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第一次世界大戰大事年表
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以下為針對第一次世界大戰所發生的主要事件之時間列表。

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政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | 西部戰線 | 東部戰線 | 義大利戰線 |
非洲戰線 | 中東戰線 | 巴爾幹戰線 | 亞太戰場 |
海戰 | 空戰(英语:Aviation in World War I) |
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1914年
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1915年
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日期 | 政策/戰場/戰役 | 事件 |
---|---|---|
1月2日 | 東方戰線 | 俄羅斯開始進行在喀爾巴阡山脈的攻勢。 他將持續到4月12日。 |
1月4日~11日 | 中東戰場, 波斯戰役 | 鄂圖曼帝國出其不意地佔領烏爾米耶與大不里士。 |
1月8日 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | 日本試圖將二十一條強加給中立國中國。 |
1月18日~19日 | 非洲戰場, 東非戰役 | 雅辛戰役 |
1月19日 – 12月22日 | 西方戰線 | 哈特曼斯維勒科夫戰役(英语:Battle of Hartmannswillerkopf) :為控制峰頂而展開的一系列戰鬥。 |
1月24日 | 海戰 | 英國大艦隊與德國公海艦隊之間爆發多格爾沙洲海戰。 |
1月24日~26日 | 非洲戰場, 東非戰役 | 由約翰·奇倫布威領導的奇倫布威起義(英语:Chilembwe uprising)發生在尼亞薩蘭。 |
1月28日 – 2月3日 | 中東戰場, 西奈及巴勒斯坦戰場 | 鄂圖曼帝國未能在突擊蘇伊士運河(英语:First Suez Offensive)攻下蘇伊士運河。 |
1月30日 | 中東戰場, 波斯戰役 | 俄羅斯佔領了大不里士。 |
1月31日 | 東方戰線 | 波利莫夫戰役(英语:Battle of Bolimov)。其中,德國首次使用了化學武器(英语:Chemical weapons in World War I)。[45] |
2月4日 | 海戰, U艇海戰 | 德國開始對商船進行無限制潛艇戰。 |
非洲戰場, 西南非戰役 | 揚·坎普(英语:Jan Kemp (general))投降。馬利茲叛變以失敗告終。 | |
非洲戰場, 西南非戰役 | 卡卡馬斯戰役(英语:Battle of Kakamas):德國試圖入侵南非但被擊退。 | |
2月7日~22日 | 東方戰線 | 第二次馬祖爾湖戰役(英语:Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes)。俄羅斯X軍被擊敗。 |
2月15日 | 亞太戰場 | 新加坡軍隊試圖反抗英國。 |
2月19日 | 中東戰場, 加里波利戰場 | 英法兩國之海軍進攻達達尼爾海峽,加里波利戰役開始。[46] |
3月5日 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | 英法兩國承諾會把君士坦丁堡送給俄羅斯。 |
3月7日 | 中東戰場, 波斯戰役 | 在俄羅斯的反擊之下,鄂圖曼軍隊被迫撤回庫圖爾。 |
3月10日~13日 | 西方戰線 | 新沙佩爾戰役(英语:Battle of Neuve Chapelle)。在取得初步的成果後,英國的攻勢停止了。 |
3月14日 | 海戰 | 馬斯地島戰役(英语:Battle of Más a Tierra)。德國東亞分艦隊的殘餘被擊敗,船員的都被扣留在中立國智利。 |
3月18日 | 海戰, 中東戰場, 加里波利戰場 | 三一八戰役。英法兩國試圖強行傳穿越達達尼爾海峽,最後以失敗告終,並損失三艘前無畏艦。 |
3月22日 | 東方戰線 | 普熱梅希爾之圍結束。俄羅斯最終佔領了該堡壘。 |
4月5日 – 5月5日 | 西方戰線 | 第一次弗利雷戰役(英语:First Battle of Woevre) |
4月12日~14日 | 中東戰場, 美索不達米亞戰役 | 沙巴戰役(英语:Battle of Shaiba) |
4月15日 | 中東戰場, 波斯戰役 | 迪爾曼戰役(英语:Battle of Dilman) |
4月19日 – 5月17日 | 中東戰場, 高加索戰役 | 鄂圖曼圍攻u亞美尼亞的 凡城(英语:Defense of Van (1915))。 |
4月22日 – 5月25日 | 西方戰線 | 第二次伊珀爾戰役最終以不分上下告終。德國首次使用毒氣(英语:List of highly toxic gases)。 |
4月22日~23日 | 西方戰線 | 格雷文斯塔費爾戰役(英语:Battle of Gravenstafel),第二次伊珀爾戰役中的第一場圍城戰。 |
4月24日 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | 鄂圖曼帝國將亞美尼亞知識份子驅逐到安卡拉,是亞美尼亞種族滅絕的第一步。 |
4月24日 – 5月5日 | 西方戰線 | 聖朱利安戰役(英语:Battle of St Julien):第二次伊珀爾戰役的一部分。 |
4月25日 | 中東戰場, 加里波利戰場 | 盟軍登陸加里波利,登上阿里柏努(英语:ANZAC Cove),並將之更名為安扎克灣與海麗絲岬(英语:Cape Helles)。[47] (更多) |
4月26日 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | 協約國與義大利之間簽訂了倫敦條約。[48] |
非洲戰場, 西南非戰役 | 特里科普吉戰役(英语:Battle of Trekkopjes) | |
4月28日 | 中東戰場, 加里波利戰場 | 第一次克里希亞戰役(英语:First Battle of Krithia),盟軍的進攻被擊退。[49] |
4月29日 | 非洲戰場, 喀麥隆戰役 | 古林之戰(英语:Battle of Gurin) |
5月1日 | 東方戰線 | 戈爾利采-塔爾努夫攻勢(英语:Gorlice-Tarnów Offensive)開始:麥肯森將軍率領的德軍突破了俄軍在加利西亞的防線。 |
