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Short-range ballistic missile From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Hwasong-5 (Korean: 화성 5; Hanja: 火星 5; lit. Mars 5)[3] is a North Korean short range ballistic missile (SRBM)[2] derived from the Soviet R-17 Elbrus missile.[4] It is one of several missiles with the NATO reporting name Scud-B.[1]
Hwasong-5 | |
---|---|
Type | SRBM |
Service history | |
In service | 1987 |
Used by | Operators |
Production history | |
Manufacturer | North Korea |
Specifications | |
Warhead | Conventional high-explosive fragmentation or cluster warhead |
Warhead weight | 1000 kg[1] |
Engine | Liquid fuel[1] |
Operational range | 300 km[1] |
Accuracy | 450 m. CEP[2] |
Transport | Transporter erector launcher[1] |
North Korea received rocket artillery, surface-to-air missiles (SAMs), and anti-ship missiles from the Soviet Union in the 1960s and then from China in the 1970s.[5] The range and accuracy of the 2K6 Luna were unsatisfactory, but the Soviets refused to supply ballistic missiles to limit tensions in Korea.[4] North Korea sought a domestic missile production capability by 1965, and began making military and industrial preparations shortly afterward.[5]
A joint development program with China of the DF-61 missile began in 1977, but was cancelled in 1978 due to Chinese domestic politics.[6] North Korea received R-17s from Egypt in the late 1970s or early 1980s. North Korea supported Egypt during the Yom Kippur War and the countries had friendly relations.[7][4]
The R-17s were reverse engineered to develop multiple derivatives starting with the Hwasong-5.[4] The Hwasong-5 may have slightly better range than the R-17 due to improved engines.[8] There were up to six test launches from April to September 1984 with three successes.[8][1] The missile entered production in 1985. Serial production began in 1986. It entered North Korean service in 1987.[1]
Hwasong-series missiles are reportedly manufactured by the No. 125 Factory in Pyongyang.[9]
Iran used the Hwasong-5 during the War of the Cities, with eight launch failures. North Korea received operational data from Iran. Iran first requested missiles from North Korea in 1985, and a 1985 cooperation agreement between the countries may have included Iranian funds for ballistic missile development.[8] North Korea has also been exporting these missiles to Syria, where they began to be produced under a joint contract.[10]
In 1989, the United Arab Emirates purchased Hwasong-5 missiles.[11] The missiles were decommissioned, allegedly due to unsatisfactory quality.[12]
In the late 2000s, a missile technology transfer from North Korea to Myanmar may have included the Hwasong-5.[13]
Source:[17]
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