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汤都巴彦[4][15][16](菲律宾语:Bayan ng Tondo;贝贝因文字:ᜃᜑᜍᜒᜀᜈ᜔ ᜅ᜔ ᜆᜓᜈᜇᜓ、ᜊᜌᜈ᜔ ᜅ᜔ ᜆᜓᜈᜇᜓ;;梵语:तोन्दुन्),中国古代又称东都,是菲律宾在西班牙人殖民前吕宋岛最主要的政体及印度化王国[17](p. 71)[18],位于巴石河三角洲[19][9][18],靠近马尼拉湾。
Tundun[1] Tondo ᜆᜓᜇᜓ | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
西元900年前[2][Notes 1]—1589年[3] | |||||||||||
地位 | 独立国家 Barangay state (15世纪)[4] | ||||||||||
首都 | Tondo | ||||||||||
常用语言 | Old Tagalog[2] Malay[2] (foreign trade) | ||||||||||
宗教 | |||||||||||
政府 | Feudalism under "Bayan" led by a paramount leader called a Lakan, consisting of several Barangay social groups led by a Datu[4][7] and initially observed as a Monarchy by foreigners[10][11][7] | ||||||||||
Lakan[来源请求] | |||||||||||
• 约 900 | Unnamed Ruler represented by Jayadewa, Lord Minister of Pailah (according to LCI) | ||||||||||
• 1430-1450[来源请求] | Rajah Lontok | ||||||||||
• 1450-1515[来源请求] | Dayang Kalangitan | ||||||||||
• 1521–1571[来源请求] | Lakandula | ||||||||||
• 1571-1575[来源请求] | Rajah Sulayman | ||||||||||
• 1575–1589[来源请求] | Agustin de Legazpi | ||||||||||
历史时期 | Antiquity[2][Notes 3] to Early modern era[4] | ||||||||||
• First historical mention, in the Laguna Copperplate Inscription; trade relations with the Medang Kingdom implied[2] | 西元900年前[2][Notes 1] | ||||||||||
• Various proposed dates for the founding of the neighboring Rajahnate of Maynila range as early as the 1200s (see Battle of Manila (1258) and (1365)) to the 1500s (see Battle of Manila (1500))[Notes 4] | 约1200s to 约1500s | ||||||||||
• Establishment of regular trade relations with the Ming dynasty[12] | 1373 | ||||||||||
• Territorial conflict with Maynila during the reign of Rajah Matanda's mother[7] | 约1520 | ||||||||||
• First arrival of Spanish colonizers and Battle of Manila (1570) | 1570 | ||||||||||
• Battle of Bangkusay Channel[13] | 1571 | ||||||||||
• Attack of Limahong and concurrent Tagalog revolt of 1574 | 1574 | ||||||||||
• Discovery of the Tondo Conspiracy, dissolution of indigenous rule, and integration into the Spanish East Indies | 1589年[3] | ||||||||||
货币 | Piloncitos, Gold rings, and Barter[14] | ||||||||||
| |||||||||||
今属于 | Philippines |
在马来语中汤都解作蜡烛果,一种真红树植物。
王国成立于约公元900年,由一些巴朗盖组成,由世袭的拉肯和达图统治。这王国位于海上丝绸之路路线最北端,依靠与中国贸易带来财富,并把中国商品转手整个群岛的其余地区。在与文莱帝国苏丹博基尔亚的联盟期间,汤都王国进一步达到顶峰。
除了贸易,王国也从事水稻耕作和冶金,以金戒指作货币。
自1570年开始与西班牙帝国接触,在1579年被西班牙击败,被吸收为现代马尼拉市的一个区域,结束了作为一个独立政治实体的地位。
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