中東戰場, 加里波利戰場 | 埃斯基·希薩利克戰役(英语:Eski Hissarlik) | |
5月3日 | 中東戰場, 加里波利戰場 | 軍隊撤離安扎克灣。 |
政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | 義大利取消了與德國跟奧匈帝國結為同盟的承諾。 | |
5月6日~8日 | 中東戰場, 加里波利戰場 | 第二次克里希亞戰役(英语:Second Battle of Krithia): 盟軍試圖再次嘗試推進未果。[50] |
5月7日 | 海戰, U艇海戰 | 英國皇家郵輪 盧西塔尼亞號被德國U艇擊沉。[51] |
5月8日~13日 | 西方戰線 | 弗雷岑貝格戰役(英语:Battle of Frezenberg):第二次伊珀爾戰役的一部分。 |
5月9日 – 6月18日 | 西方戰線 | 第二次阿圖瓦戰役(英语:Second Battle of Artois) |
5月9日 | 西方戰線 | 奧伯斯戰役(英语:Battle of Aubers Ridge):第二次阿圖瓦戰役的一部分。 |
5月10日 | 東方戰線 | 來自匈牙利的軍隊在雅羅斯拉夫擊潰俄軍。利沃夫再次落入奧地利手中。 |
5月11日 | 中東戰場, 加里波利戰場 | 雙方要求停戰,理由是要埋葬死者。(更多(英语:Landing at Anzac Cove)) |
5月12日 | 非洲戰場, 西南非戰役 | 德屬西南非首府溫荷克被南非軍隊佔領。[52] |
5月5日~25日 | 西方戰線 | 費斯圖伯特戰役(英语:Battle of Festubert) |
5月16日 – 6月23日 | 東方戰線 | 科納里戰役(英语:Battle of Konary) |
5月23日 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | 義大利向奧匈帝國宣戰。[23] (更多(英语:Italy during World War I#From neutrality to the intervention in the war)) |
5月24日~25日 | 西方戰線 | 貝爾維爾德戰役(英语:Battle of Bellewaarde):第二次伊珀爾戰役的最終戰役。 |
5月31日 – 6月10日 | 非洲戰場, 喀麥隆戰役 | 第二次加魯阿戰役(英语:Second Battle of Garua) |
6月 – 9月 | 東方戰線 | 俄羅斯從波蘭-加利西亞突出部進行戰略撤退。 |
6月4日 | 中東戰場, 加里波利戰場 | 第三次克里希亞戰役(英语:Third Battle of Krithia),盟軍以再一次失敗告終。[50] |
東方戰線 | 俄羅斯撤離普熱梅希爾。 (更多(英语:Gorlice-Tarnów Offensive)) | |
6月21日~23日 | 非洲戰場, 東非戰役 | 布科巴戰役(英语:Battle of Bukoba) |
6月22日 | 東方戰線 | 麥肯森再次突破了俄軍在利沃夫的防線。(更多(英语:Gorlice-Tarnów Offensive)) |
6月23日 – 7月7日 | 義大利戰線 | 第一次伊松佐河之役 |
6月27日 | 東方戰線 | 奧匈帝國重新擁有利沃夫。(更多(英语:Gorlice-Tarnów Offensive)) |
6月28日 – 7月5日 | 中東戰場, 加里波利戰場 | 英國在安扎克灣溝壑戰役(英语:Battle of Gully Ravine)取勝。 |
6月29日 | 非洲戰場, 喀麥隆戰役 | 恩岡代雷戰役(英语:Battle of Ngaundere) |
7月1日 | 空戰(英语:Aviation in World War I) | 載有射擊斷續器的戰鬥機在空戰獲得首場勝利。(更多) |
非洲戰場, 西南非戰役 | 奧塔維戰役(英语:Battle of Otavi) | |
7月9日 | 非洲戰場, 西南非戰役 | 德屬西南非的德軍投降。 |
7月10日~26日 | 中東戰場, 高加索戰役 | 馬拉茲吉爾特戰役(英语:Battle of Manzikert (1915)) |
7月18日 – 8月3日 | 義大利戰線 | 第二次伊松佐河之役 |
7月25日 | 義大利戰線 | 意大利人佔領了卡布奇諾伍德。 (更多) |
空戰(英语:Aviation in World War I) | 第一個維多利亞十字勳章被授予給一位英國戰鬥機飛行員。(更多) | |
7月27日~31日 | 中東戰場, 高加索戰役 | 卡拉基利塞戰役(英语:Battle of Kara Killisse (1915)) |
8月5日 | 東方戰線 | 德軍佔領華沙。 (更多(英语:Gorlice-Tarnów Offensive)) |
8月6日~10日 | 中東戰場, 加里波利戰場 | 孤松戰役(英语:Battle of Lone Pine):八月攻勢的一部分。 |
8月6日~13日 | 中東戰場, 加里波利戰場 | 克里希亞葡萄園之戰(英语:Battle of Krithia Vineyard):八月攻勢的一部分。 |
8月6日~15日 | 中東戰場, 加里波利戰場 | 登陸蘇維拉灣|Landing at Suvla Bay|登陸蘇維拉灣]]:八月攻勢的其中一階段。 |
8月6日~21日 | 中東戰場, 加里波利戰場 | 薩里拜爾戰役(英语:Battle of Sari Bair):八月攻勢的一部分。他同時是英軍最後一次試圖佔領加里波利半島,但最終沒有成功。[53] |
8月7日 | 中東戰場, 加里波利戰場 | 內克之戰(英语:Battle of the Nek):八月攻勢的其中一階段。 |
8月7日~19日 | 中東戰場, 加里波利戰場 | Chunuk Bair戰役(英语:Battle of Chunuk Bair):八月攻勢的其中一階段。 |
8月19日 | 海戰, U艇海戰 | 德國U艇擊沉阿拉伯人號(英语:SS Arabic (1902))。44人死亡,其中包括三位美國人。 |
8月21日 | 中東戰場, 加里波利戰場 | 彎刀山戰役(英语:Battle of Scimitar Hill):八月攻勢的其中一階段。 |
政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | 義大利向鄂圖曼帝國宣戰。[23] | |
8月21日~29日 | 中東戰場, 加里波利戰場 | 六〇號山戰役(英语:Battle of Hill 60 (Gallipoli)):八月攻勢的一部分。 |
