Angola
charu mu Afilika / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Angola (/ænˈɡoʊlə/ (pulikizgani machemelo); Portuguese: [ɐ̃ˈɡɔlɐ]; Kongo: Ngola, pronounced [ŋɔla]), mwaboma, Charu cha Angola (Portuguese: República de Angola),ni chalo icho chili ku mpoto kwa Africa. Ni caru caciŵiri pa vyaru vyose ivyo vikuyowoya Ciphwitikizi pa caru cose ndiposo pa unandi wa ŵanthu. Charu ichi chili kumafumiro gha dazi na Namibia, kumpoto na Democratic Republic of Congo, kumafumiro gha dazi na Zambia, ndipo kumanjiliro gha dazi na Atlantic Ocean. Angola wali na chigaŵa chakuchemeka Cabinda, icho chili mumphepete mwa charu cha Congo na Democratic Republic of Congo. Msumba ukuru wa charu ichi ni Luanda.
Charu cha Angola República de Angola (Portuguese) |
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Chiluso:
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Nyimbo: "Angola Avante" (English: "Onwards Angola") |
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Msumba Waboma kweneso Msumba Usani | Luanda | |||||
Official language | Portuguese | |||||
National languages |
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Mitundu ya Ŵanthu (2021) |
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Vipembezo |
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Mwenecharu |
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Mtundu wa Boma | Unitary dominant-party presidential republic | |||||
- | President | João Lourenço | ||||
- | Vice President | Esperança da Costa[1] | ||||
Formation | ||||||
- | Independence from Portugal, under Communist rule | 11 November 1975 | ||||
- | United Nations full membership | 22 November 1976 | ||||
- | Current constitution | 21 January 2010 | ||||
Ukulu wa Malo | ||||||
- | Malo | 1,246,700 km2 (22nd) 481,354 sq mi |
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- | Maji (%) | negligible | ||||
Chiŵelengelo cha ŵanthu | ||||||
- | 2022 estimate | 34,795,287[2] (42nd) | ||||
- | 2014 census | 25,789,024[3] | ||||
- | Density | 24.97/km2 (157th) 64.65/sq mi |
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GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate | |||||
- | Total | $245.44 billion[4] (62nd) | ||||
- | Per capita | $7,455[4] (129th) | ||||
GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate | |||||
- | Total | $124.79 billion[4] (61st) | ||||
- | Per capita | $3,791[4] (125th) | ||||
Gini (2018) | 51.3[5] high |
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HDI (2021) | 0.588[6] medium ·146th |
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Ndalama | Angolan kwanza (AOA ) |
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Mtundu Wanyengo | WAT (UTC+1) | |||||
Kalembelo kasiku | dd/mm/yyyy | |||||
Woko la galimoto | right | |||||
Intaneti yacharu | .ao |
Ŵanthu ŵakakhalanga mu charu ichi kwamba mu nyengo ya Paleolitiki. Charu ichi chikamba kuwumbika na Ŵapwitikizi mu ma 1500 C.E. Ŵakapanga mizi mumphepete mwa nyanja. Mu vyaka vya m'ma 1800, ŵanthu ŵa ku Europe ŵakamba kukhala mu malo agha. Charu cha Portugal icho chikazgoka Angola, chikaŵa na mphaka zake yayi m'paka mu vyaka vya m'ma 1900, chifukwa cha ŵanthu ŵa ku chigaŵa ichi nga mba Cuamato, Kwanyama, na Mbunda.
Pambuyo pa nkhondo ya nyengo yitali, Angola yikatora wanangwa mu 1975 nga ni Republic ya Marxist-Leninist. Charu ichi chikamba nkhondo ya boma chaka chimoza, pakati pa People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), iyo yikaŵa na wovwiri wa Soviet Union na Cuba, National Union for the Total Independence of Angola, iyo yikaŵa ya Maoist ndipo pamanyuma yikakanizga chikomyunizimu iyo yikaŵa nayo boma la United States na South Africa, na gulu la National Liberation Front of Angola, ilo likaŵa na wovwirapo wa Zaire.
Angola yili na vyakununkhira vinandi na mafuta, ndipo caru ici cili pakati pa vyakununkha comene pa caru cose, comenecomene kufuma apo nkhondo ya mukati yikamalira.[7] Ŵanthu ŵanandi ku Angola ŵakukhala umoyo wambura kukhumbikwa. Kwambira mu 2017, boma la João Lourenço laŵika mtima pa kulimbana na vimbundi. Nangauli ŵalongozgi ŵa vyaru vinyake ŵakumanya kuti mulimo uwu ngwakuzomerezgeka, kweni ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakususka ŵakuwona kuti ni vyakucitika vya ndyali.[8][9][10]
Charu cha Angola chili mu wupu wa United Nations, OPEC, African Union, Community of Portuguese Language Countries, na Southern African Development Community. Mu 2021, ŵanthu ŵa ku Angola ŵakukwana 32.87 miliyoni. Angola ni caru ca ŵanthu ŵa mitundu yakupambanapambana. Ŵanthu ŵa ku Angola ŵakamba kuyowoya Ciphwitikizi kwa vyaka vinandi.