Airplane game
Style of pyramid scheme / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The airplane game, also known as the plane game, is a style of pyramid scheme first recorded in the 1980s in North America and later Western Europe.
The common version of the system involved joining an "airplane" by paying a "pilot" to become one of eight "passengers".[1][2] Passengers who started at the fourth step paid to join. Already on the airplane were four "flight attendants" who were a step ahead, and two "co-pilots" next in line behind the pilot. Once a pilot collected $12,000 from passengers to retire, the group split into two "airplanes", with each co-pilot becoming the pilot of the new airplane, taking half the participants and promoting everyone a level. Bringing in new passengers sped up everyone's progression towards retiring as a pilot.[1] However, the structure of the scheme results in a participant losing the entire payment unless 14 new participants join.[2]
The scheme had spread from New York to Texas to California then South Florida by early 1987,[2] with police raiding meetings in all four states,[3][1][2][4] and reports of more airplane schemes operating in Dallas.[4] In Miami-Dade County, Florida, at least one recruiting session was reported with 1,000 attendees.[2] Though common versions at the time required passengers to pay $1,500 to receive $12,000 as a pilot,[1][2][4] some airplanes were being run with $5,000 passengers and a $40,000 pilot payout.[2]