8月26日 – 9月19日 | 東方戰線 | 什文蒂尼攻勢(英语:Sventiany Offensive):戈爾利采-塔爾努夫攻勢(英语:Gorlice-Tarnów Offensive)的其中一階段。 |
9月1日 | 海戰, U艇海戰 | 德國暫停無限制潛艇戰。(更多) |
9月5日~8日 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | 反對歐洲軍國主義的全球社會主義支持者所舉辦的齊美爾瓦爾德會議在瑞士齊美爾瓦爾德舉行。 |
9月5日 | 東方戰線 | 尼古拉二世解除尼古拉·尼古拉耶維奇大公俄羅斯陸軍總司令之職,並親自擔任之。 |
9月15日 – 11月4日 | 西方戰線 | 第三次阿圖瓦戰役 |
9月19日 | 東方戰線 | 德軍佔領維爾紐斯,戈爾利采-塔爾努夫攻勢(英语:Gorlice-Tarnów Offensive)結束。 |
9月25日~28日 | 西方戰線 | 洛斯戰役(英语:Battle of Loos):英國的一次重大進攻,但沒有成功。 |
9月25日 – 10月15日 | 西方戰線 | 霍亨索倫堡壘行動(英语:Battle of the Hohenzollern Redoubt):洛斯戰役的其中一階段。 |
9月25日 – 11月6日 | 西方戰線 | 第二次香檳戰役(英语:Second Battle of Champagne) |
9月28日 | 中東戰場, 美索不達米亞戰役 | 埃斯辛戰役(英语:Battle of Es Sinn) |
10月3日 | 巴爾幹戰線, 馬其頓戰役 | 盟軍的增援部隊登陸希臘塞薩洛尼基以支援塞爾維亞。 |
10月7日 – 12月4日 | 巴爾幹戰線, 塞爾維亞戰場 | 塞爾維亞被德國、奧匈與保加利亞入侵。 |
10月12日 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | 艾迪絲·卡維爾被處以槍決。 |
10月14日 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | 保加利亞向賽塞爾維亞宣戰。[23] (更多(英语:Bulgaria during World War I#Bulgaria enters the war)) |
10月14日 – 11月9日 | 巴爾幹戰線, 塞爾維亞戰場 | 摩拉瓦攻勢:同盟國入侵塞爾維亞的其中一階段,保加利亞軍隊突破了塞方防線。 |
10月14日 – 11月15日 | 巴爾幹戰線, 塞爾維亞戰場 | 奧夫切波爾攻勢(英语:Ovche Pole Offensive):同盟國入侵塞爾維亞的其中一階段,保加利亞軍隊突破了塞方防線。 |
10月15日 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | 英國對保加利亞宣戰。[23][54] |
政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | 蒙特內哥羅對保加利亞宣戰。[23] | |
10月16日 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | 法國對保加利亞宣戰。[23] |
10月17日 – 11月21日 | 巴爾幹戰線, 馬其頓戰役 | 克里沃拉克戰役(英语:Battle of Krivolak):馬其頓戰役的第一場戰役。 |
10月18日 – 11月4日 | 義大利戰線 | 第三次伊松佐河之役 |
10月19日 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | 義大利與俄羅斯對保加利亞宣戰。ref name=Duffy2009a/> |
10月27日 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | 安德魯·費希爾辭去澳大利亞總理一職,並由比利·休斯繼任。 |
10月29日 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | 勒內·維維亞尼辭去法國總理ㄧ職,並由阿里斯蒂德·白里安繼任。 |
11月4日~6日 | 非洲戰場, 喀麥隆戰役 | 巴尼奧戰役(英语:Battle of Banjo) |
11月10日 | 中東戰場, 波斯戰役 | 親同盟國伊朗人從親協約國軍隊奪取設拉子,並逮捕該市的所有英國公民。 |
11月10日 – 12月2日 | 義大利戰線 | 第四次伊松佐河之役(英语:Fourth Battle of the Isonzo) |
11月10日 – 12月4日 | 巴爾幹戰線, 塞爾維亞戰場 | 科索沃攻勢(英语:Kosovo Offensive (1915)):同盟國入侵塞爾維亞的其中一階段,同時,塞爾維亞試圖攻進阿爾巴尼亞。 |
11月14日~30日 | 中東戰場, 波斯戰役 | 來自高加索的俄軍佔領了德黑蘭。 |
11月17日 | 非洲戰場, 北非戰場(英语:Military operations in North Africa during World War I) | 在德國與鄂圖曼帝國武力支援,利比亞的塞努西亞(英语:Senussi)越過邊境並向埃及進攻。(更多(英语:Senussi Campaign#Prelude)) |
11月22日~25日 | 中東戰場, 美索不達米亞戰役 | 泰西封戰役(英语:Battle of Ctesiphon (1915)),位於現今的伊拉克境內。[55] |
11月27日 | 巴爾幹戰線, 塞爾維亞戰場 | 塞爾維亞軍隊大敗。他們將撤離到亞里亞得海,並由法、義兩軍用船艦載走。(更多(英语:Serbian army's retreat through Albania)) |
12月 – 1916年7月 | 海戰, 非洲戰場, 東非戰役 | 坦干依喀湖海戰(英语:Battle of Lake Tanganyika) |
12月6日~12日 | 巴爾幹戰線, 馬其頓戰役 | 科斯圖里諾戰役(英语:Battle of Kosturino) |
12月7日 | 中東戰場, 美索不達米亞戰役 | 鄂圖曼帝國對美索不達米亞的庫特展開攻擊。[56] |
12月15日 | 中東戰場, 波斯戰役 | 俄軍佔領了哈馬丹。 |
12月18日 | 中東戰場, 加里波利戰場 | 隨著鄂圖曼帝國的重大勝利與盟軍的「災難撤退」,加里波利戰役結束。 |
12月19日 | 西方戰線 | 道格拉斯·黑格取代約翰·弗倫奇成為英國遠征軍的總司令。 |
12月23日 | 非洲戰場, 喀麥隆戰役 | 卡爾·齊默爾曼下令喀麥隆所有的德國軍隊和平民撤退到西班牙的木尼河區。 |
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1916年
更多信息 日期, 政策/戰場/戰役 ...
