Lithium aluminium hydride
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Lithium aluminium hydride, commonly abbreviated to LAH, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Li[AlH4] or LiAlH4. It is a white solid, discovered by Finholt, Bond and Schlesinger in 1947.[4] This compound is used as a reducing agent in organic synthesis, especially for the reduction of esters, carboxylic acids, and amides. The solid is dangerously reactive toward water, releasing gaseous hydrogen (H2). Some related derivatives have been discussed for hydrogen storage.
Quick Facts Names, Identifiers ...
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Names | |||
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Preferred IUPAC name
Lithium tetrahydridoaluminate(III) | |||
Systematic IUPAC name
Lithium alumanuide | |||
Other names
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Identifiers | |||
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3D model (JSmol) |
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Abbreviations | LAH | ||
ChEBI | |||
ChemSpider |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.037.146 | ||
EC Number |
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13167 | |||
PubChem CID |
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RTECS number |
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UNII | |||
UN number | 1410 | ||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |||
Li[AlH4] | |||
Molar mass | 37.95 g·mol−1 | ||
Appearance | white crystals (pure samples) grey powder (commercial material) hygroscopic | ||
Odor | odorless | ||
Density | 0.917 g/cm3, solid | ||
Melting point | 150 °C (302 °F; 423 K) (decomposes) | ||
Reacts | |||
Solubility in tetrahydrofuran | 112.332 g/L | ||
Solubility in diethyl ether | 39.5 g/(100 mL) | ||
Structure | |||
monoclinic | |||
P21/c | |||
Thermochemistry | |||
Heat capacity (C) |
86.4 J/(mol·K) | ||
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
87.9 J/(mol·K) | ||
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−117 kJ/mol | ||
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵) |
−48.4 kJ/mol | ||
Hazards[1] | |||
GHS labelling: | |||
Danger | |||
H260, H314 | |||
P223, P231+P232, P280, P305+P351+P338, P370+P378, P422[2] | |||
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
Flash point | 125 °C (257 °F; 398 K) | ||
Safety data sheet (SDS) | Lithium aluminium hydride | ||
Related compounds | |||
Related hydride |
aluminium hydride sodium borohydride sodium hydride Sodium aluminium hydride | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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