凹塔螺屬

凹塔螺屬（學名：Retusa），又名囊螺屬或冰柱螺屬，是頭楯目凹塔螺科之下一個海洋生物的屬^[2]。

凹塔螺屬
凹塔螺活體
Retusa leptoeneilema的一組貝殼
科學分類
界：	動物界 Animalia
門：	軟體動物門 Mollusca
綱：	腹足綱 Gastropoda
演化支：	真後鰓類 Euopisthobranchia
目：	頭楯目 Cephalaspidea
科：	凹塔螺科 Retusidae
屬：	凹塔螺屬 Retusa T. Brown, 1827[1]
模式種
Bulla obtusa Montagu, 1803
異名
Coleophysis P. Fischer, 1883 Cylichnina Monterosato, 1884 Mamilloretusa F. Nordsieck, 1972 Retua [sic] (misspelling) Retusa (Coleophysis) P. Pischer, 1883 Retusa (Cylichnina) Monterosato, 1884 Retusa (Retusa) Brown, 1827 Tornatina (Coleophysis) P. Fischer, 1883 Utriculus T. Brown, 1844 (Invalid: junior homonym of Utriculus Schumacher, 1817)

物種

根據WoRMS，本屬目前有約100個物種^[2]：

• Retusa abyssicola Valdés, 2008
• Retusa agulhasensis Thiele, 1925
• Retusa amphizosta (Watson, 1886)
• Retusa atkinsoni (Tenison-Woods, 1876)
• Retusa canariensis (Nordsieck & Talavera, 1979)
• Retusa candidula (Locard, 1892)
• Retusa chrysoma Burn in Burn & Bell, 1974
• Retusa chukchii Chaban, 2008
• Retusa complanata (Watson, 1883)
• Retusa crebrisculpta (Monterosato, 1884)
• Retusa crispula (Watson, 1883)
• Retusa crossei (Bucquoy, Dautzenberg & Dollfus, 1886)
• Retusa desgenettii (Audouin, 1826)
• Retusa diaphana Valdés, 2008
• † Retusa ennucleata (Powell & Bartrum, 1929)
• Retusa famelica Watson, 1883
• Retusa frielei (Dall, 1881)
• Retusa golikovi Chaban, 2004
• 冰柱螺 Retusa insignis (Pilsbry, 1904)^[3]
• Retusa insolita Valdés, 2008
• Retusa instabilis Minichev, 1971
• Retusa laevisculpta (Granata-Grillo, 1877)
• Retusa lata Chaban & Chernyshev, 2013
• Retusa lenis Valdés, 2008
• Retusa leptoeneilema (Brusina, 1866)
• Retusa mammillata (Philippi, 1836)
• Retusa mariei (Dautzenberg, 1889)
• Retusa mayoi (Dall, 1889)
• 小囊螺 Retusa minima Yamakawa, 1911
• Retusa minutissima (Monterosato, 1878)
• Retusa montereyensis Smith & Gordon, 1948
• Retusa multiquadrata Oberling, 1970 (taxon inquirendum; needs investigation)
• Retusa natalensis Barnard, 1963
• Retusa nitidula (Lovén, 1846)
• Retusa obtusa (Montagu, 1803)
• Retusa operculata Minichev, 1966
• Retusa opima (Finlay, 1926)
• Retusa oruaensis (Webster, 1908)
• † Retusa otahuhuensis (Laws, 1950)
• Retusa ovoides (Milaschewitsch, 1916)
• 卵囊螺 Retusa ovulina Lin, 1991
• Retusa pellucida (Sars G. O., 1878)
• Retusa pelyx Burn in Burn & Bell, 1974
• Retusa pervia (Dall, 1889)
• Retusa pharetra Hedley, 1909
• † Retusa pressa Marwick, 1928
• Retusa protumida (Hedley, 1903)
• Retusa pygmaea (A. Adams, 1850)
• Retusa robagliana (P. Fischer, 1869)
• Retusa sakuraii (Habe, 1958)
• Retusa sculpta (Gatliff & Gabriel, 1913)
• † Retusa segnis (Laws, 1940)
• Retusa semen (Reeve, 1855)
• † Retusa soror (Suter, 1917)
• Retusa sosa Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1969
• Retusa striata (Hutton, 1873)
• Retusa succincta (A. Adams, 1862)
• Retusa sulcata (d'Orbigny, 1841)
• Retusa tarutana Smythe, 1979
• Retusa tenerifensis (Nordsieck & Talavera, 1979)
• Retusa tornata (Watson, 1886)
• Retusa toyamaensis (Habe, 1955)
• Retusa trunca Valdés, 2008
• Retusa truncatula (Bruguière, 1792)
• Retusa umbilicata (Montagu, 1803)
• Retusa variabilis (Milaschewitsch, 1912)
• 束腰冰柱螺 Retusa waughiana Hedley, 1899^[4]
• Retusa xystrum Dall, 1919

