Die Elenden sollen essen, BWV 75
Church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Johann Sebastian Bach composed the church cantata Die Elenden sollen essen (The miserable shall eat),[1] BWV 75, for the first Sunday after Trinity. He debuted it in Leipzig on 30 May 1723, assuming the position of Thomaskantor. The complex work is in two parts, each consisting of seven movements, and marks the beginning of his first annual cycle of cantatas.
Die Elenden sollen essen | |
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BWV 75 | |
Church cantata by J. S. Bach | |
Occasion | First Sunday after Trinity |
Bible text | Psalms 22:26 |
Chorale | "Was Gott tut, das ist wohlgetan" |
Composed | 1723 (1723): Köthen |
Performed | 30 May 1723 (1723-05-30): Leipzig |
Movements | 14 in two parts (7, 7) |
Vocal | SATB choir and solo |
Instrumental |
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Bach composed the cantata at a decisive turning point in his career. After various positions in churches and courts, he assumed his post of Thomaskantor in Leipzig on the first Sunday after Trinity, performing this cantata. He became responsible for the church music in four churches of Leipzig, and began the ambitious project of composing a new cantata for every occasion of the liturgical year.
The work's structure is unusual in that it consists of 14 movements in two symmetrical parts, intended to be performed before and after the sermon. The text begins with a quotation from Psalm 22 and contrasts wealth and poverty. The focus of the second part is on being poor or rich in spirit. Both parts are concluded by a stanza of Samuel Rodigast's hymn "Was Gott tut, das ist wohlgetan". Bach scored the cantata for four vocal soloists and a four-part choir (SATB), and a Baroque instrumental ensemble of trumpet, two oboes, oboe d'amore, two violins, viola, and basso continuo including bassoon. The two parts of seven movements each are composed as the same arrangement of alternating recitatives and arias with a concluding chorale, only Part II is opened by a sinfonia instead of a chorus as Part I. The performance was acknowledged in the press, noting that Bach "produced his first music here with great success."[2]