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Chemical compound From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Clozapine N-oxide (CNO) is a synthetic drug used mainly in biomedical research as a ligand to activate DREADD receptors.[1] Although CNO was initially believed to be biologically inert. However, it has been shown not to enter the brain after administration[2] and to reverse metabolise in peripheral tissues to form clozapine. Clozapine can bind to a number of different serotonergic, dopaminergic and adrenergic receptors within the brain.[3] Therefore, behavioural data using the CNO-DREADD system in neuroscience experiments have to be interpreted with caution.[4]
Names | |
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IUPAC name
3-chloro-6-(4-methyl-4-oxidopiperazin-4-ium-1-yl)-11H-benzo[b][1,4]benzodiazepine | |
Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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ChEMBL | |
ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.164.243 |
PubChem CID |
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UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
C18H19ClN4O | |
Molar mass | 342.83 g·mol−1 |
Hazards | |
GHS labelling: | |
Danger | |
H301, H315, H319, H335 | |
P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P310, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P403+P233, P405, P501 | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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This article may be too technical for most readers to understand. (March 2021) |
Alternatives to CNO with more affinity, more inert character, and faster kinetics include Compound 21 (C21)[5] and deschloroclozapine (DCZ).[6]
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