用户:Samwingkit/欧洲联盟
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欧洲联盟(简称欧盟)是一个跨政府、超国家的联盟,其25个民主国家称为成员国。欧盟在1992年透过《欧洲联盟条约》(也称《马斯特里赫特条约》)成立。However, many aspects of the Union existed before that date through a series of predecessor relationships, 这可回溯至1951年。
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现在,欧盟有共同的单一市场,由关税联盟、单一货币(由欧洲中央银行管理的欧元,25个成员国,有12个已采纳)、共同农业政策、共同贸易政策、共同渔业政策及共同外交暨安全政策组成。Passport and customs checks were abolished at most of the EU's internal borders, creating a single space of mobility for EU citizens live, travel, work and invest.
最重要的欧盟机构是欧盟理事会、欧洲委员会、欧洲法院及欧洲议会。欧洲议会is elected by the citizens of the European Union to represent their interests. Its origins go back to the 1950s and the founding treaties, and since 1979 its members have been directly elected by the people they represent. Elections are held every five years, and every EU citizen who is registered as a voter is entitled to vote. The Parliament thus expresses the democratic will of the Union's citizens (more than 455 million people), and it represents their interests in discussions with the other EU institutions.
欧盟的机能涉及所有公共政策的范围:健康、经济政策,以至外交事务及防御。然而,欧盟权力的 行使因地而异。视乎谈及的地区,欧盟可以是: