云杉属（学名：Picea）是松柏目松科下的一个属，为常绿乔木植物。该属共有约35种，分布于北温带。[1]
分类
DNA研究显示基于松针和松果外貌的形态学分类并不可靠[3][4]，而依据DNA将该属的布鲁尔氏云杉、北美云杉定为基位物种、剩下的种分入三个进化枝。所有的云杉属植物均源自北美洲，该属的化石记录最早可追溯到1.36亿年前的白垩纪早期。[5]
下属物种
本属包括以下物种：[6]
- 欧洲云杉 Picea abies Degen
- Picea amabilis Gordon, 1858
- Picea amabilis hort. ex Carrière, 1867
- 云杉 Picea asperata
- 白皮云杉 Picea aurantiaca
- Picea bicolor hort. ex Beissn.
- 麦吊云杉 Picea brachyphylla hort. ex Mast.
- 油麦吊云杉 Picea brachytyla var. complanata
- Picea brachytila Masters
- 布鲁尔氏云杉 Picea breweriana
- Picea cinerea Baumann ex Gordon, 1858
- 青海云杉 Picea crassifolia
- Picea fraseri Emerson
- 白云杉 Picea glauca hort. ex Beissn.
- Picea herbertiana Madden ex Carrière, 1855
- Picea hondoensis Mayr ex Koehne, 1893
- Picea jezoensis Maxim., 1857
- 红皮云杉 Picea koraiensis
- Picea lasiocarpa hort. ex Gordon, 1862
- 丽江云杉 Picea likiangensis
- Picea magnifica hort. ex Carrière, 1867
- Picea mariana Kuntze, 1891
- Picea maximowiczii Regel
- 白扦 Picea meyeri
- 蒙古云杉 Picea meyeri var. mogolica
- Picea microphylla Carrière, 1867
- 台湾云杉 Picea morrisonicola Hayata
- Picea mucronata Carrière, 1867
- 新疆云杉 Picea obovata
- 塞尔维亚云杉 Picea omorica Pančić ex Stein
- Picea parryana hort. ex Parry
- 紫果云杉 Picea purpurea
- 鳞皮云杉 Picea retroflexa
- 雪岭杉 Picea schrenkiana
- 北美云杉 Picea sitchensis
- Picea sitkaensis Mayr ex Beissn.
- 长叶云杉 Picea smithiana
- 西藏云杉 Picea spinulosa
- 日本云杉 Picea torano
- Picea veitchii hort. ex Mast., 1881
- 青扦 Picea wilsonii
参考文献
外部链接
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