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Consonantal sound represented by ⟨ɖ⟩ in IPA From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The voiced retroflex plosive or stop is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɖ ⟩, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is d`
. Like all the retroflex consonants, the IPA symbol is formed by adding a rightward-pointing hook extending from the bottom of a d, the letter that is used for the corresponding alveolar consonant. Many South Asian languages, such as Hindi and Urdu, have a two-way contrast between plain and murmured (breathy voice) [ɖ ].
This article needs additional citations for verification. (January 2018) |
Voiced retroflex plosive | |||
---|---|---|---|
ɖ | |||
IPA Number | 106 | ||
Audio sample | |||
Encoding | |||
Entity (decimal) | ɖ | ||
Unicode (hex) | U+0256 | ||
X-SAMPA | d` | ||
Braille | |||
|
Features of the voiced retroflex stop:
Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Asturian | Astierna dialect | ḷḷingua | [ɖiŋɡwä] | 'tongue' | Corresponds to /ʎ/ in other dialects. See Che Vaqueira |
Balochi | ڈل / dèl | [ɖɪl] | 'female donkey' | ||
Bengali[1] | ডাকাত | [ɖakat̪] | 'robber' | Apical postalveolar.[1] See Bengali phonology | |
English | Indian dialects | dine | [ɖaɪn] | 'to eat' | Corresponds to /d/ in other dialects. See English phonology |
Gujarati[2] | હાડ | [ɦaɖ] | 'bone' | Subapical.[2] See Gujarati phonology | |
Hindustani[3][4] | डालना/ڈالنا | [ɖaːlnaː] | 'to put' | Apical postalveolar.[4] See Hindustani phonology | |
Javanese | ꦣꦲꦂ/dhahar/ڎاهار | [ɖahaɽ] | 'to eat' | ||
Kannada | ಅಡಸು | [ɐɖɐsu] | 'to join' | ||
Maba | kodrok / كٛڔٛك | [kɔɖɔk] | 'false' | ||
Malayalam | പാണ്ഡവർ | [ˈpaːɳɖaʋɐr] | 'Pandavas' | ||
Marathi[2] | हाड | [haːɖ] | 'bone' | Subapical.[2] See Marathi phonology | |
Nepali | डर | [ɖʌr] | 'fear' | Apical postalveolar. See Nepali phonology | |
Nihali | [biɖum] | 'one' | |||
Norwegian | varde | [ˈʋɑɖːə] | 'beacon' | See Norwegian phonology | |
Odia | ଡଙ୍ଗା/ḍaṅgā | [ɖɔŋga] | 'boat' | Apical postalveolar. | |
Pashto | ډﻙ | [ɖak] | 'full' | ||
Punjabi | ਡੱਡੂ | [ɖəɖːu] | 'frog' | ||
Sardinian | cherveddu | 'brain' | |||
Sicilian | coḍḍu | [kɔɖːu] | 'neck' | ||
Sinhala | බඩ | [baɖə] | 'stomach' | ||
Somali | dhul | [ɖul] | 'earth, land, ground' | See Somali phonology | |
Spanish | dado | [ɖädo] | 'dado' | Realization of /ð/ in some accents. See Spanish phonology | |
Swedish | nord | 'north' | See Swedish phonology | ||
Tamil[2][5] | வண்டி | [ʋəɳɖi] | 'cart' | Subapical;[2] allophone of /ʈ/.[5] See Tamil phonology | |
Telugu | కడ్డి | [kɐɖːi] | 'rod' | Contrasts unaspirated and aspirated forms. Aspirated form articulated as breathy consonant. | |
Torwali[6] | ڈىغو | [ɖiɣu] | 'late afternoon' | Realised as [ɽ] between vowels. | |
Urdu | ڈنڈا | [ɖəɳɖaː] | 'stick' |
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