日期 | 政策/戰場/戰役 | 事件 |
---|---|---|
1月5日 - 17日 | 巴爾幹戰線 | 奧匈帝國進攻蒙特內哥羅,後者投降。([[蒙特內哥羅戰役|更多]]) |
1月6日 - 7日 | 巴爾幹戰線 | 莫伊科瓦茨戰役(英语:Battle of Mojkovac)。 |
1月6日 - 8日 | 中東戰場 | 謝赫薩阿德戰役(英语:Battle of Sheikh Sa'ad),庫特之圍的一部分。 |
1月9日 | 中東戰場, 加里波利 | 加里波利之戰以協約國的戰敗和鄂圖曼土耳其的勝利結束。[57]([加里波利之戰|更多]]) |
1月10日 - 2月16日 | 中東戰場, 高加索戰役 | 埃爾祖魯姆進攻戰役(英语:Erzurum offensive)。 |
1月11日 | 巴爾幹戰線 | 克基拉島被盟軍佔領。(更多) |
1月13日 | 中東戰場 | 瓦迪戰役,第一次圍攻庫特的一個階段。(更多) |
1月21日 | 中東戰場 | 漢納之戰,庫特之圍的一部分。 |
January 24 | Naval | Reinhard Scheer is appointed commander of Germany's Hochseeflotte.[58] (Details) |
January 27 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | Conscription introduced in the United Kingdom by the Military Service Act 1916.[59] (Details) |
February 5 – April 15 | 中東戰場, Caucasian | Trebizond Campaign. |
February 12 | 非洲戰場 | Battle of Salaita Hill. |
February 21 | 西方戰線 | The Battle of Verdun begins.[60] |
February 26 | 非洲戰場 | Battle of Agagia: Senussi rebellion suppressed by the British. |
February 28 | 非洲戰場 | German Kamerun (Cameroon) surrenders. (Details) |
March 1 | Naval | Germany resumes unrestricted submarine warfare. (Details) |
March 1–15 | 義大利戰场 | 第五次伊松佐河之役. |
March 2 – August 4 | 中東戰場, Caucasian | Battle of Bitlis. |
March 8 | 中東戰場 | Battle of Dujaila: a British attempt to relieve Kut failed. (Details) |
March 9 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | Germany declares war on Portugal.[23] Portugal officially enters the war. (Details) |
March 11–12 | 非洲戰場 | Battle of Latema Nek. |
March 14 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | The Manifesto of the Sixteen, declaring Kropotkinist-anarchist support of the Allied war effort, is published. (Details) |
March 15 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | Austria-Hungary declares war on Portugal.[23] |
March 16 – November 6 | 非洲戰場 | British preemptively occupy the Sultanate of Darfur and annex it to the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. (Details) |
March 18 | 非洲戰場 | Battle of Kahe. |
March 18 – April | 東方戰線 | Lake Naroch Offensive. |
April 24–29 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | Easter Rising by Irish rebels for independence from the United Kingdom. (Details) |
April 24–30 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | The Kienthal Conference, the second meeting of the anti-war socialist Zimmerwald Movement, is held in Kienthal, Switzerland. (Details) |
April 27–29 | 西方戰線 | Gas attacks at Hulluch. |
April 29 | 中東戰場 | The British forces under siege at Kut surrender to the Ottomans, first siege of Kut ends. (Details) |
May 7–10 | 非洲戰場 | Battle of Kondoa Irangi. |
May 10 | Naval | Germany suspends unrestricted submarine warfare. (Details) |
May 15 – June 10 | Italian | Austro-Hungarian Strafexpedition in Trentino. (Details) |
May 16 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | Signing of the Sykes-Picot Agreement between Britain and France defining their proposed spheres in the Middle East. (Details) |
May 18 | 中東戰場 | Russian forces in Persia link up with the British in Mesopotamia, but it is too late. (Details) |
May 31 – June 1 | Naval | Battle of Jutland between Britain's Grand Fleet and Germany's Hochseeflotte. (Details) |
June 2–14 | 西方戰線 | Battle of Mont Sorrel. |
June 3 | 中東戰場 | Russians fail to encircle Ottoman forces in Persia. (Details) |
June 4 | 東方戰線 | The Brusilov Offensive begins. |
June 5 | 中東戰場 | The Arab Revolt in Hejaz begins. (Details) |
Naval | “Hampshire”号1903 (6) is sunk off the Orkney Islands; Lord Kitchener dies. (Details) | |
June 8 | Naval | In the Adriatic Sea the Italian troopship SS Principe Umberto is sunk by an Austro-Hungarian submarine. It is the deadliest sinking of the war, with 1,900 lives lost. |
June 10 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | Italy: Paolo Boselli succeeds Antonio Salandra as Prime Minister. (Details) |
中東戰場 | The Siege of Medina begins. | |
June 10 – July 4 | 中東戰場 | Battle of Mecca, Arabs capture the city. (Details) |
June 12 | 中東戰場 | Percy Sykes marches on Kerman to link up with the Russian forces in central-northern Persia. |
June 30 | 西方戰線 | Battle of the Boar's Head, diversion from the Battle of the Somme which began the next day. |
July | 中東戰場 | Battle of Taif. (Details) |
July 1 | 西方戰線 | The Battle of the Somme begins. (Details) |
July 1–3 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | The Social Democratic Party wins a majority in the parliament of the Russian-ruled Grand Duchy of Finland. (Details) |
July 1–13 | 西方戰線 | Second Battle of Albert (Opening phase of the Battle of the Somme). (Details) |
July 1–2 | 西方戰線 | British capture Fricourt during the Second Battle of Albert. (Details) |
July 2 | 中東戰場 | Ottoman counter-attack into Persia reaches Kermanshah. (Details) |
July 2–25 | 中東戰場, Caucasian | Battle of Erzincan. |
July 3–7 | 西方戰線 | British capture La Boisselle during the Second Battle of Albert. (Details) |
July 3–12 | 西方戰線 | British capture Mametz Wood during the Second Battle of Albert. (Details) |
July 3–17 | 西方戰線 | British capture Ovillers during the Second Battle of Albert and Battle of Bazentin Ridge. (Details) |
July 4–6 | 東方戰線 | Battle of Kostiuchnowka. |
July 7–11 | 西方戰線 | British capture Contalmaison during the Second Battle of Albert. (Details) |
July 8–14 | 西方戰線 | British capture Trônes Wood during the Second Battle of Albert. (Details) |
