderstood
• make – made – made
• may – might – 缺
• mean – meant – meant
• meet – met – met
• mow – mowed – mown
• must – 缺 – 缺
• O
• off：
  • offset – offset – offset
• over：
  • overbid – overbid – overbid
  • overdo – overdid – overdone
• ought – 缺 – 缺
• owe – ought/owed – owed
• P
• pre：
  • prepay – prepaid – prepaid
  • preset – preset – preset
• pay – paid – paid
• prove – proved – proven
• put – put – put
• Q
• quit – quit – quit
• R
• re：
  • redo – redid – redone
  • remake – remade – remade
  • rewrite – rewrote – rewritten
• read（ /riːd/ ）– read（ /rɛd/ ）– read（ /rɛd/）
• rend – rent – rent
• rid – rid – rid
• ride – rode – ridden
• ring – rang – rung
• rise – rose – risen
• rive – rived – rived/riven
• run – ran – run
• S
• saw – sawed – sawn
• say (says /sɛz/) – said – said
• see – saw – seen
• seek – sought – sought
• sell – sold – sold
• send – sent – sent
• set – set – set
• sew – sewed – sewn
• shake – shook – shaken
• shall – should – 缺
• shear – sheared – shorn
• shed – shed – shed
• shine – shone – shone
• shoe – shod – shod
• shoot – shot – shot
• show – showed – shown
• shrink – shrank – shrunk
• shrive – shrove – shriven
• shut – shut – shut
• sing – sang – sung
• sink – sank – sunk
• sit – sat – sat
• slay – slew – slain
• sleep – slept – slept
• slide – slid – slid
• sling – slung – slung
• slink – slunk – slunk
• slit – slit – slit
• smell – smelt – smelt
• smite – smote – smitten
• sow – sowed – sown
• speak – spoke – spoken
• speed – sped – sped
• spend – spent – spent
• spill – spilt – spilt
• spin – spun – spun
• spit – spat/spitted – spat/spitted
• split – split – split
• spoil – spoilt – spoilt
• spread – spread – spread
• spring – sprang – sprung
• stand – stood – stood
• stave – staved/stove – staved/stove
• steal – stole – stolen
• stick – stuck – stuck
• sting – stung – stung
• stink – stank – stunk
• strew – strewed – strewn
• stride – strode – stridden
• strike – struck – struck
• string – strung – strung
• strive – strove – striven
• swear – swore – sworn
• sweep – swept – swept
• swell – swelled – swollen
• swim – swam – swum
• swing – swung – swung
• T
• take – took – taken
• teach – taught – taught
• tear – tore– torn
• tell – told – told
• think – thought – thought
• thrive – thrived – thriven
• throw – threw – thrown
• thrust – thrust – thrust
• tread – trod – trodden
• U
• un:：
  • unbend – unbent – unbent
  • unweave – unwove – unwoven
• under：
  • underlie – underlay – underlain
  • understand – understood – understood
  • undertake – undertook – undertook
• up：
  • upset – upset – upset
• W
• with：
  • withdraw – withdrew – withdrawn
  • withhold – withheld – withheld
  • withstand – withstood – withstood
• wake – woke – woken
• wear – wore – worn
• weave – wove/weaved – woven/weaved
• wed – wed – wed
• weep – wept – wept
• wet – wet – wet
• will – would – 缺
• win – won – won
• wind – wound – wound
• wring – wrung – wrung
• write – wrote – written

现在式不规则

• B
• be – am/are/is
• D
• do – does
• G
• go – goes（实为规则变化）
• H
• have – has
• S
• say ( /se/ ) – says ( /sɛz/ )

下表为英语前35常用动词是否为不规则动词的表格整理。

排名		单字	是否为
			不规则	强变化
			动词
1		be	是	否
2		have
3		do
4		say
5		get
6		make
7		go		混合型
8		kmow		是
9		take
10		see
11		come
12		think		否
13		look	否
14		want
15		give	是	是
16		use	否	否
17		find	是
18		tell
19		ask	否
20		work
21		seem
22		feel	是
23		try	否
24		leave	是
25		call	否
26		put	是
27		keep
28		let
29		begin		是
30		help	否	否
31		talk
32		turn
33		Start
34		show	混合型	是
35		hear	是
统计	前35	是	22	8
		否	12	26
		混合型	1	1
	前10	是	10	3
		否	0	6
		混合型	0	1