Thomas Aquinas
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Thomas Aquinas, OP (/ˈkwaɪnəs/; Italian: ' Thoma na Aquino' ; 1225- 7 Maris 1274) ɗan Italiya ne [1] [2] Dominican friar kuma firist wanda ya kasance babban masanin falsafa, masanin tauhidi da fikihu a cikin al'adar scholasticism; An san shi a cikin al'ada kamar Doctor Angelicus, Doctor Communis, da kuma Doctor Universalis. [lower-alpha 1] Sunan Aquinas yana gano asalin asalin kakanninsa a cikin gundumar Aquino a Lazio, Italiya ta yau. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, ya kasance fitaccen mai goyon bayan tiyoloji na halitta kuma uban mazhabar tunani (wanda ya hada da tiyoloji da falsafa) wanda aka fi sani da Thomism. Ya yi gardama cewa Allah shine tushen dukkan hasken hankali na halitta da kuma hasken imani. An bayyana shi a matsayin "mafi tasiri mai tunani na lokacin tsakiyar zamanai" [3] da kuma "babban masanin falsafa na tsakiya-malaman tauhidi". [4] Tasirinsa a kan tunanin Yamma yana da yawa, kuma yawancin falsafancin zamani ya samo asali ne daga ra'ayoyinsa, musamman a fannin ɗabi'a, ka'idodin halitta, metaphysics, da ka'idar siyasa. Ba kamar yawancin igiyoyin ruwa a cikin Cocin Katolika na lokacin ba, Thomas ya rungumi ra'ayoyi da yawa da Aristotle ya gabatar dashi wanda ya kira "Mai Falsafa" kuma ya yi ƙoƙari ya haɗa falsafar Aristotelian tare da ka'idodin Kiristanci.
Thomas Aquinas | |||
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Rayuwa | |||
Haihuwa | Roccasecca (en) , 1225 (Gregorian) | ||
Mazauni | Aquino (en) | ||
Mutuwa | Fossanova Abbey (en) , 7 ga Maris, 1274 | ||
Makwanci | Church of the Jacobins (en) | ||
Ƴan uwa | |||
Mahaifi | Landulphe d'Aquino | ||
Abokiyar zama | Not married | ||
Karatu | |||
Makaranta |
University of Naples Federico II (en) (1239 - 1245) University of Paris (en) (1245 - 1248) | ||
Harsuna |
Medieval Latin (en) Medieval Italian (en) Harshen Latin | ||
Malamai | Albertus Magnus (en) | ||
Ɗalibai | |||
Sana'a | |||
Sana'a | Malamin akida, Farfesa, Latin Catholic priest (en) , mai falsafa, marubuci da Catholic theologian (en) | ||
Employers | University of Paris (en) | ||
Muhimman ayyuka |
Summa Theologica (en) Summa contra Gentiles (en) De regimine principum (en) | ||
Wanda ya ja hankalinsa | Boethius (en) , Moshe ben Maimon (en) , Cicero, Al-Kindi (en) , Johannes Scotus Eriugena (en) , Ibn Rushd, Anselm of Canterbury (en) , Albertus Magnus (en) , Ibn Sina, Augustine na Hippo, Plato, Aristotle, Bulus Manzo, Al-Ghazali da Gregory I (en) | ||
Fafutuka |
Thomism (en) just war theory (en) scholasticism (en) | ||
Feast | |||
January 28 (en) , March 7 (en) da Katolika | |||
Imani | |||
Addini | Katolika | ||
Dokar addini | Dominican Order (en) |
Ayyukansa mafi sanannun su ne Tambayoyi masu jayayya akan Gaskiya (1256-1259), Summa contra Gentiles (1259-1265), da kuma wanda ba a gama ba amma mai tasiri Summa Theologica, ko Summa Theologiae (1265-1274). Sharhinsa a kan Nassosi da kuma Aristotle su ma sun zama muhimmin sashe na jikinsa na aikinsa. Bugu da ƙari, Thomas ya bambanta don waƙoƙin eucharistic, waɗanda suka zama wani ɓangare na liturgy na coci. Cocin Katolika na girmama Thomas Aquinas a matsayin waliyyi kuma tana ɗauke da shi a matsayin malami abin koyi ga waɗanda ke karatun firist, kuma haƙiƙa mafi girman magana na dalilai na halitta da tauhidin hasashe. A zamanin yau, a ƙarƙashin umarnin Paparoma, an daɗe ana amfani da nazarin ayyukansa a matsayin jigon tsarin da ake bukata na nazari ga waɗanda suke neman naɗawa firistoci ko diakoni, da kuma waɗanda suke cikin tsarin addini da kuma ga sauran ɗalibai na tsarkakkiyar koyarwa. (falsafa, tiyolojin Katolika, tarihin coci, liturgy, da dokokin canon).
A matsayinsa na Likita na Cocin, Thomas Aquinas ana ɗaukarsa ɗaya daga cikin manyan malaman tauhidi da falsafa na cocin Katolika. Paparoma Benedict XV ya bayyana cewa: “Wannan (Domincan) Umarni ... samu sabon luster lokacin da Church ayyana koyarwar Thomas ya zama nata da kuma cewa Doctor, girmama tare da yabo musamman na, na Pontiffs, master da majiɓinci na Katolika makarantu."