螔螺属

螔螺属（学名：Limacina）是翼足目螔螺科之下的一个海洋腹足纲软体动物门属，即俗称“海蝴蝶”的一种。本属物种是腹足纲之下其中一个物种非常丰富的属^[3][4]。

螔螺属
在阿拉斯加的海里拍摄到的一只螔螺（Limacina helicina）
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	软体动物门 Mollusca
纲：	腹足纲 Gastropoda
目：	翼足目 Pteropoda
科：	螔螺科 Limacinidae
属：	螔螺属 Limacina Bosc, 1817[1]
模式种
Clio helicina Phipps, 1774
种
见内文
异名[2]
Heterofusus Fleming, 1823 Limacina (Limacina) Bosc, 1817 · accepted, alternate representation Lornia Marwick, 1926 Munthea van der Spoel, 1967 (unavailable name: no type species designated) Scaea Philippi, 1844 Spiratella Blainville, 1817 (Objective synonym of Limacina) Spirialis Eydoux & Souleyet, 1840

本属的学名“Limacina”本身的意思其实就是“像蜗牛”^[5]

作为一种在海洋的浮游生物界生活的腹足纲物种，螔螺属透过拍动它们的一双拟足（亦作疣足，parapoida）来在水中畅泳，所以得来“海蝴蝶”的美名。

海蝴蝶是有壳翼足类支序（Thecosomata）的成员，与之相对的是属于裸壳翼足类支序（Gymnosomata）的海天使。这两个支序的成员合组成为翼足类。两者的分别在于有壳翼足类的成员的背上还留有一个或大或小的壳，但裸壳翼足类的壳已完全褪化。

物种

本属物种同时有化石种及生存种，分别如下：

• † Limacina atypica (Laws, 1944)
• (recent) Limacina bulimoides (d'Orbigny, 1836)^[6][7]- Bulimoid pteropod. Distribution: Red Sea, Pacific. Length: 1.2 mm.
• † Limacina erasmiana Janssen, 2010^[8]
• † Limacina dilatata (Koenen, 1892)
• † Limacina ferax (Laws, 1944)
• † Limacina gormani (Curry, 1982)^[7]
• † Limacina guersi Janssen, 2010^[8]
• 螔螺 Limacina helicina (Phipps, 1774)：模式种^[6]。
• (recent) Limacina lesueurii (d'Orbigny, 1836) - Distribution: North America, Western Atlantic.
• † Limacina limata (Marwick, 1926)
• † Limacina pygmaea (Lamarck, 1805)^[7][8]
• (recent) Limacina rangii (d'Orbigny, 1834)
• 后弯螔螺 Limacina retroversa (Fleming, 1823)：分布于北美洲的西大西洋及北冰洋，属于是亚寒带种。
• † Limacina sculptilis (Maxwell, 1992)
• † Limacina taylori (Curry, 1965)^[8]
• (recent) Limacina trochiformis (d'Orbigny, 1836) - Trochiform pteropod. Distribution: North America, Western Atlantic, Red Sea, Pacific. Length: 1 mm.
• † Limacina valvatina (Reuss, 1867)^[7]
• † Limacina? vegrandis Cahuzac & Janssen, 2010^[7]

下列物种皆为同种异名：

• (recent) Limacina antarctica Woodward, 1854::^[9]synonym of Limacina rangii f. antarctica Woodward, 1854: synonym of Limacina rangii (d'Orbigny, 1834)
• Limacina balea Møller, 1841: synonym of Limacina retroversa (Fleming, 1823)
• Limacina contorta Sykes, 1905: synonym of Limacina trochiformis (d'Orbigny, 1834)
• Limacina crossei Pelseneer, 1888: synonym of Limacina lesueurii (d'Orbigny, 1835)
• Limacina cucullata Gould, 1852: synonym of Limacina rangii f. antarctica Woodward, 1854: synonym of Limacina rangii (d'Orbigny, 1834)
• Limacina helicialis Lamarck, 1819: synonym of Limacina helicina (Phipps, 1774)
• (recent) Limacina helicoides Jeffreys, 1877 - synonym of Thielea helicoides (Jeffreys, 1877)
• (recent) Limacina inflata (d'Orbigny, 1836) - Planorbid pteropod. Distribution: circumglobal, Red Sea, Pacific. Length: 1 mm. Description: the shell is flatly twisted, resembling the shell of the cephalopod Nautilus. - synonym: Heliconoides inflata (d’Orbigny, 1836)
• Limacina naticoides Souleyet, 1852: synonym of Limacina trochiformis (d'Orbigny, 1834)
• Limacina pacifica Dall, 1871: synonym of Limacina helicina pacifica Dall, 1871
• Limacina scaphoidea Gould, 1852: synonym of Heliconoides inflatus (d'Orbigny, 1834)