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成人身體細胞類型列表

維基媒體列表條目 来自维基百科,自由的百科全书

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人體內有數百種特異的細胞類型[1][2][3],總共有多於一百兆的細胞。

細胞類型可以依照其組織來源進行分類。然而,某些細胞的行為可能是受其外周組織影響的。

源自內胚層的細胞

腺細胞

外分泌上皮細胞

  • 唾液腺黏液細胞(分泌物質中以多糖為主)
  • 唾液腺漿液細胞(分泌物質中以醣蛋白酶為主)
  • 舌部的馮哎波訥腺英語Von Ebner's glands(Von Ebner's glands)細胞(沖刷味蕾
  • 乳腺細胞(分泌乳汁
  • 淚腺細胞(分泌淚液
  • 耳的耳垢腺英語Ceruminous gland細胞(分泌蠟質耳垢
  • 外分泌汗腺暗細胞,Eccrine sweat gland dark cell (糖蛋白分泌,glycoprotein secretion)
  • 外分泌汗腺亮細胞,Eccrine sweat gland clear cell (小分子分泌,small molecule secretion)
  • 頂泌汗腺細胞,Apocrine sweat gland cell (性激素敏感的體味分泌,odoriferous secretion, sex-hormone sensitive)
  • 眼瞼的墨氏腺細胞,Gland of Moll cell in eyelid (特殊汗腺,specialized sweat gland
  • 脂肪腺細胞,Sebaceous gland cell (皮脂腺脂肪分泌,lipid-rich sebum secretion)
  • 鼻的鮑曼氏腺細胞Bowman's gland cell in nose (沖刷嗅覺上皮,washes olfactory epithelium)
  • 十二指腸的歩茹吶氏細胞Brunner's gland cell in duodenum (酶和鹼性粘液,enzymes and alkaline mucus
  • 精液泡細胞,Seminal vesicle cell (分泌精液成分,包括精子游動所需的果糖,secretes seminal fluid components, including fructose for swimming sperm
  • 前列腺細胞,Prostate gland cell (分泌精液成分,secretes seminal fluid components)
  • 尿道球部腺細胞,Bulbourethral gland cell (粘液分泌,mucus secretion)
  • 巴多林氏腺(前庭大腺)細胞,Bartholin's gland cell (陰道潤滑物質分泌,vaginal lubricant secretion)
  • 尿道腺|利特腺細胞,Gland of Littre cell (粘液分泌,mucus secretion)
  • 子宮內膜細胞,Uterus endometrium cell (碳水化合物分泌,carbohydrate secretion)
  • 呼吸系統之呼吸管或消化系統之腸胃管的孤立杯狀細胞,Isolated goblet cell of respiratory and digestive tracts (粘液分泌,mucus secretion)
  • 胃膜粘液細胞,Stomach lining mucous cell (粘液分泌,mucus secretion)
  • 胃主細胞|胃腺酶源細胞,Gastric gland zymogenic cell (胃蛋白酶原分泌,pepsinogen secretion)
  • 壁細胞|胃腺泌酸細胞,Gastric gland oxyntic cell (鹽酸分泌,hydrochloric acid secretion)
  • 胰腺腺泡細胞,Pancreatic acinar cell (碳酸氫鹽和消化酶分泌,bicarbonate and digestive enzyme secretion)
  • 小腸的帕內特細胞,Paneth cell of small intestine (溶解酶分泌,lysozyme secretion)
  • 肺臟二型肺細胞,Type II pneumocyte of lung (表面活性物質分泌,surfactant secretion)
  • 肺臟的克拉拉細胞,Clara cell of lung

激素分泌細胞,Hormone secreting cells

  • 垂體前部細胞,Anterior pituitary cells
    • 生長激素細胞,Somatotropes
    • 催乳素細胞,Lactotropes
    • 促甲狀腺細胞,Thyrotropes
    • 促性腺細胞,Gonadotropes
    • 促皮質激素細胞,Corticotropes
  • 垂體中葉細胞,分泌黑素細胞刺激激素,Intermediate pituitary cell, secreting melanocyte-stimulating hormone
  • 大細胞性神經分泌細胞,Magnocellular neurosecretory cells
    • 分泌後葉催產素,secreting oxytocin
    • 抗利尿激素分泌,secreting vasopressin
  • 腸和呼吸管細胞,Gut and respiratory tract cells
    • 血管收縮素分泌,secreting serotonin
    • 內啡肽分泌,secreting endorphin
    • 生長激素分泌,secreting somatostatin
    • 胃泌激素分泌,secreting gastrin
    • 分泌素分泌,secreting secretin
    • 膽囊收縮素分泌,secreting cholecystokinin
    • 胰島素分泌,secreting insulin
    • 胰高血糖素分泌,secreting glucagon
    • 盤舌蟾素分泌,secreting bombesin
  • 甲狀腺細胞,Thyroid gland cells
    • 甲狀腺上皮細胞,thyroid epithelial cell
    • 濾泡旁細胞,parafollicular cell
  • 副甲狀腺細胞,Parathyroid gland cells
    • 副甲狀腺主細胞,Parathyroid chief cell
    • 嗜酸細胞,Oxyphil cell
  • 腎上腺細胞,Adrenal gland cells
    • 嗜鉻細胞,chromaffin cells
    • 類固醇激素分泌,secreting steroid hormones (鹽皮質激素與糖皮質激素,mineralcorticoids and gluco corticoids)
  • 分泌睪丸激素的睪丸間質細胞,Leydig cell of testes secreting testosterone
  • 分泌雌激素的卵泡內膜細胞,Theca interna cell of ovarian follicle secreting estrogen
  • 分泌孕酮的破裂卵泡的黃體細胞,Corpus luteum cell of ruptured ovarian follicle secreting progesterone
    • 顆粒型黃體素細胞,Granulosa lutein cells
    • 皮質型黃體素細胞,Theca lutein cells
  • 近腎小球細胞,Juxtaglomerular cell (腎素分泌,renin secretion)
  • 腎臟緻密斑細胞,Macula densa cell of kidney
  • 腎臟極周細胞,Peripolar cell of kidney
  • 腎臟的腎小球繫膜細胞,Mesangial cell of kidney
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源自外胚層的細胞

皮膚系統

神經系統

源自中胚層的細胞

代謝與儲存細胞

屏障功能的細胞

其它

Epithelial cells lining closed internal body cavities

  • 血管和淋巴管內皮穿孔細胞,Blood vessel and lymphatic vascular endothelial fenestrated cell
  • 血管和淋巴管內皮連續細胞,Blood vessel and lymphatic vascular endothelial continuous cell
  • 血管和淋巴管內皮脾臟細胞,Blood vessel and lymphatic vascular endothelial splenic cell
  • 軟膜蛛網膜鱗片狀細胞,Pia-arachnoid squamous cell
  • 眼睛的有色纖毛上皮細胞,Pigmented ciliary epithelium cell of eye
  • 眼睛的無色纖毛上皮細胞,Nonpigmented ciliary epithelium cell of eye
  • 角膜內皮細胞,Corneal endothelial cell
  • (輸卵管的)釘形細胞,Peg cell (of Fallopian tube

細胞外基質細胞

收縮細胞

血液與免疫系統

Pigment cells

Germ cells

護理細胞,Nurse cells

  • 卵巢卵泡細胞,Ovarian follicle cell
  • 塞爾托利氏細胞,(Sertoli cell,位於睪丸)
  • 胸腺上皮細胞,Thymus epithelial cell

間質組織細胞

參考資料

外部連結

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