Cross Island MRT line

The Cross Island Line (CRL) is a high capacity Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) line under development in Singapore. It will run in an east–west direction from Changi to Jurong Industrial Estate via Loyang, Pasir Ris, Hougang, Serangoon North, Ang Mo Kio, Sin Ming, Bukit Timah, Clementi and West Coast. From Pasir Ris, the line will branch off to Punggol.^[2] The 58-kilometre (36 mi) line will replace the East–West Line as the longest line on the MRT network upon its complete opening by the 2040s, serving about 27 stations.^[3]

Cross Island Line
Construction works at Teck Ghee station
Overview
Native name	Laluan MRT Rentas Pulau 跨岛地铁线 குறுக்குத் தீவு ரயில் பாதை
Status	Under construction (Phase 1-2 & Punggol Extension) Under planning (Phase 3)
Owner	Land Transport Authority
Locale	Singapore
Termini	Aviation Park Pasir Ris Jurong Lake District Punggol
Stations	12 (Phase 1) 6 (Phase 2) 3 (Punggol Extension)
Service
Type	Rapid transit
System	Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore)
Operator(s)	TBA
Depot(s)	Changi East
Rolling stock	CRRC Qingdao Sifang CR151
History
Planned opening	2030 (Phase 1) 2032 (Punggol Extension and Phase 2) 2040 (extension to Changi Airport T5)
Technical
Line length	29 km (18 mi) (Phase 1) 15 km (9.3 mi) (Phase 2) 7.3 km (4.5 mi) (Punggol Extension) 58 km (36 mi) (Total approximate)
Character	Fully underground
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Electrification	Overhead line, 1,500 V DC [1]
Route map Legend future extension to Changi Airport T5 Changi East Depot  CR2  Aviation Park  CR3  Loyang  CR4  Pasir Ris East Sungei Tampines  EW1  ■ East–West Line to Tuas Link  CP1   CR5  Pasir Ris Sungei Api Api  CP2  Elias Tampines Expressway  CR6  Tampines North Kallang–P.L. Expressway  CR7  Defu Sungei Serangoon  PE4  ■ Punggol LRT East Loop  CP3  Riviera  PTC  ■ East Loop West Loop  NE17  ■ North East Line to Punggol Coast  CP4  Punggol  NE14  ■ North East Line to HarbourFront  CR8  Hougang  CR9  Serangoon North  CR10  Tavistock Central Expressway  CR11  Ang Mo Kio  NS16  ■ ← to Jurong East to Marina South Pier →  CR12  Teck Ghee Kallang River  CR13  Bright Hill  TE7  ■ ← to Woodlands North to Bayshore → Pan-Island Expressway  CR14  Turf City  DT6  ■ ← to Bukit Panjang to Expo →  CR15  King Albert Park  CR16  Maju Sungei Ulu Pandan  CR17  Clementi  EW23  ■ ← to Tuas Link to Pasir Ris → Ayer Rajah Expressway  CR18  West Coast Sungei Pandan  CR19  Jurong Lake District future extension to Tuas This diagram: view talk edit

Plans for the line were first announced in 2013. The CRL is envisioned to serve various key hubs including the Jurong Lake District and the Punggol Digital District, offering an alternative east–west connection to alleviate passenger load on the East–West Line. Shortly after the announcement, calls were made by some nature groups to divert the line tunnels away from the Central Catchment Nature Reserve (CCNR). Nevertheless, the Government ultimately decided after years of assessments and deliberation to continue with the original direct route in 2019, citing commuting time and economic factors as well as long-term energy consumption. The alignment and stations for CRL1 were finalised in 2019, followed by the Punggol branch in 2020 and Phase 2 in 2022.^[4] The proposed full line is expected to have a daily ridership of over one million in the long term,^[5] and to cost an estimated S$40.7 billion.^[6]

