西薩特拉普王朝（Kshatrapas/Kshaharatas，意為「西部總督」）是斯基泰人(塞迦人)在印度中西部建立的王國，範圍包括索拉什特拉和摩臘婆，大致對應今天的古吉拉特邦、馬哈拉施特拉邦、拉賈斯坦邦，和中央邦。一般認為貴霜王朝是其宗主國，因為從貨幣上可以知道他們自稱薩特拉普(Satrap，古波斯語意為「總督」)，但克勞狄烏斯·托勒密在他的地理學指南中依然稱他們印度-斯基泰人。[1]他們被稱為西薩特拉普是因為在東旁遮普和馬圖拉地區還有個北薩特拉普王朝(北部總督)。[2]
西薩特拉普王朝長期與南方的大國百乘王朝交戰，在公元2世紀左右與百乘王朝的雄主瞿曇彌子娑多迦尼和其子伐色濕底布陀羅·普魯摩夷戰爭失利後開始逐漸衰弱，[3]在4世紀左右被笈多王朝的旃陀羅·笈多二世徹底消滅。[4]
歷代君主
Kshaharata王朝
- Yapirajaya
- Hospises
- Higaraka
- Abhiraka (Aubhirakes)
- Bhumaka (?–119)
- Nahapana (119–124)
Bhadramukhas王朝
- Chastana (c. 78-130)
- Jayadaman
- Rudradaman I (c. 130–150)
- Damajadasri I (170–175)
- Jivadaman (175, d. 199)
- Rudrasimha I (175–188, d. 197)
- Isvaradatta (188–191)
- Rudrasimha I (restored) (191–197)
- Jivadaman (restored) (197–199)
- Rudrasena I (200–222)
- Samghadaman (222–223)
- Damasena (223–232)
- Damajadasri II (232–239) with
- Viradaman (234–238)
- Yasodaman I (239)
- Vijayasena (239–250)
- Damajadasri III (251–255)
- Rudrasena II (255–277)
- Visvasimha (277–282)
- Bhartrdaman (282–295)
- Visvasena (293–304)
- Rudrasimha II (304–348)
- Yasodaman II (317–332)
- Rudradaman II (332–348)
- Rudrasena III (348–380)
- Simhasena (380–384(5?)
- Rudrasena IV (382–388)
- Rudrasimha III (388–395)
文物
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希臘文「ΡΑΝΝΙΩ ΞΑΗΑΡΑΤΑϹ ΝΑΗΑΠΑΝΑϹ，普拉克里特語「Raño Kshaharatasa Nahapanasa」，意為王-總督-Nahapana，大英博物館藏
參見
參考文獻
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