硬通货,或作强势货币(英语:Hard Currency或Strong Currency),是指可以保值的货币。保证一种货币足够“硬”的因素有多种,其中包括政治稳定、低通货膨胀、稳定的货币政策和财政政策、有足够的贵金属储备支持、以及同其他货币比价长期保持稳定或攀升。
提示:此条目的主题不是
硬币。
硬通货在不同时期的种类不同。古代的硬通货一般是黄金、白银等贵金属制成的货币。
在一些经济体中,尤其是较为封闭的计划经济经济体或货币较为疲软的经济体中,一些商店可能会只接受硬通货交易。
更多信息 2024年, 2023年 ...
官方外汇储备货币构成
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2024年
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2023年
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2022年
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2021年
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2020年
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2019年
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2018年
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2017年
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2016年
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2015年
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2014年
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2013年
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2012年
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2011年
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2010年
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2009年
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2008年
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2007年
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2006年
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2005年
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2004年
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2003年
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2002年
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2001年
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2000年
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1995年
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1990年
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1985年
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1980年
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1975年
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1970年
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1965年
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美元
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57.80%
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58.42%
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58.52%
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58.80%
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58.92%
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60.75%
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61.76%
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62.73%
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65.36%
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65.73%
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65.14%
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61.24%
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61.47%
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62.59%
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62.14%
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62.05%
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63.77%
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63.87%
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65.04%
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66.51%
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65.51%
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65.45%
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66.50%
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71.51%
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71.13%
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58.96%
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47.14%
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56.66%
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57.88%
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84.61%
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84.85%
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72.93%
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欧元 (1999年以前为欧洲货币单位)
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19.83%
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19.95%
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20.37%
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20.59%
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21.29%
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20.59%
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20.67%
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20.17%
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19.14%
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19.14%
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21.20%
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24.20%
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24.05%
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24.40%
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25.71%
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27.66%
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26.21%
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26.14%
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24.99%
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23.89%
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24.68%
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25.03%
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23.65%
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19.18%
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18.29%
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8.53%
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11.64%
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14.00%
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17.46%
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日圆
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5.82%
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5.69%
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5.54%
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5.52%
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6.03%
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5.87%
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5.19%
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4.90%
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3.95%
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3.75%
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3.54%
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3.82%
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4.09%
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3.61%
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3.66%
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2.90%
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3.47%
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3.18%
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3.46%
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3.96%
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4.28%
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4.42%
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4.94%
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5.04%
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6.06%
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6.77%
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9.40%
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8.69%
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3.93%
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0.61%
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英镑
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4.73%
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4.86%
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4.90%
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4.81%
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4.73%
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4.64%
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4.43%
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4.54%
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4.35%
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4.71%
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3.70%
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3.98%
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4.04%
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3.83%
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3.94%
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4.25%
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4.22%
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4.82%
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4.52%
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3.75%
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3.49%
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2.86%
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2.92%
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2.70%
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2.75%
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2.11%
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2.39%
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2.03%
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2.40%
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3.42%
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11.36%
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25.76%
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加拿大元
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2.77%
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2.59%
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2.39%
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2.38%
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2.08%
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1.86%
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1.84%
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2.03%
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1.94%
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1.77%
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1.75%
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1.83%
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1.42%
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人民币
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2.18%
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2.29%
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2.61%
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2.80%
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2.29%
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1.94%
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1.89%
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1.23%
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1.08%
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澳大利亚元
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2.06%
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2.14%
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1.97%
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1.84%
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1.83%
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1.70%
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1.63%
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1.80%
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1.69%
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1.77%
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1.59%
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1.82%
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1.46%
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瑞士法郎
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0.17%
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0.19%
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0.23%
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0.17%
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0.17%
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0.15%
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0.14%
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0.18%
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0.16%
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0.27%
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0.24%
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0.27%
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0.21%
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0.08%
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0.13%
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0.12%
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0.14%
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0.16%
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0.17%
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0.15%
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0.17%
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0.23%
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0.41%
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0.25%
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0.27%
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0.33%
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0.84%
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1.40%
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2.25%
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1.34%
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0.61%
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德国马克
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15.75%
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19.83%
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13.74%
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12.92%
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6.62%
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1.94%
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0.17%
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法国法郎
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2.35%
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2.71%
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0.58%
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0.97%
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1.16%
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0.73%
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1.11%
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荷兰盾
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0.32%
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1.15%
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0.78%
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0.89%
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0.66%
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0.08%
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(其他货币)
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4.64%
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3.87%
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3.48%
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3.09%
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2.65%
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2.51%
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2.45%
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2.43%
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2.33%
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2.86%
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2.83%
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2.84%
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3.26%
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5.49%
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4.43%
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3.04%
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2.20%
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1.83%
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1.81%
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1.74%
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1.87%
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2.01%
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1.58%
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1.31%
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1.49%
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4.87%
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4.89%
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2.13%
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1.29%
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1.58%
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0.43%
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0.03%
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参考资料:World Currency Composition of Official Foreign Exchange Reserves. International Monetary Fund.
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