History

Announcement

The Cross Island Line was first announced by then Transport Minister Lui Tuck Yew on 17 January 2013. The line was planned to relieve congestion on the existing East–West Line and slated to begin at Changi on Singapore's eastern coast, passing through the major eastern towns including Pasir Ris, Hougang and Ang Mo Kio. From this point, it would proceed further west toward Bukit Timah, Clementi and West Coast, before terminating in the Jurong Industrial Estate. A branch line was to connect the mainline to Punggol. The line was planned to be 50 km long and open in 2030.^[7][8] Studies on the Cross Island Line began in May 2013.^[9]

Line alignment

Final and alternate routes crossing the Central Catchment^[10][11]

Since its announcement, there has been controversy over the alignment of the line's Bukit Timah stretch crossing the Central Catchment Nature Reserve (CCNR) and MacRitchie Reservoir, which prompted the Nature Society Singapore to call for the line's realignment. Environmental groups have urged the Government not to build the MRT line under the CCNR.^[12]

On 19 July 2013, the NSS put forward two proposed alternative alignments:^[13] a northern route that would run close to the Thomson–East Coast Line, heading west towards Mandai, Sungei Kadut and Gali Batu before terminating at Choa Chu Kang, and a southern route skirting the reserve along Lornie Road. One engineering professor Lee Der-Horng noted the possible feasibility of constructing the line through the reserve without impacting the environment, though he said the decision "shouldn’t be just based on transport".^[14]

A tender to assess the environmental impact of the line was called for on 24 February 2014 to facilitate civil works for the line.^[15] In July 2014, the LTA appointed Environmental Resources Management (S) Pte Ltd (ERM) to conduct the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the section of the line around and through the nature reserve. The EIA was to be conducted in two phases, with the first studying the ecosystem and physical conditions along both the straight and skirting alignments, as well as assessing how construction and operation of the line would affect the CCNR.^[16] The Phase 1 EIA report was released in February 2016.^[17][18]

Soil investigation works along the CCNR began in February 2017 and by October, was announced to be nearing completion by the end of the year.^[12] On 20 March 2018, the LTA declared that the findings on the environmental impact of drilling and other initial works would be completed later that year.^[19] The Phase 2 EIA report was released in September 2019.^[20] On 4 December 2019, the Ministry of Transport confirmed that the direct route underneath the CCNR had been chosen, with mitigating factors such as tunnelling deeper than usual under the CCNR as well as no surface works in the area. The construction cost is also expected to be $2 billion lower than the alternative alignments.^[21]

Phase 1

Construction works at Hougang CRL site

On 25 January 2019, then Transport Minister Khaw Boon Wan announced the alignment of CRL Phase 1 (CRL1). This segment of the line, spanning 29 kilometres (18 mi), consists of 12 stations from Aviation Park station to Bright Hill station. A new 57-hectare Changi East Depot was to be built to serve the line. CRL Phase 1 is expected to be completed in 2030.^[22][23][24]

Punggol Extension

On 10 March 2020, a branch line from Pasir Ris station to Punggol station was announced. The 7.3-kilometre (4.5 mi) Punggol extension, consisting of four stations between this station and Punggol, was expected to be completed in 2031.^[25][26] However, the restrictions imposed on construction works due to the COVID-19 pandemic have led to delays and the completion dates for CRL1 and CRLe were pushed by one year to 2030 and 2032 respectively.^[27] Construction of CRL1 officially began on 18 January 2023.^[28][29] As of January 2022, there are no plans to extend the Punggol branch to Jalan Kayu.^[30]

Phase 2

In December 2021, as part of a virtual exhibition by the LTA, a future system map depicted a series of 11 unnamed stations on the western half of the CRL.^[31] The map also showed the western segment interchanging with existing and under-construction stations: King Albert Park, Clementi, Jurong Pier and Gul Circle stations. The map, along with the virtual exhibition, has since been offline. The LTA explained that the route was a "conceptual alignment" yet to be finalised, with the interchange stations being tentative.^[32]

