James Joyce
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James Augustine Aloysius Joyce (2 Fabrairu 1882 - 13 Janairu 1941) mawallafi kuma marubucin Irish ne, mawaƙi, kuma Literary critic. Ya ba da gudummawa ga ƙungiyoyin avant-garde na zamani kuma ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mafi tasiri da mahimman marubuta na ƙarni na 20. Littafin Joyce's novel Ulysses (1922) alama ce ta ƙasa wacce sassan Homer 's Odyssey suka yi daidai da salo iri-iri na adabi, musamman stream of consciousness. Sauran sanannun ayyukan su ne tarin gajerun labarai na Dubliners (1914), da litattafai A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1916) da Finnegans Wake (1939). Sauran rubuce-rubucensa sun haɗa da littattafai guda uku na waƙoƙi, wasan kwaikwayo, haruffa, da aikin jarida lokaci-lokaci.
James Joyce | |
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Rayuwa | |
Cikakken suna | James Augustine Aloysius Joyce |
Haihuwa | Rathgar (en) , 2 ga Faburairu, 1882 |
ƙasa | Ireland |
Mazauni |
avenue Charles-Floquet (en) avenue Charles-Floquet (en) |
Harshen uwa | Turanci |
Mutuwa | Zürich (en) , 13 ga Janairu, 1941 |
Makwanci | Fluntern Cemetery (en) |
Yanayin mutuwa | (peritonitis (en) ) |
Ƴan uwa | |
Mahaifi | John Stanislaus Joyce |
Abokiyar zama | Nora Barnacle (en) (1931 - 13 ga Janairu, 1941) |
Ma'aurata | Nora Barnacle (en) |
Yara | |
Ahali | Stanislaus Joyce (en) |
Karatu | |
Makaranta |
Belvedere College (en) Clongowes Wood College (en) University College Dublin (en) (1898 - 1902) |
Harsuna |
Italiyanci Harshen Latin Faransanci Turanci Jamusanci Danish (en) |
Sana'a | |
Sana'a | maiwaƙe, Marubuci, Malami, author (en) , marubuci, ɗan jarida, literary critic (en) da prose writer (en) |
Tsayi | 71 in |
Wurin aiki | Faris, Trieste (en) da Zürich (en) |
Muhimman ayyuka |
Dubliners (en) A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (en) Ulysses (en) Finnegans Wake (en) Pomes Penyeach (en) Exiles (en) Stephen Hero (en) |
Wanda ya ja hankalinsa | Giambattista Vico (en) |
Artistic movement |
fiction literature (en) waƙa psychological fiction (en) Bildungsroman (en) stream of consciousness (en) |
Imani | |
Addini | Katolika |
IMDb | nm0004656 |
jamesjoyce.ie | |
An haifi Joyce a Dublin cikin dangi mai matsakaicin matsayi. Ya halarci Kwalejin Jesuit Clongwees Wood a cikin County Kildare, sannan, a takaice, Makarantar O'Connell ta Brothers Kirista. Duk da rikice-rikicen rayuwar iyali da kuɗin mahaifinsa ya sanya, ya yi fice a Kwalejin Jesuit Belvedere kuma ya sauke karatu daga Kwalejin Jami'ar Dublin a 1902. A cikin karni na 1904, ya hadu da matarsa Nora Barnacle kuma suka koma babban yankin Turai. Ya ɗan yi aiki a Pula sannan ya koma Trieste a Austria-Hungary, yana aiki a matsayin malamin Ingilishi. Ban da zama na wata takwas a Roma tana aiki a matsayin magatakardar wasiku da ziyara uku a Dublin, Joyce ya zauna a can har 1915. A cikin Trieste, ya buga littafinsa na waƙoƙin Chamber Music da ɗan gajeren labarinsa na Dubliners, kuma ya fara buga jerin abubuwan da aka buga A Portrait of Artist a matsayin matashi a cikin mujallar Turanci The Egoist. A lokacin yawancin yakin duniya na daya, Joyce ya zauna a Zürich, Switzerland kuma ya yi aiki a Ulysses. Bayan yakin, ya koma Trieste a takaice, sannan ya koma Paris a 1920, wanda ya zama mazauninsa na farko har zuwa 1940.
An fara buga Ulysses a birnin Paris a shekara ta 1922, amma an hana buga shi a Burtaniya da Amurka saboda yadda ake ganin batsa acikin sa. An shigo da kwafin zuwa ƙasashen biyu kuma an buga nau'ikan masu fashin teku har zuwa tsakiyar 1930s, lokacin da littafin ya zama doka. Joyce ya fara babban aikinsa na gaba, Finnegans Wake, a cikin 1923, ya buga shi a shekaru goma sha shida daga baya a 1939. A tsakanin waɗannan shekarun, Joyce ya yi tafiye-tafiye da yawa. Shi da Nora sun yi aure a wani bikin farar hula a London a cikin 1930. Ya yi tafiye-tafiye da yawa zuwa Switzerland, akai-akai yana neman magani don ƙara tsananta masa matsalolin ido da taimakon tunani ga 'yarsa, Lucia. Lokacin da Jamus ta mamaye Faransa a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, Joyce ya koma Zürich a shekara ta 1940. Ya rasu a can ne a shekarar 1941 bayan tiyatar da aka yi masa na ciwon Ulser, kasa da wata guda kafin cikarsa shekaru 59 da haihuwa.
Ulysses akai-akai yana da matsayi mai girma a cikin jerin manyan littattafan adabi, kuma adabin ilimi da ke nazarin aikinsa yana da yawa kuma yana ci gaba. Yawancin marubuta, masu yin fina-finai, da sauran masu fasaha sun sami tasiri ta hanyar sabbin hanyoyinsa na salo, kamar kulawar sa na musamman ga daki-daki, yin amfani da halal ɗin cikin gida, wasan kalmomi, da sauye-sauye na makirci na gargajiya da haɓaka halaye. Kodayake yawancin rayuwarsa balagaggu ya yi amfani da shi a ƙasashen waje, duniyar tatsuniyar sa tana kan Dublin kuma yawancin haruffa waɗanda ke kama da dangin dangi, abokan gaba da abokai daga lokacinsa a can. An kafa Ulysses musamman a kan tituna da titunan birnin. An jiyo Joyce tana cewa, “Ni kaina, koyaushe ina yin rubutu game da Dublin, domin idan na iya zuwa tsakiyar Dublin zan iya shiga zuciyar dukan biranen duniya. A cikin na musamman akwai duniya baki ɗaya." [1]