磷（原子量：30.973761998(5)）共有23個同位素，其中31P是穩定的，其他都具有放射性。30P是人類獲得的第一種人工放射性同位素。
Quick Facts 同位素, 衰變 ...
主要的磷同位素|
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| 標準原子質量 (Ar, 標準) | - 7001309737619980000♠30.973761998(5)[1]
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More information 符號, Z ...
| 符號
|
Z
|
N
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同位素質量（u）
[n 1][n 2]
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半衰期
[n 1][n 2]
|
衰變
方式[2]
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衰變
產物
[n 3]
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原子核
自旋[n 1]
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相對豐度
（莫耳分率）
|
| 24P
|
15
|
9
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24.03435(54)#
|
無數據
|
p (>99.9%)
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23Si
|
(1+)#
|
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| β+ (<.1%)
|
24Si
|
| 25P
|
15
|
10
|
25.02026(21)#
|
<30 ns
|
p
|
24Si
|
(1/2+)#
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| 26P[n 4]
|
15
|
11
|
26.01178(21)#
|
43.7(6) ms
|
β+ (98.1%)
|
26Si
|
(3+)
|
|
| β+, 2p (1.0%)
|
24Mg
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| β+, p (.9%)
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25Al
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| 27P
|
15
|
12
|
26.999230(28)
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260(80) ms
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β+ (99.93%)
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27Si
|
1/2+
|
|
| β+, p (.07%)
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26Al
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| 28P
|
15
|
13
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27.992315(4)
|
270.3(5) ms
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β+ (99.99%)
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28Si
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3+
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|
| β+, p (.0013%)
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27Al
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| β+, α (8.6×10−4%)
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24Mg
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| 29P
|
15
|
14
|
28.9818006(6)
|
4.142(15) s
|
β+
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29Si
|
1/2+
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| 30P
|
15
|
15
|
29.9783138(3)
|
2.498(4) min
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β+
|
30Si
|
1+
|
|
31
P
|
15
|
16
|
30.97376163(20)
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穩定
|
1/2+
|
1.0000
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32
P
|
15
|
17
|
31.97390727(20)
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14.263(3) d
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β−
|
32S
|
1+
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痕量
|
| 33P
|
15
|
18
|
32.9717255(12)
|
25.34(12) d
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β−
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33S
|
1/2+
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| 34P
|
15
|
19
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33.973636(5)
|
12.43(8) s
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β−
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34S
|
1+
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|
| 35P
|
15
|
20
|
34.9733141(20)
|
47.3(7) s
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β−
|
35S
|
1/2+
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|
| 36P
|
15
|
21
|
35.978260(14)
|
5.6(3) s
|
β−
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36S
|
4−#
|
|
| 37P
|
15
|
22
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36.97961(4)
|
2.31(13) s
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β−
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37S
|
1/2+#
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| 38P
|
15
|
23
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37.98416(11)
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0.64(14) s
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β− (88%)
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38S
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|
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| β−, n (12%)
|
37S
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| 39P
|
15
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24
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38.98618(11)
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190(50) ms
|
β− (74%)
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39S
|
1/2+#
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| β−, n (26%)
|
38S
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| 40P
|
15
|
25
|
39.99130(15)
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153(8) ms
|
β− (70%)
|
40S
|
(2−,3−)
|
|
| β−, n (30%)
|
39S
|
| 41P
|
15
|
26
|
40.99434(23)
|
100(5) ms
|
β− (70%)
|
41S
|
1/2+#
|
|
| β−, n (30%)
|
40S
|
| 42P
|
15
|
27
|
42.00101(48)
|
48.5(15) ms
|
β− (50%)
|
42S
|
|
|
| β−, n (50%)
|
41S
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| 43P
|
15
|
28
|
43.00619(104)
|
36.5(15) ms
|
β−, n
|
42S
|
1/2+#
|
|
| 44P
|
15
|
29
|
44.01299(75)#
|
18.5(25) ms
|
β−
|
44S
|
|
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| 45P
|
15
|
30
|
45.01922(86)#
|
8# ms [>200 ns]
|
β−
|
45S
|
1/2+#
|
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| 46P
|
15
|
31
|
46.02738(97)#
|
4# ms [>200 ns]
|
β−
|
46S
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畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的証明，僅為理論推測。
Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2022-05-04. ISSN 1365-3075. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603 （英語）.
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館）, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database （頁面存檔備份，存於互聯網檔案館） (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.