On 20 September 2022, then Transport Minister S. Iswaran confirmed the stations for Phase 2 of the CRL. Expected to open in 2032, the 15-kilometre (9.3 mi) segment spans six stations from Turf City station to Jurong Lake District station.^[33][34] Construction of these stations is expected to start in 2023.^[33]

Phase 3

Based on tender documents, The Straits Times projected in February 2022 that civil works for the CRL might be completed by end-2033, with operations beginning in 2034 or later. The CRL is to be completed in three phases.^[10] However, the LTA stated that the exact timeline is unclear and will only be known with the completion of advanced engineering studies.^[35] It is projected that the second and third phases will be about 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) and 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) long respectively.^[36] The Phase 3 segment is predicted to have four stations, with tentative stations CR21 and CR24 on the Phase 3 segment interchanging with the Jurong Region Line and the East–West Line.^[37] An additional shell station might be built as part of the segment. As of 16 August 2024, engineering studies for Phase 3 have not yet been completed.^[35][38]

Future plans

In conceptual plans for the redevelopment of Paya Lebar Air Base, an additional station (labelled "PLAB") has been proposed between Defu and Tampines North stations to serve the new developments.^[39]

Network and operations

Route

Planned route of the Cross Island MRT line^[40][41]

The 58 kilometres (36 mi)-long CRL is planned to run in a generally east–west direction, serving 27 stations^[10] and being an alternative route to the existing East–West (EWL) and Downtown (DTL) lines.^[7][42] Phase 1 of the line goes west from Changi, in the east, to Pasir Ris. The line branches off to Punggol Digital District^[25] and goes south-west towards Tampines North, and west to Hougang, and further towards Sin Ming via Ang Mo Kio.^[40] Phase 2 of the line connects Bukit Timah to Sin Ming, tunneling through the CCNR, before continuing south-west to West Coast via Clementi, before heading north-west to Jurong Lake District.^[41] Phase 3 concludes the line at the Jurong Industrial Estate.^[41]

Services

At least half of the CRL stations are to interchange with existing lines, providing alternative routes for commuters.^[3] The LTA is also studying a possible extension to Changi Airport Terminal 5.^[43]

The Government briefly considered in 2014 implementing an express service for the CRL.^[44] However, then Transport Minister Khaw announced in 2018 that express services were considered not feasible, citing the higher cost needed to build extra tracks and additional signalling systems that can affect non-express commuters and existing lines.^[45]

Stations

Names stated are working names, except for the existing interchange stations.^[22]

Cross Island Line stations timeline

Date	Project	Description
2030	Phase 1	Aviation Park - Bright Hill
2032	Punggol Extension	Pasir Ris - Punggol
2032	Phase 2	Turf City - Jurong Lake District

Legend

Elevated	Line terminus	Transfer outside paid area
Ground-level	Wheelchair accessible	Bus interchange
Underground	Civil Defence Shelter	Other transportation modes

