List of countries by inequality-adjusted Human Development Index

This is a list of countries by inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI), as published by the UNDP in its 2024 Human Development Report. According to the 2016 Report, "The IHDI can be interpreted as the level of human development when inequality is accounted for", whereas the Human Development Index itself, from which the IHDI is derived, is "an index of potential human development (or the maximum IHDI that could be achieved if there were no inequality)".^[1][2] However the past several reports, including HDR 23/24, don't compare them in this way.

World map representing the inequality-adjusted Human Development Index categories (based on 2022 data, published in 2024).

0.800–1.000 (very high)   0.700–0.799 (high)   0.550–0.699 (medium)

0.220–0.549 (low)   Data unavailable

World map showing more detailed breakdown of countries by inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (based on 2022 data, published in 2024).

0.900–0.910   0.850–0.899   0.800–0.849   0.750–0.799   0.700–0.749   0.650–0.699

0.600–0.649   0.550–0.599   0.500–0.549   0.450–0.499   0.400–0.449

0.350–0.399   0.300–0.349   0.250–0.299   0.222–0.249   Data unavailable

Methodology

Main article: Human Development Index

See also: List of countries by Human Development Index

The index captures the HDI of the average (calculated using not arithmetic, but geometric mean) person in society, which is less than the aggregate HDI when there is inequality in the distribution of health, education and income. Under perfect equality, the HDI and IHDI are equal; the greater the difference between the two, the greater the inequality.

The IHDI, estimated for the world and specific countries, captures the losses in human development due to inequality in health, education and income. Losses in all three dimensions vary across countries, ranging from just a few percent (Czech Republic, Slovenia) up to over 40% (Comoros, Angola). Overall loss takes into account all three dimensions.^[3]

List

The table below ranks countries according to their inequality-adjusted human development index (IHDI). Data is based on 2022 estimates.

2022 inequality-adjusted HDI (IHDI) (2024 report)