July 14–17 | 西方戰線 | Battle of Bazentin Ridge (Initial phase of the Battle of the Somme) (Details) |
July 14 – September 15 | 西方戰線 | Battles for Longueval and Delville Wood (Initial phase of the Battle of the Somme) (Details) |
July 19–20 | 西方戰線 | Battle of Fromelles (Initial phase of the Battle of the Somme). |
July 23 – August 7 | 西方戰線 | Battle of Pozières (Initial phase of the Battle of the Somme) (Details) |
July 24 – August 8 | 東方戰線 | Battle of Kowel. |
July 30 | German agents sabotage munition factories in Jersey City that supply the Allies, causing the Black Tom explosion. | |
August 3–5 | 中東戰場 | Battle of Romani. Ottoman attack on the British in the Sinai peninsula fails. (Details) |
August 6–17 | Italian | Sixth Battle of the Isonzo. The Italians capture Gorizia (August 9). (Details) |
August 6 | Italian | Battle of Doberdo, part of the Sixth Battle of Isonzo. |
August 9–18 | 巴爾幹戰線 | First battle of Doiran. (Details) |
August 10 | 中東戰場 | Ottomans take Hamadan. (Details) |
August 24 | 非洲戰場 | Battle of Mlali. |
August 27 | 巴爾幹戰線 | Romania enters the war on the Entente's side. Her army is defeated in a few weeks. |
August 27 – December | 巴爾幹戰線 | Conquest of Romania by Central Powers. (Details) |
August 27 – November 26 | 巴爾幹戰線 | Battle of Transylvania, a phase of the conquest of Romania. |
August 28 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | Italy declares war on Germany.[23][48] |
August 29 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | Paul von Hindenburg replaces Erich von Falkenhayn as German Chief of Staff. (Details) |
August 30 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | The Ottoman Empire declares war on Romania.[23] |
September 1 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | Bulgaria declares war on Romania.[23] |
September 2–6 | 巴爾幹戰線 | Battle of Turtucaia, a phase of the conquest of Romania. |
September 3–6 | 西方戰線 | Battle of Guillemont (intermediate phase of the Battle of the Somme) (Details) |
September 5–7 | 巴爾幹戰線 | Battle of Dobrich, a phase of the conquest of Romania. |
September 6 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | The Central Powers create a unified command. |
September 7–11 | 非洲戰場 | Battle of Kisaki. |
September 8–19 | 非洲戰場 | Battle of Tabora. |
September 9 | 西方戰線 | Battle of Ginchy (intermediate phase of the Battle of the Somme) (Details) |
September 9–11 | 非洲戰場 | Battle of Dutumi. |
September 12 – December 11 | 巴爾幹戰線 | Monastir Offensive, set up of the Salonika Front. |
September 12–14 | 巴爾幹戰線 | Battle of Malka Nidzhe, a phase of the Monastir Offensive. |
September 12–30 | 巴爾幹戰線 | Battle of Kaymakchalan, a phase of the Monastir Offensive. |
September 14–17 | Italian | Seventh Battle of the Isonzo |
September 15–22 | 西方戰線 | Battle of Flers-Courcelette; the British use armoured tanks for the first time in history. (Details) |
September 17–19 | 巴爾幹戰線 | First Battle of Cobadin, a phase of the conquest of Romania. |
September 20 | 東方戰線 | The Brusilov Offensive ends with a substantial Russian success. (Details) |
September 25–28 | 西方戰線 | Battle of Morval (part of the final stages of the Battle of the Somme) (Details) |
September 26–28 | 西方戰線 | Battle of Thiepval Ridge (part of the final stages of the Battle of the Somme) (Details) |
September 29 – October 5 | 巴爾幹戰線 | Flamanda Offensive, a phase of the conquest of Romania. |
October–November | 巴爾幹戰線 | First Battle of the Cerna Bend, a phase of the Monastir Offensive. (Details) |
October 1 – November 5 | 西方戰線 | Battle of Le Transloy (last stage of the Battle of the Somme) (Details) |
October 1 – November 11 | 西方戰線 | Battle of Ancre Heights (last stage of the Battle of the Somme). |
October 9–12 | Italian | Eighth Battle of the Isonzo. |
October 14 – January 6, 1917 | 非洲戰場 | Battle of Kibata. |
October 19–25 | 巴爾幹戰線 | Second Battle of Cobadin, a phase of the conquest of Romania. |
October 24 | 西方戰線 | The French recapture Fort Douaumont near Verdun. (Details) |
November 1–4 | Italian | Ninth Battle of the Isonzo. |
November 11 | 非洲戰場 | Battle of Matamondo. |
November 13–18 | 西方戰線 | Battle of the Ancre (closing phase of the Battle of the Somme) (Details) |
November 18 | 西方戰線 | The Battle of the Somme ends with enormous casualties and an Anglo-French advantage. (Details) |
November 21 | Naval | HMHS Britannic sinks after hitting a German mine (Details) |
政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | Francis Joseph I, Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary, dies and is succeeded by Charles I. (Details) | |
November 25 | Naval | David Beatty replaces John Jellicoe as commander of the Grand Fleet. Jellicoe becomes First Lord of the Sea. (Details) |
November 25 – December 3 | 巴爾幹戰線 | Battle of Bucharest, a phase of the conquest of Romania. |
November 28 | 巴爾幹戰線 | Prunaru Charge, a phase of the Battle of Bucharest, Romanian cavalry desperately charge into enemy lines. |
December 1 | 巴爾幹戰線 | Battle of the Arges, a phase of the Battle of Bucharest. |
December 1 – January 18, 1917 | 中東戰場 | Allies capture Yanbu. (Details) |
December 3–6 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | In a four-day crisis December 3–6, 1916, H. H. Asquith is unaware how fast he is losing support. David Lloyd George now has growing Unionist support, the backing of Labour and (thanks to Christopher Addison) a majority of Liberal MPs. Asquith falls. (Details) |