List

Station code	Station name	Images	Interchange; Adjacent transportation	Opening	Cost
Phase 1 (under construction, to be ready by 2030)
CR2	Aviation Park	Does not appear	Changi Ferry Terminal	2030; 6 years' time	S$320 million[46][47]
					S$356 million[48][lower-alpha 1]
CR3	Loyang	Does not appear	—
					S$748 million[49][50]
CR4	Pasir Ris East	Does not appear			S$363 million[51]
CR5   CP1  EW1	Pasir Ris	Does not appear	CRL Punggol Extension  (2032)   East–West Line  ―  Pasir Ris		S$980 million[52]
CR6	Tampines North	Does not appear	Tampines North		S$397 million[53]
					S$446 million[46][54][lower-alpha 2]
CR7	Defu	Does not appear	—
					S$467 million[55]
CR8  NE14	Hougang	Does not appear	North East Line  ―  Hougang Central		S$604 million[56]
CR9	Serangoon North	Does not appear	—		S$407 million[57][58]
CR10	Tavistock	Does not appear
CR11  NS16	Ang Mo Kio	Does not appear	North–South Line  ―  Ang Mo Kio		S$644 million[59]
CR12	Teck Ghee	Does not appear	—		S$615.9 million[60]
CR13  TE7	Bright Hill	Does not appear	Thomson–East Coast Line		S$526 million[61]
					S$758 million[62][lower-alpha 3]
Phase 2 (planned, to be ready by 2032)
CR14	Turf City	Does not appear	—	2032; 8 years' time	S$530 million[63]
CR15  DT6	King Albert Park	Does not appear	Downtown Line		S$447 million[64]
CR16	Maju	Does not appear	—		S$480 million[65]
					S$199 million[38][lower-alpha 4]
CR17  EW23	Clementi	Does not appear	East–West Line  ―  Clementi		S$514 million[64]
CR18	West Coast	Does not appear	—		S$510 million[66]
					S$242 million[67][lower-alpha 5]
CR19	Jurong Lake District	Does not appear			S$590 million[68]
Punggol Extension (under construction, to be ready by 2032)[69]
CP1   CR5  EW1	Pasir Ris	Does not appear	Cross Island Line    East–West Line  ―  Pasir Ris	2032; 8 years' time	S$980 million[52]
CP2	Elias	Does not appear	—		$562 million[70]
CP3 – PE4	Riviera	Does not appear	PGLRT East Loop		S$1.1 billion[71]
CP4  NE17  PTC	Punggol	Does not appear	North East Line    Punggol LRT   Punggol		S$496 million[62]

Depots

Number	Depot name; Lines	Location	Images	Line-specific stabling capacity	Cost	Opening
1	Changi East	Changi	Does not appear	70 trains	S$1.05 billion[72][73][74]	2030; 6 years' time

Train control

The Cross Island Line will be equipped with Siemens Trainguard Communications-based train control (CBTC) moving block signalling system with Automatic train control (ATC) under Automatic train operation (ATO) GoA 4 (UTO).^[75]

Rolling stock

The CR151 mockup displayed at LTA's Hampshire office.

Services on the CRL are to be provided by six-car electric multiple units designed and manufactured by CRRC Qingdao Sifang in Qingdao, known as the CRRC Qingdao Sifang CR151. These trains draw power from an overhead conductor rail, and are to be equipped with condition monitoring equipment to allow for quick identification of any potential problems.^[76] In addition, they are to have five doors per side per carriage (also present on the T251 trains) as well as wider gangway connections carriages compared to other trains on the MRT network, which the LTA claims allow for smoother commuter movement on, off and within the trains.^[77]

The LTA announced that it had awarded the S$589 million contract for the supply of trains for the line on 14 June 2023. Initially comprising a 44-train order, it includes an option for 11 more trains and for maintenance support of the train fleet. The trains are to be delivered progressively from 2027 onwards.^[78] A CRL Train Mixed Reality Mock-up was displayed at LTA's Hampshire office as a public engagement exercise.^[79][80][81]

Notes and references

Notes

1. Tunnel between Aviation Park and Loyang
2. Tunnel between Tampines North and Defu
3. Tunnel between Bright Hill and Turf City
4. Tunnel between Maju and Clementi
5. Tunnel between West Coast and Jurong Lake District

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79. "Registration Form for Public Engagement on the CRL Train Mixed Reality Mock-up". form.gov.sg. Land Transport Authority. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
80. "Public Engagement Exercise on the Future Cross Island Line (CRL) Trains". form.gov.sg. Land Transport Authority. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
81. "中车制造！新加坡跨岛线地铁列车CR151新渲染图上线!_轨道交通展". 轨道交通展_轨道展_ARTS国际先进轨道交通技术展览会 (in Chinese). Retrieved 31 May 2024.

External links

• LTA official website on the Cross Island Line