Table of countries by IHDI

Rank	Country	2022 estimates (2024 report)[4][5]
		IHDI	HDI	Overall loss (%) due to inequality
1	Iceland	0.910	0.959	5.1
2	Norway	0.903	0.966	6.5
3	Denmark	0.898	0.952	5.7
4	Switzerland	0.891	0.967	7.9
5	Finland	0.886	0.942	5.9
6	Ireland	0.886	0.950	6.7
7	Netherlands	0.885	0.946	6.4
8	Slovenia	0.882	0.926	4.8
9	Germany	0.881	0.950	7.3
10	Sweden	0.878	0.952	7.8
11	Belgium	0.878	0.942	6.8
12	United Kingdom	0.865	0.940	8.0
13	Canada	0.864	0.935	7.6
14	Australia	0.860	0.946	9.1
15	Austria	0.859	0.926	7.2
16	United Arab Emirates	0.859	0.937	8.3
17	New Zealand	0.856	0.939	8.8
18	Czech Republic	0.848	0.895	5.3
19	Japan	0.844	0.920	8.3
20	South Korea	0.841	0.929	9.5
21	Hong Kong	0.840	0.956	12.1
22	Luxembourg	0.839	0.927	9.5
23	Malta	0.837	0.915	8.5
24	Estonia	0.835	0.899	7.1
25	Cyprus	0.827	0.907	8.8
26	Singapore	0.825	0.949	13.1
27	United States	0.823	0.927	11.2
28	France	0.820	0.910	9.9
29	Croatia	0.817	0.878	6.9
30	Andorra	0.810	0.884	8.4
31	Israel	0.808	0.915	11.7
32	Slovakia	0.808	0.855	5.5
33	Latvia	0.802	0.879	8.8
34	Italy	0.802	0.906	11.5
35	Greece	0.801	0.893	10.3
36	Hungary	0.800	0.851	6.0
37	Poland	0.797	0.881	9.5
38	Spain	0.796	0.911	12.6
39	Lithuania	0.795	0.879	9.6
40	Portugal	0.774	0.874	11.4
41	Montenegro	0.756	0.844	10.4
42	Belarus	0.750	0.801	6.4
43	Russia	0.747	0.821	9.0
44	Argentina	0.747	0.849	12.0
45	Serbia	0.740	0.805	8.1
46	Romania	0.739	0.827	10.6
47	Kazakhstan	0.734	0.802	8.5
48	Georgia	0.728	0.814	10.6
49	Brunei Darussalam	0.727	0.823	11.7
50	Oman	0.721	0.819	12.0
51	Armenia	0.721	0.786	8.3
52	Uruguay	0.720	0.830	13.3
53	Turkey	0.717	0.855	16.1
54	Seychelles	0.715	0.802	10.8
55	Azerbaijan	0.707	0.760	7.0
56	Chile	0.704	0.860	18.1
57	Bulgaria	0.703	0.799	12.0
58	Moldova	0.698	0.763	8.5
59	Malaysia	0.692	0.807	14.3
60	Albania	0.687	0.789	12.9
61	Thailand	0.681	0.803	15.2
62	North Macedonia	0.679	0.765	11.2
63	Ukraine	0.676	0.734	7.9
64	Bosnia and Herzegovina	0.667	0.779	14.4
65	Bahamas	0.663	0.820	19.1
66	China	0.662	0.788	16.0
67	Costa Rica	0.656	0.806	18.6
68	Tonga	0.654	0.739	11.5
69	Panama	0.647	0.820	21.1
70	Mongolia	0.645	0.741	13.0
71	Mexico	0.641	0.781	17.9
72	Kyrgyzstan	0.634	0.701	9.6
73	Palau	0.633	0.797	20.6
74	Fiji	0.632	0.729	13.3
75	Sri Lanka	0.630	0.780	19.2
76	Ecuador	0.630	0.765	17.6
77	Dominican Republic	0.627	0.766	18.1
78	Mauritius	0.625	0.796	21.5
79	Marshall Islands	0.620	0.731	15.2
80	Barbados	0.617	0.809	23.7
81	Jordan	0.615	0.736	16.4
82	Peru	0.607	0.762	20.3
83	Vietnam	0.607	0.726	16.4
84	Samoa	0.602	0.702	14.2
85	Venezuela	0.600	0.699	14.2
86	Maldives	0.597	0.762	21.7
87	Philippines	0.590	0.710	16.9
88	Algeria	0.588	0.745	21.1
89	Indonesia	0.588	0.713	17.5
90	Palestine	0.587	0.716	18.0
91	Tajikistan	0.585	0.679	13.8
92	Iran	0.584	0.780	25.1
93	Jamaica	0.584	0.706	17.3
94	Paraguay	0.582	0.731	20.4
95	Brazil	0.577	0.760	24.1
	World	0.576	0.739	22.1
96	Tunisia	0.574	0.732	21.6
97	Colombia	0.568	0.758	25.1
98	Egypt	0.561	0.728	22.9
99	Bolivia	0.560	0.698	19.8
100	El Salvador	0.548	0.674	18.7
101	Tuvalu	0.545	0.653	16.5
102	Saint Lucia	0.539	0.725	25.7
103	Kiribati	0.528	0.628	15.9
104	Gabon	0.526	0.693	24.1
105	Iraq	0.519	0.673	22.9
106	Morocco	0.508	0.698	27.2
107	Nicaragua	0.507	0.669	24.2
108	Botswana	0.488	0.708	31.1
109	Honduras	0.480	0.624	23.1
110	Myanmar	0.475	0.608	21.9
111	Cabo Verde	0.471	0.661	28.7
112	Bangladesh	0.470	0.670	29.9
113	Laos	0.466	0.620	24.8
114	Bhutan	0.465	0.681	31.7
115	South Africa	0.462	0.717	35.6
116	São Tomé and Príncipe	0.459	0.613	25.1
117	Guatemala	0.453	0.629	28.0
118	India	0.444	0.644	31.1
119	Cambodia	0.438	0.600	27.0
120	Kenya	0.438	0.601	27.1
121	Nepal	0.424	0.601	29.5
122	Timor-Leste	0.407	0.566	28.1
123	Papua New Guinea	0.407	0.568	28.3
124	Namibia	0.399	0.615	34.6
125	Republic of the Congo	0.385	0.593	35.1
126	Ghana	0.378	0.602	37.2
127	Rwanda	0.377	0.548	31.2
128	Uganda	0.377	0.550	31.5
129	Eswatini	0.372	0.610	39.0
130	Tanzania	0.372	0.532	30.1
131	Zimbabwe	0.370	0.550	32.7
132	Nigeria	0.369	0.548	32.7
133	Cameroon	0.362	0.587	38.3
134	Pakistan	0.360	0.540	33.3
135	Malawi	0.359	0.508	29.3
136	Mauritania	0.351	0.540	35.0
137	Togo	0.345	0.547	36.9
138	Angola	0.344	0.591	41.8
139	Zambia	0.344	0.569	39.5
140	Djibouti	0.341	0.515	33.8
141	Haiti	0.335	0.552	39.3
142	Senegal	0.334	0.517	35.4
143	Comoros	0.334	0.586	43.0
144	Lesotho	0.332	0.521	36.3
145	Sudan	0.331	0.516	35.9
146	Madagascar	0.328	0.487	32.6
147	Ethiopia	0.324	0.492	34.1
148	Côte d'Ivoire	0.318	0.534	40.4
149	Democratic Republic of the Congo	0.315	0.481	34.5
150	Gambia	0.311	0.495	37.2
151	Liberia	0.310	0.487	36.3
152	Guinea-Bissau	0.310	0.483	35.8
153	Benin	0.309	0.504	38.7
154	Afghanistan	0.300	0.462	35.1
155	Yemen	0.285	0.424	32.8
156	Guinea	0.285	0.471	39.5
157	Sierra Leone	0.277	0.458	39.5
158	Mali	0.277	0.410	32.4
159	Burundi	0.273	0.420	35.0
160	Mozambique	0.270	0.461	41.4
161	Niger	0.262	0.394	33.5
162	Burkina Faso	0.261	0.438	40.4
163	Chad	0.238	0.394	39.6
164	Central African Republic	0.237	0.387	38.8
165	South Sudan	0.222	0.381	41.7

See also

• Economic inequality
• Human Development Report
• List of countries by Human Development Index
• List of countries by income equality
• List of countries by planetary pressures–adjusted Human Development Index
• List of countries by share of income of the richest one percent
• Median income
• Per capita income
• Poverty
• Social inequality
• Social Progress Index
• Welfare's effect on poverty

References

1. Human Development Reports, Composite indices – HDI and beyond (2015) 87
2. "Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI)". Hdr.undp.org. Retrieved 2010-11-05.
3. "Frequently Asked Questions – Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI)". United Nations.
4. "Download IHDI dataset". hdr.undp.org. UNDP. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
5. "All composite indices and components time series (1990–2021)". hdr.undp.org. UNDP. Retrieved 13 September 2022.

External links

• Human Development Reports