December 7–31 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | The new Prime Minister Lloyd George answers the loud demands for a much more decisive government. He energetically sets up a new small war cabinet, a cabinet secretariat under Maurice Hankey, a secretariat of private advisors in the 'Garden Suburb' and moved towards prime ministerial control.[61] (Details) |
December 6 | 巴爾幹戰線 | The Germans occupy Bucharest. The capital of Romania moved to Iaşi. (Details) |
December 13 | 西方戰線 | Robert Nivelle replaces Joseph Joffre as Commander-in-Chief of the French Army. (Details) |
December 17 | 非洲戰場 | Kaocen Revolt: The Tuareg besiege the French garrison at Agadez. |
December 18 | 西方戰線 | Battle of Verdun ends with enormous casualties on both sides. |
December 23 | 中東戰場 | Battle of Magdhaba in the Sinai peninsula.[62] (Details) |
December 23–29 | 東方戰線 | Christmas Battles. |
December 27 | 非洲戰場 | Togoland is divided into British and French administrative zones. (Details) |
December 30 | 政策(英语:Diplomatic history of World War I) | Grigori Rasputin, Russia's éminence grise, is assassinated. (Details) |
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1917年
更多信息 Dates, Theater/Front/Campaign ...
Dates | Theater/Front/Campaign | Events |
---|---|---|
January 3–4 | African | Battle of Behobeho. |
January 9 | Middle Eastern | Battle of Rafa. The British drive the Ottomans out of Sinai. (Details) |
January 11 – March 13 | Western | British raid the Ancre. (Details) |
January 16 | Politics | The German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmermann sends a telegram to his ambassador in Mexico, instructing him to propose an alliance against the United States to the Mexican government. (Details) |
February 1 | Naval | Germany resumes unrestricted submarine warfare. (Details) |
February 3 | Naval | SS Housatonic an American steamer carrying wheat from Galveston, Texas to England is sunk by a U-boat. |
February 13 | Politics | Mata Hari is arrested in Paris on charges of spying for the Germans. |
February 23 | Middle Eastern | Second Battle of Kut. The British recapture the city. (Details) |
February 23 – April 5 | Western | The Germans withdraw to the Hindenburg Line. |
March 1 | Politics | Arz von Straussenberg replaces Conrad von Hötzendorf as Austro-Hungarian Chief of Staff. (Details) |
March 3 | African | The French relieve Agadez. |
March 8–11 | Middle Eastern | The British capture Baghdad. (Details) |
March 8 | Politics | The celebrations of the International Women's Day in Petrograd spawn severe protests that will evolve into the February Revolution. |
March 12 | Politics | Russian troops refuse to fire on demonstrators after 50 are killed in Petrograd's Znamenskaya Square the day before. Numerous attacks against prisons, courts, police stations and Okhrana offices. Provisional Committee of the Duma formed. Petrograd Soviet formed. |
March 13 | African | Battle of Nambanje. |
March 13 – April 23 | Middle Eastern | Samarra offensive, British capture much of Mesopotamia. |
March 14 | Politics | China severs relations with Germany.[23] |
March 15 | Politics | Nicholas II abdicates. A provisional government is formed. |
March 16 | Politics | Lenin arrives in Petrograd from his exile in Switzerland and publishes his April Thesis. |
March 17 | Politics | Aristide Briand resigns as Prime Minister of France; he is replaced by Alexandre Ribot. |
March 26 | Middle Eastern | First Battle of Gaza. The British attempt to capture the city fails.[63] (Details) |
April–October | Middle Eastern | Stalemate in Southern Palestine. |
April 2–3 | Western | Australians attack Noreuil. (Details.) |
April 6 | Politics | The United States declares war on Germany.[64] (Details) |
April 7 | Politics | Cuba declares war on Germany.[23] |
Politics | Panama declares war on Germany.[23] | |
Asian and Pacific | Scuttling of SMS Cormoran in Guam, the only hostile action between American and German forces in the Pacific. | |
April 9 – May 17 | Western | Second Battle of Arras. The British attack a heavily fortified German line without obtaining any strategic breakthrough.[65] (Details) |
April 9–12 | Western | The Canadians obtain a significant victory in the Battle of Vimy Ridge, part of the first phase of the Second Battle of Arras.[66] (Details) |
April 9–14 | Western | First Battle of the Scarpe, part of the first phase of the Second Battle of Arras. (Details) |
April 10–11 | Western | First Battle of Bullecourt, part of the first phase of the Second Battle of Arras. (Details) |
April 11 | Politics | Brazil severs relations with Germany.[23] |
April 13 | Politics | Bolivia severs relations with Germany.[23] |
April 15 | Western | Battle of Lagnicourt, part of the Second phase of the Second Battle of Arras. (Details) |
April 16 – May 9 | Western | The Second Battle of the Aisne (also known as Nivelle Offensive) ends in disaster for both the French army and its commander Robert Nivelle.[67] (Details) |
April 17–20 | Western | Battle of the Hills (also known as Third battle of Champagne), a diversion to the Second Battle of the Aisne. |
April 19 | Middle Eastern | Second Battle of Gaza. The Ottoman lines resist a British attack. (Details) |
April 22 – May 8 | Balkan | Second Battle of Doiran. (Details) |
