Protein S deficiency
Medical condition / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dear Wikiwand AI, let's keep it short by simply answering these key questions:
Can you list the top facts and stats about Protein S deficiency?
Summarize this article for a 10 year old
Protein S deficiency is a disorder associated with increased risk of venous thrombosis.[1] Protein S, a vitamin K-dependent physiological anticoagulant, acts as a nonenzymatic cofactor to activate protein C in the degradation of factor Va and factor VIIIa.[3]
Protein S deficiency | |
---|---|
Protein S structure | |
Specialty | Hematology |
Symptoms | Purpura fulminans[1] |
Causes | Vitamin K deficiency[1] |
Diagnostic method | Coagulation test[1] |
Treatment | Heparin, Warfarin[2] |
Decreased (antigen) levels or impaired function of protein S leads to decreased degradation of factor Va and factor VIIIa and an increased propensity to venous thrombosis. Some risk factors for deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism in patients with protein S deficiency include pregnancy, older age, hormonal therapy, consumption of birth control pills, recent surgery, trauma, and physical inactivity.[4] Protein S circulates in human plasma in two forms: approximately 60 percent is bound to complement component C4b β-chain while the remaining 40 percent is free, only free protein S has activated protein C cofactor activity[medical citation needed]