吉兹语

吉兹语
吉兹语
格厄兹语
ግዕዝ Gəʿəz
发音	国际音标：[ɡɨʕɨz]
母语国家和地区	厄立特里亚、埃塞俄比亚
语言灭亡	估计在4世纪至10世纪之间。; 仍然作为礼拜语言使用。
语系	亚非语系闪米特语族西闪米特语支南闪族语言（英语：South Semitic languages）埃塞俄比亚闪族语言（英语：Ethiopian Semitic languages）北埃塞俄比亚语言（英语：North Ethiopic languages）吉兹语; ; ; ; ; ;
文字	吉兹字母
官方地位
作为官方语言	埃塞俄比亚正教会、厄立特里亚正教会（英语：Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church）、埃塞俄比亚礼天主教会及贝塔以色列人的礼拜语言。
语言代码
ISO 639-2	gez
ISO 639-3	gez
	本条目包含国际音标符号。部分操作系统及浏览器需要特殊字母与符号支持才能正确显示，否则可能显示为乱码、问号、空格等其它符号。

吉兹语^[5]^[6]（英语：Geʽez，/ˈɡiːɛz/^[7]^[8]）或格厄兹语^[9]（吉兹语：ግዕዝ，Gəʿəz，国际音标：[ɡɨʕɨz]^{[注 1]}），又称古典埃塞俄比亚语，是一种古代的语言，现在只作宗教用途。这种语言在东非洲的非洲之角、埃塞俄比亚高原之上发展。

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[a]
/æ/ in the Amharic liturgical pronunciation,^[10] or /ɐ/^[11] (as in Tigrinya).
[b]
According to Lambdin.^[12]

[1]
Evans De Lacy O'Leary, 2000 "Comparative grammar of the semitic languages". Routledge. P 23.
[2]
Gene Gragg 1997. "The Semitic Languages". Taylor & Francis. Robert Hetzron Ed. ISBN 978-0-415-05767-7.
[3]
"No longer in popular use, Ge'ez has always remained the language of the Church", [CHA]
[4]
"They read the Bible in Geez" (Leaders and Religion of the Falashas); "after each passage, recited in Geez, the translation is read in Kailina" (Festivals). [PER]. Note the publication date of this source.
[5]
唐作藩. 中国语言文字学大辞典. 中国大百科全书出版社. 2007: 6. ISBN 9787500076803.
[6]
簡明大英百科全書. 台湾中华书局. 1988: 56, 625.
[7]
Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student’s Handbook, Edinburgh
[8]
Geez. 牛津英语词典 (第三版). 牛津大学出版社. 2005-09 （英语）.
[9]
洪放. 死海古卷. 揭示二千年前聖經真貌（下）. 基督教周报. No. 2487 (香港华人基督教联会). 2012-04-22 [2020-09-30]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-20）（中文（繁体））.
[10]
Gragg 1997a，第177页: "/ä/ is low central front, higher and more forward than /a/, secondarily perhaps also shorter; approximates IPA [æ]."
[11]
Lambdin 1978，第3页: "a [æ, ä]"
[12]
Lambdin 1978，第3页: "ā [a, ɑ]"

[BUD] Budge, E. A. Wallis. 1928. A History of Ethiopia: Nubia and Abyssinia, Oosterhout, the Netherlands: Anthropological Publications, 1970.
CHA Chain, M. Ethiopia transcribed by: Donahue M. in The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume V. Published 1909. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Nihil Obstat, May 1, 1909. Remy Lafort, Censor. Imprimatur. + John M. Farley, Archbishop of New York
[DIR] Diringer, David. 1968. The Alphabet, A Key To The History of Mankind.
[KOB] Kobishchanov, Yuri M. 1979. Axum in SomeCollectionOfWritings^{[来源请求]}, edited by Joseph W. Michels; translated by: Lorraine T. Kapitanoff. University Park, Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania. ISBN 978-0-271-00531-7.
MAT Matara Aksumite & Pre-Aksumite City Webpage
MUN（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Munro-Hay Stuart. 1991. Aksum: An African Civilization of Late Antiquity. Edinburgh: University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-0106-6.
[PAN68] Pankhurst, Richard K.P. 1968.An Economic History of Ethiopia, 1800-1935, Addis Ababa: Haile Selassie I University Press.
PAN03 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Pankhurst, Richard K.P. A Glimpse into 16th. Century Ethiopian History Abba 'Enbaqom, Imam Ahmad Ibn Ibrahim, and the "Conquest of Abyssinia". Addis Tribune. November 14, 2003.
PER （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Perruchon, J. D. and Gottheil, Richard. Falashas in The Jewish Encyclopidia. 1901-1906.

Aläqa Tayyä, Maṣḥafa sawāsəw. Monkullo: Swedish Mission 1896/7 (=1889 according to the Ethiopian calendar).
Dillmann, August; Bezold, Carl, Ethiopic Grammar, 2nd edition translated from German by James Crichton, London 1907. ISBN 978-1-59244-145-7 (2003 reprint). (Published in German: ¹1857, ²1899).
Kidanä Wäld Kəfle, Maṣḥafa sawāsəw wagəss wamazgaba ḳālāt ḥaddis ("A new grammar and dictionary"), Dire Dawa: Artistik Matämiya Bet 1955/6 (=1948 according to the Ethiopian calendar).
Lambdin, Thomas O., Introduction to Classical Ethiopic, Harvard Semitic Studies 24, Missoula, Mont.: Scholars Press 1978. ISBN 978-0-89130-263-6.
Stefan Weninger, Ge'ez grammar, Munich, ISBN 978-3-929075-04-5 (1st edition), ISBN 978-3-89586-604-3 (2nd revised edition).
Gene Gragg Ge`ez Phonology, in: Phonologies of Asia and Africa (Vol 1), ed. A. S. Kaye & P. T. Daniels, Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake, Indiana (1997).

Taddesse Adera, Ali Jimale Ahmed (eds.), Silence Is Not Golden: A Critical Anthology of Ethiopian Literature, Red Sea Press (1995), ISBN 978-0-932415-47-9.
Jon Bonk, Annotated and Classified Bibliography of English Literature Pertaining to the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, Atla Bibliography Series, Scarecrow Pr (1984), ISBN 978-0-8108-1710-4.

Dillmann, August, Lexicon linguæ Æthiopicæ cum indice Latino, Lipsiae 1865.
Leslau, Wolf, Comparative Dictionary of Geez (Classical Ethiopic): Geez-English, English-Geez, with an Index of the Semitic Roots, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz 1987. ISBN 978-3-447-02592-8.
idem, Concise Dictionary of Ge`ez (Classical Ethiopic), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz 1989. ISBN 978-3-447-02873-8.
Ludolf, Hiob, Lexicon Aethiopico-Latinum, Ed. by J. M. Wansleben, London 1661.
Wemmers, J., Lexicon Aethiopicum, Rome 1638.