Abubakar
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Abū Bakr aṣ-Ṣiddīq ‘Abdallāh bin Abī Quḥāfah (Larabci: أبو بكر الصديق عبد الله بن أبي قحافة; Ya rayu daga shekara ta dari biyar da saba,in da uku 573 CE zuwazuwa ashirin da uku 23 Agustan shekarar dari shida da talatin da uku 634 CE), An haife shine a 27 ga watan Octoban shekara ta 573,a garin Makkah, Kasar Saudiya.Ya rasu a 23 ga watan Agusta shekara ta 634, a garin Madina An fi sanin sa da sunan Abu Bakar, Ya kasance Babban Sahabi kuma Sirikin Manzon Allah ne, Annabi Muhammad tsira da aminci Allah su tabbata a gare shi. Abu Bakar shi ne mutum na farko daya musulunta wanda badaga cikin dangin manzon Allah yake ba, Abu Bakar ya kasance mai biyayya ga Manzon Allah yayin rayuwarsa.[1][2]
Abubakar | |||
---|---|---|---|
8 ga Yuni, 632 - 22 ga Augusta, 634 - Sayyadina Umar → | |||
Rayuwa | |||
Haihuwa | Makkah, 27 Oktoba 573 | ||
ƙasa | Khulafa'hur-Rashidun | ||
Ƙabila | Larabawa | ||
Mutuwa | Madinah, 23 ga Augusta, 634 (Gregorian) | ||
Makwanci | Masallacin Annabi | ||
Ƴan uwa | |||
Mahaifi | Abu Quhafa | ||
Mahaifiya | Salma Umm-ul-Khair | ||
Abokiyar zama |
Qutaylah bint Abd-al-Uzza (en) Asma bint Umays (en) Fatima bint Zaid (en) Habiba bint Kharija (en) | ||
Yara |
view
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Ahali | Qareeba bint Abu Quhafa (en) , Umm Amir bint Abu Quhafa (en) da Umm Farwa bint Abu Quhafa (en) | ||
Karatu | |||
Harsuna | Larabci | ||
Sana'a | |||
Sana'a | ɗan siyasa, maiwaƙe da Ɗan kasuwa | ||
Aikin soja | |||
Ya faɗaci | Yaƙin Uhudu | ||
Imani | |||
Addini | Musulunci |
Abu Bakar أبو بكر Al-Siddiq
Amir al-Mu'mineenn Lokaci Khalifancinsa 8 Yuni 632 zuwa 23 Agusta 634 Shi ne Kalifa na farko da aka Samar akan wanda zai jagoranci musulmai bayan rasuwar Manzon Allah. An binne shi a masallacin Manzon Allah, a garin Madinah.[3]
An haifi Abu Bakr a shekara ta 573 CE ga Abu Quhafa da Umm Khayr. Shi dan kabilar Banu Taim ne. A zamanin jahiliyya, ya kasance mai tauhidi kuma yayi Allah wadai da bautar gumaka. A matsayinsa na hamshakin dan kasuwa, Abubakar ya kasance yana ‘yanta bayi. Bayan musulunta a shekara ta 610, Abu Bakr ya yi aiki a matsayin babban mataimaki ga Muhammadu, wanda ya ba shi lakabin "al-Siddiq" ('Mai Gaskiya/Mai adalci'). Na farko dai ya halarci kusan dukkan yakokin da aka yi a karkashin manzon Allah. Ya ba da gudummawar dukiyarsa da yawa don tallafawa aikin Muhammadu da kuma cikin makusantan Muhammad. Ya kuma raka Muhammad akan hijirarsa zuwa Madina. Ta hanyar gayyatar Abubakar, manyan Sahabiyawa da yawa sun zama Musulmai. Ya kasance babban mashawarci na kusa ga Muhammadu, kasancewar kusan duk rikice-rikicen sojansa. Babu Muhammadu Abubakar ya jagoranci sallah da balaguro.
Bayan mutuwar Muhammad a shekara ta dari shida da talatin da biyu 632, Abu Bakr ya ci nasarar jagorancin al'ummar musulmi a matsayin Halifa Rashidun na farko. Zaben nasa dai ya samu adawa da dimbin jagororin kabilu masu tawaye, wadanda suka yi ridda daga Musulunci. A lokacin mulkinsa, ya sha fama da tashe-tashen hankula da dama, wadanda aka fi sani da Yakin Ridda, wanda a sakamakon haka ya sami damar hada kai tare da fadada mulkin daular Musulmi a kan daukacin yankin Larabawa. Ya kuma ba da umarnin fara kutsawa cikin daulolin Sassaniya da Byzantine makwabta, wanda a cikin shekaru da suka biyo bayan mutuwarsa, za su haifar da mamayar musulmi na Farisa da Levant. Baya ga siyasa, Abu Bakr kuma ana yaba masa don harhada Alqur'ani, wanda ya kasance yana da kundin rubutun halifa na kansa. Abubakar ya nada babban mashawarcinsa Umar (r. 634–644) a matsayin magajinsa kafin ya rasu a watan Agustan 634. Tare da Muhammad, an binne Abu Bakr a cikin 'Green Dome' a Al-Masjid an-Nabawi a Madina, wuri na biyu mafi tsarki. a Musulunci. Ya rasu ne sakamakon rashin lafiya bayan ya shafe shekaru biyu 2 da watanni 2 da kwana 14, Halifan Rashidun daya tilo da ya rasu a dalilin halitta. [4] Duk da cewa lokacin khalifancinsa bai yi kankanta ba, amma ya hada da mamaye dauloli biyu mafiya karfi na lokacin, nasara mai ban mamaki a cikinta. Ya kafa wani yanayi na tarihi wanda a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata zai kai ga daya daga cikin manyan dauloli a tarihi. Nasarar da ya yi a kan sojojin Larabawa 'yan tawaye na cikin gida wani muhimmin bangare ne na tarihin Musulunci. Abu Bakr yana da girma a tsakanin musulmai.[5]