弹性动脉(elastic artery)为一种动脉,其中膜含有大量胶原蛋白及弹性蛋白的血管。该血管具有一定的弹性,以承受脉搏的张力[1]。弹性动脉的弹性及伸缩性造成了韦德克瑟尔效应,意即弹性血管缓冲了脉搏所造成的血压波动。弹性动脉包含全身所有最大的血管,如肺动脉、主动脉等。
弹性动脉的外膜具有血管滋养管供给血管细胞养分。
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