Ko-lê-jī

Ko-lê-jī (高麗字)^[1], tī Lâm-Hân kiò Hangeul (한글), tī Pak-tiâu-sián kiò Chosŏn'gŭl (조선글, 朝鮮글) , chá-sî kiò-chò gān-bûn (諺文, 언문), sī hiān-tāi Tiâu-sián-gí (Hân-kok-gí) thong-ēng sī su-siá hong-sek, sī tùi 15 sè-kí Tiâu-sián Ông-tiâu ê Sè-chong Tāi-ông kong-pò͘ ê Hùn-bîn Chèng-im hoat-tián kàu taⁿ.

Le̍k-sú

Ko-lê-jī ê thui-kóng-chiá sī Sè-chong Tāi-ông, Tiâu-sián Ông-tiâu ê tē-4 tāi kun-chú. Chi̍p-hiân-tiān (集賢殿), kap Sè-chong chò-hóe gián-kiù ê chi̍t pan ha̍k-chiá, sī it-poaⁿ jīn-ûi thâu chi̍t phoe khai-hoat kiam kái-liông Ko-lê-jī ê lâng.

Khai-hoat kè-ōe sī 1443 nî 12 goe̍h té he̍k-chiá 1444 nî 1 goe̍h sî goân-sêng--ê. 1446 nî ê sî-chūn, in chhut-pán Hùn-bîn Chèng-im (訓民正音) lâi kài-siāu chit thò bûn-jī. Tong-nî iáu ū chi̍t pún Hùn-bîn Chèng-im Kái-lē, î-it ê chho͘-pán chheh-pún sī 1940 nî chiah hō͘ ha̍k-chiá Jeon Hyeongpil hoat-kiàn--ê; lōe-iông sī tùi jī-bó siat-kè ê ké-soeh.

Jī-bó lia̍t-toaⁿ

Hangeul ê "jī-bó" tī Tiâu-sián-gí tha̍k chò "jamo". Chia-ê jī-bó ē-tàng hun:

• 14-ê chú-im (자음/子音 jaeum)
• 5-ê siang chú-im (쌍자음/雙子音 ssang jaeum)
• 10-ê bó-im (모음/母音 moeum)
• 11-ê siang bó-im (쌍모음/雙母音 ssang moeum)

Leng-goā koh ū:

• 11-ê hok chú-im (복자음/複子音 bok jaeum)

Ko-lê-jī ê jī-bó (Hangeul Jamo, 한글 자모)