April 23 | Politics | The Ottoman Empire severs relations with the United States.[23] |
April 23–24 | Western | Second Battle of Scarpe, part of the second phase of the Second Battle of Arras. (Details) |
April 28–29 | Western | Battle of Arleux, part of the Second phase of the Second Battle of Arras. (Details) |
April 29 – May 20 | Western | Series of mutinies in the French army.[68] (Details) |
May 3–4 | Western | Third battle of the Scarpe, part of the second phase of the Second Battle of Arras. (Details) |
Politics | Mass demonstrations in Petrograd and Moscow to protest Pavel Milyukov's note affirming Russia's commitment to the Entente war effort. (Details) | |
May 3–17 | Western | Second Battle of Bullecourt, part of the second phase of the Second Battle of Arras. (Details) |
May 5 | Politics | Australian Prime Minister Billy Hughes wins an enlarged majority in federal elections with the pro-conscription Nationalist Party. (Details) |
May 5–15 | Balkan | Allied Spring offensive on the Salonika Front. |
May 5–9 | Balkan | Second Battle of the Cerna Bend, a phase of the Allied Spring Offensive. (Details) |
May 12 – June 6 | Italian | Tenth Battle of the Isonzo. (Details) |
May 15 | Western | Philippe Pétain replaces Robert Nivelle as Commander-in-Chief of the French Army.[69] (Details) |
May 23 | Italian | Battle of Mount Hermada in the Karst. |
Politics | Salonika Trial ends: Dragutin Dimitrijevic, chief conspirator of the Sarajevo Assassination, is sentenced to death by Serbia on trumped up charges, as part of negotiations for a peace treaty with Austria-Hungary. | |
June–October | Western | Operation Hush, Abortive British plan to capture coast of Belgium. |
June 7–14 | Western | Second Battle of Messines, the British blow 19 deep mines and recapture Messines Ridge. (Details) |
June 10–29 | Italian | Battle of Mount Ortigara. (Details) |
June 12 | Politics | Constantine I of Greece abdicates.[70] |
June 13 | Air | First successful heavy bomber raid on London done by the Gotha G.IV. |
June 25 | Western | First American troops land in France. (Details) |
June 27 | Western | Batterie Pommern aka. 'Lange Max', world's largest gun fires for the first time from Koekelare to Dunkirk (±50 km). |
June 30 | Politics | Greece declares war on the Central powers. (Details) |
July 1–2 | Eastern | Battle of Zborov, a phase of the Kerensky Offensive. (Details) |
July 1–12 | Politics | Brief monarchist coup and restoration in China, allegedly promoted by Germany to distance China from the Entente. (Details) |
July 1–19 | Eastern | The Kerensky Offensive fails. It is the last Russian initiative in the war.[71] (Details) |
July 6 | Middle Eastern | Arab rebels led by Lawrence of Arabia seize the Jordanian port of Aqaba.[72] (Details) |
July 11 | Western | The Open Letter to Albert I is published by Flemish Movement sympathisers within the Belgian Army on the Yser Front, complaining about official discrimination against Dutch language (Details) |
July 16–17 | Politics | Petrograd July Days. |
July 19 | Politics | The Reichstag passes a Peace Resolution. |
July 20 | Politics | Corfu Declaration about the future Kingdom of Yugoslavia.[73] (Details) |
July 21 | Politics | Alexander Kerensky replaces Georgy Lvov as Minister-President of the Russian Provisional Government. |
July 22 | Politics | Siam declares war on Germany and Austria-Hungary.[23] |
July 22 – August 1 | Balkan | Battle of Mărăști |
July 29 | African | Battle of Kiawe Bridge. |
July 31 | Western | The Third Battle of Ypres (also known as Battle of Passchendaele) begins. (Details) |
July 31 – August 2 | Western | Battle of Pilckem Ridge (Opening phase of the Third Battle of Ypres). |
August 2 | Asian and Pacific | The German raider SMS Seeadler is wrecked at Mopelia in French Polynesia. |
August 2–10 | African | Battle of Rumbo. |
August 4 | Politics | Liberia declares war on Germany. |
August 6–20 | Balkan | Battle of Mărăşeşti. (Details) |
August 8–22 | Balkan | Third Battle of Oituz. |
August 14 | Politics | China declares war on Germany and Austria-Hungary.[74][23] |
August 15–25 | Western | Battle of Hill 70 (Continuation of British operations near Lens). |
August 16–18 | Western | Second Battle of Langemarck (Initial phase of the Third Battle of Ypres). (Details) |
August 17 | Asian and Pacific | China terminates the German and Austro-Hungarian concessions in Tianjin and occupies them. |
August 18–28 | Italian | Eleventh Battle of the Isonzo. (Details) |
August 20–26 | Western | Second Offensive Battle of Verdun. |
September – October | Eastern | Operation Albion. German capture of Oesel, Dago and Moon Islands. |
September 1–3 | Eastern | Battle of Jugla. |
September 5 | Asian and Pacific | The SMS Seeadler's crew sail to Fiji in a lifeboat and capture the French schooner Lutece, allowing their escape. They rename it Fortuna. |
September 5–12 | Politics | The Third Zimmerwald Conference of the anti-war socialist Zimmerwald Movement, is held in Stockholm. (Details) |
September 8–12 | Politics | Russia: General Kornilov's coup attempt fails. (Details) |
September 12 | Politics | Alexandre Ribot resigns as Prime Minister of France; he is replaced by Paul Painlevé. |
September 14 | Politics | Russia declared a republic. |