異名：

• Retusa alayoi (Espinosa & Ortea, 2004)：今作Colinatys alayoi (Espinosa & Ortea, 2004)
• Retusa anderssoni Strebel, 1908：今作Diaphana anderssoni (Strebel, 1908)
• Retusa antarctica Melvill & Standen, 1912：今作Diaphana paessleri (Strebel, 1905)
• Retusa apiculata (Tate, 1879)：今作Tornatina apiculata (Tate, 1879)：今作Acteocina apiculata (Tate, 1879)
• Retusa caelata (Bush, 1885)：今作Pyrunculus caelatus (Bush, 1885)
• Retusa carinensis de Gregorio, 1889：今作Retusa truncatula (Bruguière, 1792)
• Retusa cumberlandiana Strebel, 1908：今作Cylichna cumberlandiana (Strebel, 1908)
• Retusa desgenettesi (Audouin, 1827)：今作Retusa desgenettii (Audouin, 1826)
• Retusa dilatata Pallary, 1904：今作Retusa truncatula (Bruguière, 1792)
• Retusa domita (Dall, 1889)：今作Cylichnium domitum (Dall, 1908)
• Retusa eumicra (Crosse in Crosse & Fischer, 1865)：今作Tornatina eumicra (Crosse, 1865)：今作Acteocina eumicra (Crosse, 1865)
• Retusa fourierii (Audouin, 1826)：今作Pyrunculus fourierii (Audouin, 1826)
• Retusa frigida Hedley, 1916：今作Diaphana paessleri (Strebel, 1905)
• Retusa gaimardi Finlay, 1927：今作飾擬捻螺Acteocina decorata (Pilsbry, 1904)
• Retusa girardi (Audouin, 1826)：今作Ventomnestia girardi (Audouin, 1826)
• Retusa gordonis Yokoyama, 1927：今作Acteocina gordonis (Yokoyama, 1927)
• Retusa inflata Strebel, 1908：今作Diaphana inflata (Strebel, 1908)
• Retusa lactea (Jeffreys, 1877)：今作Diaphana lactea (Jeffreys, 1877)
• Retusa mariateresae Parenzan, 1970：今作Bulla striata Bruguière, 1792
• Retusa marshalli Sykes, 1904：今作Diaphana marshalli (Sykes, 1904)
• Retusa matusimana Nomura, 1939：今作Decorifer matusimanus (Nomura, 1939)
• Retusa obtusata ：今作Retusa obtusa (Montagu, 1803)
• Retusa pellucida (Brown, 1827)：今作Diaphana minuta T. Brown, 1827
• Retusa pertenuis (Mighels, 1843)：今作Retusa obtusa (Montagu, 1803)
• Retusa pfefferi Strebel, 1908：今作Diaphana pfefferi (Strebel, 1908)
• Retusa piriformis Nordsieck, 1972：今作Retusa truncatula (Bruguière, 1792)
• Retusa semen Thiele, 1925：今作Pyrunculus pyriformis (A. Adams, 1850)
• Retusa semisulcata (Philippi, 1836)：今作Retusa truncatula (Bruguière, 1792)
• Retusa strigella (Lovén, 1846)：今作Cylichnina umbilicata (Montagu, 1803)：今作Retusa umbilicata (Montagu, 1803)
• Retusa subcylindrica (Brown, 1827)：今作Cylichnina umbilicata (Montagu, 1803)：今作Retusa umbilicata (Montagu, 1803)
• Retusa tohokuensis Nomura, 1939：今作Acteocina tohokuensis (Nomura, 1939)
• Retusa truncatoides Nomura, 1939：今作Acteocina truncatoides (Nomura, 1939)
• Retusa turrita Møller, 1842：今作Retusa obtusa (Montagu, 1803)

參看

• 半凹塔螺屬（Semiretusa）