Ki-pún jī-bó
Chú-im					Bó-im
Jī-bó	Miâ	Lô-má-jī	Hoat-im (Hangeul)	Hoat-im (IPA)	Jī-bó	Miâ	Lô-má-jī	Hoat-im (Hangeul)	Hoat-im (IPA)
ㄱ	기역 (giyeok)	g/k	gu/k	[g-]/[-k̚]	ㅏ	아 (a)	a	a	[-a-]
ㄴ	니은 (nieun)	n	n	[n-]/[-n]	ㅑ	야 (ya)	ya	ya	[-ja-]
ㄷ	디귿 (digeut)	d/t	d/t	[d-]/[-t̚]	ㅓ	어 (eo)	eo	o	[-ʌ-]
ㄹ	리을 (rieul)	r/l	r/l	[ɾ-]/[-ʎ]	ㅕ	여 (yeo)	yeo	yo	[-jʌ-]
ㅁ	미음 (mieum)	m	m	[m-]/[-m]	ㅗ	오 (o)	o	ô	[-o-]
ㅂ	비읍 (bieup)	b/p	b/p	[b-]/[-p̚]	ㅛ	요 (yo)	yo	yô	[-jo-]
ㅅ	시옷 (siot)	s/t	s/t	[s-]/[-t̚]	ㅜ	우 (u)	u	ou	[-u-]
ㅇ	이응 (ieung)	ng	ng	[-ŋ]	ㅠ	유 (yu)	yu	you	[-ju-]
ㅈ	지읒 (jieut)	j/t	dj/t	[tɕ-]/[-t̚]	ㅡ	으 (eu)	eu	eu	[-ɯ-]
ㅊ	치읓 (chieut)	ch/t	tch/t	[tɕʰ-]/[-t̚]	ㅣ	이 (i)	i	i	[-i-]
ㅋ	키읔 (kieuk)	k	kh	[kʰ-]/[-k̚]
ㅌ	티읕 (tieut)	t	th	[tʰ-]/[-t̚]
ㅍ	피읖 (pieup)	p	ph	[pʰ-]/[-p̚]
ㅎ	히읗 (hieut)	h/t	h/t	[h-]/[-t̚]
Ha̍p-seng jī-bó
Siang chú-im					Siang bó-im
Jī-bó	Miâ	Lô-má-jī	Hoat-im (Hangeul)	Hoat-im (IPA)	Jī-bó	Miâ	Lô-má-jī	Hoat-im (Hangeul)	Hoat-im (IPA)
ㄲ	쌍기역 (ssanggiyeok)	kk	k appuyé	[kʼ-]/[-k̚]	ㅐ	애 (ae)	ae	è	[-ɛ-]
ㄸ	쌍디귿 (ssangdigeut)	tt	t appuyé	[tʼ-]/[-t̚]	ㅒ	얘 (yae)	yae	yè	[-jɛ-]
ㅃ	쌍비읍 (ssangbieup)	pp	p appuyé	[pʼ-]/[-p̚]	ㅔ	에 (e)	e	é	[-e-]
ㅆ	쌍시옷 (ssangsiot)	ss	s appuyé	[sʼ-]/[-t̚]	ㅖ	예 (ye)	ye	yé	[-je-]
ㅉ	쌍지읒 (ssangjieut)	jj	tch appuyé	[tɕʼ-]/[-t̚]	ㅘ	와 (wa)	wa	wa	[-wa-]
Hok chú-im					ㅙ	왜 (wae)	wae	wè	[-wɛ-]
Jī-bó	Miâ	Lô-má-jī	Hoat-im (Hangeul)	Hoat-im (IPA)	ㅚ	외 (oe)	oe	wi	[-wi-]
ㄳ	기역 시옷 (giyeok siot)	ks	x	[-k̚]/[-ks-]	ㅝ	워 (weo)	weo	wo	[-wʌ-]
ㄵ	니은 지읒 (nieun jieut)	nj	ndj	[-n]/[-ntɕ-]	ㅞ	웨 (we)	we	wé	[-we-]
ㄶ	니은 히읗 (nieun hieut)	nh	nh	[-n]/[-nx-]	ㅟ	위 (wi)	wi	wi	[-wi-]
ㄺ	리을 기억 (rieul giyeok)	lg	lg	[-ʎ]/[-ʎg-]	ㅢ	의 (ui)	eui	euil	[-ɰi-]
ㄻ	리을 미음 (rieul mieum)	lm	lm	[-ʎ]/[-ʎm-]
ㄼ	리을 비읍 (rieul bieup)	lb	lb	[-ʎ]/[-ʎb-]
ㄽ	리을 시옷 (rieul siot)	ls	ls	[-ʎ]/[-ʎs-]
ㄾ	리을 티읕 (rieul tieut)	lt	lt	[-ʎ]/[-ʎtʰ-]
ㄿ	리을 피읖 (rieul pieup)	lp	lph	[-ʎ]/[-ʎpʰ-]
ㅀ	리을 히읗 (rieul hieut)	lh	lh	[-ʎ]/[-ʎx-]
ㅄ	비읍 시옷 (bieup siot)	bs	ps	[-p̚]/[-ps-]

Jī-bó ê cho͘-ha̍p

Chi̍t-ê im-chiat sī 2-ê í-siōng ê jī-bó lâi cho͘-siaⁿ, ū-ê sī chú-im + bó-im; ū-ê sī chú-im + bó-im + chú-im.

Tī im-chiat thâu ê chú-im jī-bó kiò "chho͘-siaⁿ" (thâu siaⁿ); tiong-ng ê bó-im kiò "tiong-siaⁿ"; im-chiat boé ê chú-im kiò "chiong-siaⁿ" (boé siaⁿ).

Chho͘-siaⁿ chham tiong-siaⁿ tī siá jī sî ê cho͘-ha̍p ū 3-khoán hêng-sek:

chho͘ tiong	가 ga		Tiong-siaⁿ tī chiàⁿ-pêng; chhō͘-siaⁿ tī tò-pêng, chia-ê tiong-siaⁿ ū: ㅏ, ㅑ, ㅓ, ㅕ, ㅣ, ㅐ, ㅒ, ㅔ, ㅖ.
chho͘ tiong	고 go		Chhō͘-siaⁿ tī téng-bīn; tiong-siaⁿ tī ē-kha, chia-ê tiong-siaⁿ ū: ㅗ, ㅛ, ㅜ, ㅠ, ㅡ.
chho͘ tiong2 tiong1	과 gwa		Chho͘-siaⁿ tī téng-tò-kak; tiong-siaⁿ tī ē-kha kap chiàⁿ-pêng, chia-ê tiong-siaⁿ ū: ㅘ, ㅙ, ㅚ, ㅝ, ㅞ, ㅟ, ㅢ.

Lēng-goā chiong-siaⁿ it-lu̍t khèng siāng ē-kha:

ㄴㅅㅅㄱ

chho͘ tiong chiong ㅂㅅㄷㄴ	chho͘ tiong chiong	chho͘ tiong2 tiong1 chiong
간 gan	곤 gon	관 gwan

Choán-siá hē-thóng

Siông-sè chhiáⁿ khoàⁿ: Hân-kok-gí Lô-má-jī

• Kok-gí Lô-má-jī Piáu-kì-hoat
• McCune–Reischauer
• Yale Lô-má-hoà
• ISO/TR 11941
• Kontsevich hē-thóng (Kyril jī)