September 20–26 | Western | Battle of the Menin Road Ridge (Second phase of the Third Battle of Ypres). |
September 21 | Politics | Costa Rica severs relations with Germany.[23] |
September 26–27 | Western | Battle of Polygon Wood (Second phase of the Third Battle of Ypres). |
September 28–29 | Middle Eastern | Battle of Ramadi, Mesopotamia. (Details) |
October 4 | Western | Battle of Broodseinde (Second phase of the Third Battle of Ypres). |
October 5 | Asian and Pacific | The Fortuna wrecks at Easter Island and its crew is interned by the Chileans. |
October 6 | Politics | Peru severs relations with Germany.[23] |
October 7 | Politics | Uruguay severs relations with Germany.[23] |
October 9 | Western | Battle of Poelcappelle (Last phase of the Third Battle of Ypres). |
October 12 | Western | First Battle of Passchendaele (Last phase of the Third Battle of Ypres). |
October 15 | Politics | Mata Hari executed. |
October 15–18 | African | Battle of Mahiwa. |
October 23 | Middle Eastern | Battle of Wadi Musa. |
October 23 – November 10 | Western | Battle of La Malmaison, much-postponed French attack on the Chemin des Dames. (Details) |
October 24 – November 4 | Italian | Battle of Caporetto. The Austro-Hungarians and Germans break through the Italian lines. The Italian army is defeated and falls back on the Piave River. (Details) |
October 26 | Politics | Brazil declares war on Germany.[23] |
October 26 – November 10 | Western | Second Battle of Passchendaele (Last phase of the Third Battle of Ypres). |
October 27 | Middle Eastern | Battle of Buqqar Ridge. |
October 30 | Politics | Italy: Vittorio Emanuele Orlando succeeds Paolo Boselli as Prime Minister. (Details) |
October 31 – November 7 | Middle Eastern | Third Battle of Gaza. The British break through the Ottoman lines. (Details) |
October 31 | Middle Eastern | Battle of Beersheba (opening phase of the Third Battle of Gaza). (Details) |
November 1–6 | Middle Eastern | Battle of Tel el Khuweilfe. |
November 2 | Politics | Balfour Declaration: the British government supports plans for a Jewish "national home" in Palestine. (Details) |
November 5 | Politics | The Allies agree to establish a Supreme War Council at Versailles. |
November 7 | Politics | October Revolution: Kerensky flees Petrograd just before the Petrograd Soviet seizes the Winter Palace. |
Middle Eastern | Charge at Sheria. | |
November 8 | Italian | Armando Diaz replaces Luigi Cadorna as Commander-in-Chief of the Italian Army. (Details) |
Middle Eastern | Charge at Huj. | |
November 9 – December 28 | Italian | First Battle of the Piave: the Austro-Hungarians and Germans try unsuccessfully to cross the river. (Details) |
November 10 | Western | The Third Battle of Ypres (also known as Battle of Passchendaele) ends. (Details) |
November 11 – December 23 | Italian | First Battle of Monte Grappa, Austro-Hungarian offensive halted. |
November 13 | Politics | France: Paul Painlevé is replaced by Georges Clemenceau as Prime Minister. (Details) |
Middle Eastern | Battle of Mughar Ridge. | |
November 14 | Middle Eastern | Battle of Ayun Kara. |
November 17 | Naval | Second Battle of Heligoland Bight, North Sea. (Details) |
November 17 – December 30 | Middle Eastern | Battle of Jerusalem. The British enter the city (December 11). (Details) |
November 18–24 | Middle Eastern | Battle of Nebi Samwil, a phase of the Battle of Jerusalem. |
November 19 | Italian | Battle of Caporetto ends. Central Powers take a quarter of a million prisoners. (Details) |
November 20 – December 3 | Western | First Battle of Cambrai. A British attack and the biggest German attack against the British since 1915 succeed and the battle is a stalemate.[75] (Details) |
November 25 | African | Battle of Ngomano, the Germans invade Portuguese East Africa to gain supplies. |
December 1 | Middle Eastern | Battle of El Burj, a phase of the Battle of Jerusalem. |
December 6 | Naval | Halifax Explosion: An accidental collision between the Norwegian supply ship SS Imo and the French cargo ship SS Mont-Blanc, laden with high explosives for the Western Front, leaves 2,000 dead and 9,000 injured in Richmond, Nova Scotia. It is the largest man-made explosion before the invention of atomic weapons. |
December 6 | Politics | Finland declares independence from Russia. |
December 7 | Politics | The United States declares war on Austria-Hungary.[23] |
December 8 | Politics | Ecuador severs relations with Germany.[23] |
December 9 | Politics | Romania signs an armistice with the Central Powers. |
December 10 | Politics | Panama declares war on Austria-Hungary.[23] |
December 11 | Middle Eastern | General Allenby leads British and Indian troops into Jerusalem, ending 400 years of Ottoman rule. |
December 15 | Politics | Armistice between Russia and the Central Powers, to take effect on December 17. |
December 16 | Politics | Armistice of Erzincan between the Ottomans and the Russian Special Transcaucasian Committee. |
December 17 | Politics | Canadian Prime Minister Robert Borden wins an enlarged majority in federal elections with the pro-conscription Unionist Party. (Details) |
December 20–21 | Middle Eastern | Battle of Jaffa, a phase of the Battle of Jerusalem. (Details) |
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1918年
1919年
1920年
1920年以後
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